cell Who acts: cell, smallest living part, single unit, monk, We, Red blood cells · What happens: be, live, make, keep, look, carry · To what, where: smallest living part, living things, small room, prisoner, battery, electricity · Speech: someone speaks here
«cell» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cell in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A cell is the smallest living part of a plant or animal; all living things are made of cells.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det amod amod case det nmod cc conj punct det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass acl case obl punct root A DET cell NOUN is AUX the DET smallest ADJ living ADJ part NOUN of ADP a DET plant NOUN or CCONJ animal NOUN ; PUNCT all DET living VERB things NOUN are AUX made VERB of ADP cells NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cell det 2 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 7 part nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 part cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 part det 5 smallest small ADJ Degree=Sup 7 part amod 6 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 7 part amod 7 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 10 plant case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 plant det 10 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 7 part nmod 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 animal cc 12 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 10 plant conj 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 18 made punct 14 all all DET PronType=Tot 16 things det 15 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 16 things amod 16 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 18 made nsubj:pass 17 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 made aux:pass 18 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 part acl 19 of of ADP _ 20 cells case 20 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 18 made obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 7 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cell the smallest living part of a plant or animal tree rules 2 live gerund vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 make present · passive the smallest living part not said here all living things of cells vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A cell is a small room where a prisoner is kept.
det nsubj cop det amod advmod det nsubj:pass aux:pass acl:relcl punct root A DET cell NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ room NOUN where ADV a DET prisoner NOUN is AUX kept VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cell det 2 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 6 room nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 room cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 room det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 room amod 6 room room NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 where where ADV PronType=Rel 11 kept advmod 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 prisoner det 9 prisoner prisoner NOUN Number=Sing 11 kept nsubj:pass 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 kept aux:pass 11 kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 room acl:relcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 room punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cell a small room tree rules 2 keep present · passive a prisoner vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Meaning 3 A cell is a battery, a single unit that makes electricity.
det nsubj cop det punct det amod appos nsubj acl:relcl obj punct root A DET cell NOUN is AUX a DET battery NOUN , PUNCT a DET single ADJ unit NOUN that PRON makes VERB electricity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cell det 2 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 5 battery nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 battery cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 battery det 5 battery battery NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 unit punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 unit det 8 single single ADJ Degree=Pos 9 unit amod 9 unit unit NOUN Number=Sing 5 battery appos 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 makes nsubj 11 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 unit acl:relcl 12 electricity electricity NOUN Number=Sing 11 makes obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 battery punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cell a battery tree rules 2 make present a single unit electricity vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset electricity=Product
Meaning 4 A cell is one small box in a table or spreadsheet.
det nsubj cop nummod amod case det nmod cc conj punct root A DET cell NOUN is AUX one NUM small ADJ box NOUN in ADP a DET table NOUN or CCONJ spreadsheet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cell det 2 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 6 box nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 box cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 box nummod 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 box amod 6 box box NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 table case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 table det 9 table table NOUN Number=Sing 6 box nmod 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 spreadsheet cc 11 spreadsheet spreadsheet NOUN Number=Sing 9 table conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 box punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cell one small box a table or spreadsheet tree rules
Meaning 5 A cell (cell phone, American) is a mobile phone.
det nsubj punct compound appos punct conj punct cop det amod punct root A DET cell NOUN ( PUNCT cell NOUN phone NOUN , PUNCT American ADJ ) PUNCT is AUX a DET mobile ADJ phone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cell det 2 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 12 phone nsubj 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 phone punct 4 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 5 phone compound 5 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 2 cell appos 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 American punct 7 American American ADJ Degree=Pos 5 phone conj 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 phone punct 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 phone cop 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 phone det 11 mobile mobile ADJ Degree=Pos 12 phone amod 12 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 . . PUNCT _ 12 phone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cell a mobile phone tree rules
Meaning 6 A cell can also be a small room where a monk, nun or hermit lives alone.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj aux advmod cop det amod advmod det nsubj punct conj cc conj acl:relcl advmod punct root A DET cell NOUN can AUX also ADV be AUX a DET small ADJ room NOUN where ADV a DET monk NOUN , PUNCT nun NOUN or CCONJ hermit NOUN lives VERB alone ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cell det 2 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 8 room nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 room aux 4 also also ADV _ 8 room advmod 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 room cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 room det 7 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 8 room amod 8 room room NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 where where ADV PronType=Rel 16 lives advmod 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 monk det 11 monk monk NOUN Number=Sing 16 lives nsubj 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 nun punct 13 nun nun NOUN Number=Sing 11 monk conj 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 hermit cc 15 hermit hermit NOUN Number=Sing 11 monk conj 16 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 room acl:relcl 17 alone alone ADV _ 16 lives advmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 8 room punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a can a cell a small room tree rules 2 live present a monk and nun or hermit alone property vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 All living things are made of cells.
det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root All DET living VERB things NOUN are AUX made VERB of ADP cells NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 3 things det 2 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 things amod 3 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 5 made nsubj:pass 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 made aux:pass 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 cells case 7 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 5 made obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live gerund vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 make present · passive all living things of cells vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 2 We looked at onion cells under a microscope.
nsubj case compound obl case det obl punct root We PRON looked VERB at ADP onion NOUN cells NOUN under ADP a DET microscope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 looked nsubj 2 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 5 cells case 4 onion onion NOUN Number=Sing 5 cells compound 5 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 2 looked obl 6 under under ADP _ 8 microscope case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 microscope det 8 microscope microscope NOUN Number=Sing 2 looked obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past We under a microscope; at onion cells vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at cell=Theme
Example 3 Red blood cells carry oxygen.
amod compound nsubj obj punct root Red ADJ blood NOUN cells NOUN carry VERB oxygen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Red red ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cells amod 2 blood blood NOUN Number=Sing 3 cells compound 3 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 4 carry nsubj 4 carry carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 oxygen oxygen NOUN Number=Sing 4 carry obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 carry punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry present Red blood cells oxygen vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme
Example 4 The prisoner sat alone in his cell.
det nsubj advmod case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET prisoner NOUN sat VERB alone ADV in ADP his PRON cell NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 prisoner det 2 prisoner prisoner NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat nsubj 3 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 alone alone ADV _ 3 sat advmod 5 in in ADP _ 7 cell case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 cell nmod:poss 7 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past the prisoner prisoner's cell alone property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cell=Location
Example 5 Add another cell to make the bulb brighter.
det obj mark advcl det obj xcomp punct root Add VERB another DET cell NOUN to PART make VERB the DET bulb NOUN brighter ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Add add VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 another another DET PronType=Ind 3 cell det 3 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 1 Add obj 4 to to PART _ 5 make mark 5 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Add advcl 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 bulb det 7 bulb bulb NOUN Number=Sing 5 make obj 8 brighter bright ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 make xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Add punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 add speech: assert imperative you not said here another cell vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cell=Patient 2 make to-infinitive you not said here the bulb bright property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bulb=Product
Example 6 Write the total in the last cell of the table.
det obj case det amod obl case det nmod punct root Write VERB the DET total NOUN in ADP the DET last ADJ cell NOUN of ADP the DET table NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Write write VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 total det 3 total total NOUN Number=Sing 1 Write obj 4 in in ADP _ 7 cell case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 cell det 6 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cell amod 7 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 1 Write obl 8 of of ADP _ 10 table case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 table det 10 table table NOUN Number=Sing 7 cell nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Write punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write imperative you not said here the total the last cell of the table vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent total=Theme in cell=Destination
Example 7 Bees store honey in wax cells.
nsubj obj case compound obl punct root Bees NOUN store VERB honey NOUN in ADP wax NOUN cells NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bees bee NOUN Number=Plur 2 store nsubj 2 store store VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 honey honey NOUN Number=Sing 2 store obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 cells case 5 wax wax NOUN Number=Sing 6 cells compound 6 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 2 store obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 store punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 store present Bees honey wax cells vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent honey=Theme in cell=Location
Example 8 "But one thing more," said the Wise Woman, going back to her cell.
The tree, 13 words punct cc nummod obl:unmarked ccomp punct punct det amod nsubj punct advcl advmod case nmod:poss obl punct root " PUNCT But CCONJ one NUM thing NOUN more ADJ , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB the DET Wise ADJ Woman NOUN , PUNCT going VERB back ADV to ADP her PRON cell NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 8 said punct 2 But but CCONJ _ 5 more cc 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 thing nummod 4 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 5 more obl:unmarked 5 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 said ccomp 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 more punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 5 more punct 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 Woman det 10 Wise wise ADJ Degree=Pos 11 Woman amod 11 Woman woman NOUN Number=Sing 8 said nsubj 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 going punct 13 going go VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 said advcl 14 back back ADV _ 13 going advmod 15 to to ADP _ 17 cell case 16 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 cell nmod:poss 17 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 13 going obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 8 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past the Wise Woman vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 go back gerund the Wise Woman not said here to Woman's cell result vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to cell=Result
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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