chase Who acts: chase, act, dog, fox, cat, he · What happens: chase, be, catch, chase away, go away, run · To what, where: it, act, dream, cat, 3 rabbits, 5 m
«chase» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: chase in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To chase is to run after someone or something to catch it.
mark csubj cop mark case obl cc conj mark acl obj punct root To PART chase VERB is AUX to PART run VERB after ADP someone PRON or CCONJ something PRON to PART catch VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 chase mark 2 chase chase VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 run csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 run cop 4 to to PART _ 5 run mark 5 run run VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 after after ADP _ 7 someone case 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 run obl 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 something cc 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 someone conj 10 to to PART _ 11 catch mark 11 catch catch VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 something acl 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 catch obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 run punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chase to-infinitive vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent 2 is present after someone run property tree rules 3 catch to-infinitive it vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To chase away is to make someone go away by running after them.
mark csubj advmod cop mark obj xcomp advmod mark advcl case obl punct root To PART chase VERB away ADV is AUX to PART make VERB someone PRON go VERB away ADV by SCONJ running VERB after ADP them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 chase mark 2 chase chase VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 make csubj 3 away away ADV _ 2 chase advmod 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 make cop 5 to to PART _ 6 make mark 6 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 make obj 8 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 make xcomp 9 away away ADV _ 8 go advmod 10 by by SCONJ _ 11 running mark 11 running run VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 go advcl 12 after after ADP _ 13 them case 13 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 running obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chase away to-infinitive away property vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent 2 is present make property tree rules 3 go away infinitive away property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 run gerund after them = they vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 A chase is the act of running after someone.
det nsubj cop det mark acl case obl punct root A DET chase NOUN is AUX the DET act NOUN of SCONJ running VERB after ADP someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 chase det 2 chase chase NOUN Number=Sing 5 act nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 act cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 act det 5 act act NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of SCONJ _ 7 running mark 7 running run VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 act acl 8 after after ADP _ 9 someone case 9 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 running obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 act punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a chase the act tree rules 2 run gerund the act not said here after someone vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 4 To chase a dream is to try hard to get it.
mark advcl det obj cop mark xcomp mark xcomp obj punct root To PART chase VERB a DET dream NOUN is AUX to PART try VERB hard ADJ to PART get VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 chase mark 2 chase chase VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 try advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 dream det 4 dream dream NOUN Number=Sing 2 chase obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 try cop 6 to to PART _ 7 try mark 7 try try VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 7 try xcomp 9 to to PART _ 10 get mark 10 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 hard xcomp 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 get obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 try punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chase to-infinitive a dream vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dream=Theme 2 is present hard, try property tree rules 3 get to-infinitive dream vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
Example 1 A dog chases a cat.
det nsubj det obj punct root A DET dog NOUN chases VERB a DET cat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 dog det 2 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 3 chases nsubj 3 chases chase VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 cat det 5 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 3 chases obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 chases punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chase present a dog a cat vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Theme
Example 2 The fox chases 3 rabbits.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET fox NOUN chases VERB 3 NUM rabbits NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 fox det 2 fox fox NOUN Number=Sing 3 chases nsubj 3 chases chase VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 rabbits nummod 5 rabbits rabbit NOUN Number=Plur 3 chases obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 chases punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chase present the fox 3 rabbits vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rabbit=Theme
Example 3 The cat runs 5 m a second and the dog chases at 7.
det nsubj nummod obj det obl:unmarked cc det nsubj conj case obl punct root The DET cat NOUN runs VERB 5 NUM m NOUN a DET second NOUN and CCONJ the DET dog NOUN chases VERB at ADP 7 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cat det 2 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 3 runs nsubj 3 runs run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 m nummod 5 m m NOUN Number=Plur 3 runs obj 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 second det 7 second second NOUN Number=Sing 3 runs obl:unmarked 8 and and CCONJ _ 11 chases cc 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 dog det 10 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 11 chases nsubj 11 chases chase VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 runs conj 12 at at ADP _ 13 7 case 13 7 7 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 chases obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 runs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run present the cat 5 m second vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme m=Trajectory 2 chase present the dog 7 vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent at 7=Trajectory
Example 4 How long until he catches up?
advmod advmod mark nsubj compound:prt punct root How ADV long ADV until SCONJ he PRON catches VERB up ADP ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 long advmod 2 long long ADV Degree=Pos 5 catches advmod 3 until until SCONJ _ 5 catches mark 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 catches nsubj 5 catches catch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 up up ADP _ 5 catches compound:prt 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 catches punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 catch up present he long property vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 5 We played chase in the playground.
nsubj obj case det obl punct root We PRON played VERB chase NOUN in ADP the DET playground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 played nsubj 2 played play VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 chase chase NOUN Number=Sing 2 played obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 playground case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 playground det 6 playground playground NOUN Number=Sing 2 played obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 played punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play past We chase the playground vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chase=Theme
Example 6 The farmer chased the crows away from the corn.
det nsubj det obj advmod case det obl punct root The DET farmer NOUN chased VERB the DET crows NOUN away ADV from ADP the DET corn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 3 chased nsubj 3 chased chase VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 crows det 5 crows crow NOUN Number=Plur 3 chased obj 6 away away ADV _ 3 chased advmod 7 from from ADP _ 9 corn case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 corn det 9 corn corn NOUN Number=Sing 3 chased obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 chased punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chase away past the farmer the crows the corn away property vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent crow=Theme from corn=Trajectory
Example 7 A cheetah can chase its prey at great speed.
det nsubj aux nmod:poss obj case amod obl punct root A DET cheetah NOUN can AUX chase VERB its PRON prey NOUN at ADP great ADJ speed NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cheetah det 2 cheetah cheetah NOUN Number=Sing 4 chase nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 chase aux 4 chase chase VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 prey nmod:poss 6 prey prey NOUN Number=Sing 4 chase obj 7 at at ADP _ 9 speed case 8 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 9 speed amod 9 speed speed NOUN Number=Sing 4 chase obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 chase punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chase can a cheetah cheetah's prey great speed vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent prey=Theme at speed=Trajectory
Example 8 The film ends with a long car chase.
det nsubj case det amod compound obl punct root The DET film NOUN ends VERB with ADP a DET long ADJ car NOUN chase NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 film det 2 film film NOUN Number=Sing 3 ends nsubj 3 ends end VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 with with ADP _ 8 chase case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 chase det 6 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 8 chase amod 7 car car NOUN Number=Sing 8 chase compound 8 chase chase NOUN Number=Sing 3 ends obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 ends punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 end present the film with a long car chase vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector with chase=Subeventuality
Example 9 She is chasing her dream of becoming a dancer.
nsubj aux nmod:poss obj mark acl det obj punct root She PRON is AUX chasing VERB her PRON dream NOUN of SCONJ becoming VERB a DET dancer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 chasing nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 chasing aux 3 chasing chase VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 dream nmod:poss 5 dream dream NOUN Number=Sing 3 chasing obj 6 of of SCONJ _ 7 becoming mark 7 becoming become VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 dream acl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 dancer det 9 dancer dancer NOUN Number=Sing 7 becoming obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 chasing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chase present · progressive She her dream vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dream=Theme 2 become gerund her dream not said here a dancer vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient dancer=Result 3 dream her = she nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 10 There was his sister chasing him.
expl nmod:poss nsubj acl obj punct root There PRON was VERB his PRON sister NOUN chasing VERB him PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 was expl 2 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 sister nmod:poss 4 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 2 was nsubj 5 chasing chase VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 sister acl 6 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 chasing obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past his sister there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 chase gerund his sister not said here him = he vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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