chemical Who acts: chemical, one, Chemical adjective, substances, Bleach, you · What happens: be, make, use, mean, do, change · To what, where: substance, science, strong chemical, Bleach, chemicals, poisonous gas · Speech: someone speaks here
«chemical» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: chemical in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A chemical is a substance, especially one made or used in science or industry, such as bleach, salt or oxygen.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det punct advmod nsubj acl:relcl cc conj case obl cc conj punct case fixed conj punct conj cc conj punct root A DET chemical NOUN is AUX a DET substance NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV one NUM made VERB or CCONJ used VERB in ADP science NOUN or CCONJ industry NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP bleach NOUN , PUNCT salt NOUN or CCONJ oxygen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 chemical det 2 chemical chemical NOUN Number=Sing 5 substance nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 substance cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 substance det 5 substance substance NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 made punct 7 especially especially ADV _ 8 one advmod 8 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 made nsubj 9 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 substance acl:relcl 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 used cc 11 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 made conj 12 in in ADP _ 13 science case 13 science science NOUN Number=Sing 11 used obl 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 industry cc 15 industry industry NOUN Number=Sing 13 science conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 19 bleach punct 17 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 19 bleach case 18 as as ADP _ 17 such fixed 19 bleach bleach NOUN Number=Sing 13 science conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 salt punct 21 salt salt NOUN Number=Sing 13 science conj 22 or or CCONJ _ 23 oxygen cc 23 oxygen oxygen NOUN Number=Sing 21 salt conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 5 substance punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a chemical a substance tree rules 2 make participle one a substance not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset substance=Product 3 use participle one not said here science or industry and bleach and salt or oxygen vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Chemical as an adjective means to do with chemistry or with how substances change: a chemical reaction.
The tree, 17 words amod case det nsubj mark ccomp case obl cc mark advmod nsubj conj punct det amod parataxis punct root Chemical ADJ as ADP an DET adjective NOUN means VERB to PART do VERB with ADP chemistry NOUN or CCONJ with SCONJ how ADV substances NOUN change VERB : PUNCT a DET chemical ADJ reaction NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chemical chemical ADJ Degree=Pos 4 adjective amod 2 as as ADP _ 4 adjective case 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 adjective det 4 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 to to PART _ 7 do mark 7 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means ccomp 8 with with ADP _ 9 chemistry case 9 chemistry chemistry NOUN Number=Sing 7 do obl 10 or or CCONJ _ 14 change cc 11 with with SCONJ _ 14 change mark 12 how how ADV PronType=Int 14 change advmod 13 substances substance NOUN Number=Plur 14 change nsubj 14 change change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 chemistry conj 15 : : PUNCT _ 18 reaction punct 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 reaction det 17 chemical chemical ADJ Degree=Pos 18 reaction amod 18 reaction reaction NOUN Number=Sing 5 means parataxis 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present a Chemical adjective vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do not said to happen to-infinitive with chemistry vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 change present substances vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Bleach is a strong chemical, so don't touch it.
nsubj cop det amod punct advmod aux advmod parataxis obj punct root Bleach NOUN is AUX a DET strong ADJ chemical NOUN , PUNCT so ADV do AUX n't PART touch VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bleach bleach NOUN Number=Sing 5 chemical nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 chemical cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 chemical det 4 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 5 chemical amod 5 chemical chemical NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 touch punct 7 so so ADV _ 10 touch advmod 8 do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 10 touch aux 9 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 10 touch advmod 10 touch touch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 chemical parataxis 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 touch obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 chemical punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Bleach a strong chemical tree rules 2 not touch infinitive · do-support Bleach vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme
Example 2 Never mix cleaning chemicals; they can make poisonous gas.
advmod xcomp obj punct nsubj aux conj amod obj punct root Never ADV mix VERB cleaning VERB chemicals NOUN ; PUNCT they PRON can AUX make VERB poisonous ADJ gas NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 mix advmod 2 mix mix VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 cleaning clean VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 mix xcomp 4 chemicals chemical NOUN Number=Plur 3 cleaning obj 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 make punct 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 make nsubj 7 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 make aux 8 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 mix conj 9 poisonous poisonous ADJ Degree=Pos 10 gas amod 10 gas gas NOUN Number=Sing 8 make obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 mix punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not mix imperative you not said here tree rules 2 clean gerund you not said here chemicals vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent chemical=Patient 3 make can chemicals = chemical poisonous gas vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset gas=Product
Example 3 Rust is caused by a chemical reaction between iron, water and air.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det amod obl case nmod punct conj cc conj punct root Rust NOUN is AUX caused VERB by ADP a DET chemical ADJ reaction NOUN between ADP iron NOUN , PUNCT water NOUN and CCONJ air NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rust rust NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 caused aux:pass 3 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 7 reaction case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 reaction det 6 chemical chemical ADJ Degree=Pos 7 reaction amod 7 reaction reaction NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused obl 8 between between ADP _ 9 iron case 9 iron iron NOUN Number=Sing 7 reaction nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 water punct 11 water water NOUN Number=Sing 9 iron conj 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 air cc 13 air air NOUN Number=Sing 9 iron conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 caused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause present · passive a chemical reaction between iron and water and air Rust vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient
Example 4 Water is a chemical made of hydrogen and oxygen.
nsubj cop det acl case obl cc conj punct root Water NOUN is AUX a DET chemical NOUN made VERB of ADP hydrogen NOUN and CCONJ oxygen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 chemical nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 chemical cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 chemical det 4 chemical chemical NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 chemical acl 6 of of ADP _ 7 hydrogen case 7 hydrogen hydrogen NOUN Number=Sing 5 made obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 oxygen cc 9 oxygen oxygen NOUN Number=Sing 7 hydrogen conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 chemical punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Water a chemical tree rules 2 make participle a chemical not said here of hydrogen and oxygen vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
Example 5 Keep chemicals in their own bottles with labels.
obj case nmod:poss amod obl case obl punct root Keep VERB chemicals NOUN in ADP their PRON own ADJ bottles NOUN with ADP labels NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 chemicals chemical NOUN Number=Plur 1 Keep obj 3 in in ADP _ 6 bottles case 4 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 bottles nmod:poss 5 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bottles amod 6 bottles bottle NOUN Number=Plur 1 Keep obl 7 with with ADP _ 8 labels case 8 labels label NOUN Number=Plur 1 Keep obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep imperative you not said here chemicals chemicals's own bottles with labels vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent chemical=Theme in bottle=Location
Example 6 Baking a cake causes chemical changes in the mixture.
csubj det obj amod obj case det nmod punct root Baking VERB a DET cake NOUN causes VERB chemical ADJ changes NOUN in ADP the DET mixture NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Baking bake VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 causes csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 cake det 3 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 1 Baking obj 4 causes cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 chemical chemical ADJ Degree=Pos 6 changes amod 6 changes change NOUN Number=Plur 4 causes obj 7 in in ADP _ 9 mixture case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 mixture det 9 mixture mixture NOUN Number=Sing 6 changes nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 causes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bake gerund a cake vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Product 2 cause present Baking chemical changes the mixture vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition change=Patient
Example 7 The scientist wore goggles when she used the chemicals.
det nsubj obj advmod nsubj advcl det obj punct root The DET scientist NOUN wore VERB goggles NOUN when ADV she PRON used VERB the DET chemicals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 scientist det 2 scientist scientist NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore nsubj 3 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 goggles goggle NOUN Number=Plur 3 wore obj 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 used advmod 6 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 used nsubj 7 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 wore advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 chemicals det 9 chemicals chemical NOUN Number=Plur 7 used obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past the scientist goggles vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent goggle=Source 2 use past scientist the chemicals vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chemical=Patient
Example 8 Some farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill pests.
det nsubj obj case obl mark advcl obj punct root Some DET farmers NOUN spray VERB chemicals NOUN on ADP crops NOUN to PART kill VERB pests NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 farmers det 2 farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 3 spray nsubj 3 spray spray VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 chemicals chemical NOUN Number=Plur 3 spray obj 5 on on ADP _ 6 crops case 6 crops crop NOUN Number=Plur 3 spray obl 7 to to PART _ 8 kill mark 8 kill kill VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 spray advcl 9 pests pest NOUN Number=Plur 8 kill obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 spray punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spray present some farmers chemicals crops vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent chemical=Theme on crop=Destination 2 kill to-infinitive some farmers not said here pests vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pest=Theme
Example 9 Now, one day Edmund made a new lantern out of something chemical that he sneaked from the school laboratory.
The tree, 19 words advmod punct nummod nsubj appos det amod obj case case compound obl obj nsubj acl:relcl case det compound obl punct root Now ADV , PUNCT one NUM day NOUN Edmund PROPN made VERB a DET new ADJ lantern NOUN out ADP of ADP something PRON chemical NOUN that PRON he PRON sneaked VERB from ADP the DET school NOUN laboratory NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Now now ADV PronType=Dem 6 made advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Now punct 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 day nummod 4 day day NOUN Number=Sing 6 made nsubj 5 Edmund Edmund PROPN Number=Sing 4 day appos 6 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 lantern det 8 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 9 lantern amod 9 lantern lantern NOUN Number=Sing 6 made obj 10 out out ADP _ 13 chemical case 11 of of ADP _ 13 chemical case 12 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 13 chemical compound 13 chemical chemical NOUN Number=Sing 6 made obl 14 that that PRON PronType=Rel 16 sneaked obj 15 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 sneaked nsubj 16 sneaked sneak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 chemical acl:relcl 17 from from ADP _ 20 laboratory case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 laboratory det 19 school school NOUN Number=Sing 20 laboratory compound 20 laboratory laboratory NOUN Number=Sing 16 sneaked obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 6 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past one day a new lantern something chemical now vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset lantern=Product 2 sneak past Edmund something chemical the school laboratory vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent that=Theme from laboratory=Trajectory
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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