chihuahua Who acts: chihuahua, they, it · What happens: be, name, fit, bark, shiver, put · To what, where: small breed, large state, northern Mexico, dog, handbag, little coat
«chihuahua» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: chihuahua in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A chihuahua is a very small breed of dog with big ears and big eyes, the smallest dog breed in the world.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj cop det advmod amod case nmod case amod nmod cc amod conj punct det amod compound conj case det nmod punct root A DET chihuahua NOUN is AUX a DET very ADV small ADJ breed NOUN of ADP dog NOUN with ADP big ADJ ears NOUN and CCONJ big ADJ eyes NOUN , PUNCT the DET smallest ADJ dog NOUN breed NOUN in ADP the DET world NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 chihuahua det 2 chihuahua chihuahua NOUN Number=Sing 7 breed nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 breed cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 breed det 5 very very ADV _ 6 small advmod 6 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 7 breed amod 7 breed breed NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 dog case 9 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 7 breed nmod 10 with with ADP _ 12 ears case 11 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 12 ears amod 12 ears ear NOUN Number=Plur 9 dog nmod 13 and and CCONJ _ 15 eyes cc 14 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 15 eyes amod 15 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 12 ears conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 breed punct 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 breed det 18 smallest small ADJ Degree=Sup 20 breed amod 19 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 20 breed compound 20 breed breed NOUN Number=Sing 7 breed conj 21 in in ADP _ 23 world case 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 world det 23 world world NOUN Number=Sing 20 breed nmod 24 . . PUNCT _ 7 breed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a chihuahua a small breed and the smallest dog breed in the world of dog with big ears and big eyes tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.
Chihuahua is a large state in northern Mexico and a city there, after which the dog is named.
The tree, 18 words nsubj cop det amod case amod nmod cc det conj advmod punct case obl det nsubj:pass aux:pass conj punct root Chihuahua PROPN is AUX a DET large ADJ state NOUN in ADP northern ADJ Mexico PROPN and CCONJ a DET city NOUN there ADV , PUNCT after ADP which PRON the DET dog NOUN is AUX named VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chihuahua Chihuahua PROPN Number=Sing 5 state nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 state cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 state det 4 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 5 state amod 5 state state NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 Mexico case 7 northern northern ADJ Degree=Pos 8 Mexico amod 8 Mexico Mexico PROPN Number=Sing 5 state nmod 9 and and CCONJ _ 11 city cc 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 city det 11 city city NOUN Number=Sing 8 Mexico conj 12 there there ADV PronType=Dem 11 city advmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 19 named punct 14 after after ADP _ 15 which case 15 which which PRON PronType=Rel 19 named obl 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 dog det 17 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 19 named nsubj:pass 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 named aux:pass 19 named name VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 state conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 5 state punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Chihuahua a large state northern Mexico and a city tree rules 2 name present · passive the dog after a large state vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 1 A chihuahua is small enough to fit in a handbag.
det nsubj cop advmod mark advcl case det obl punct root A DET chihuahua NOUN is AUX small ADJ enough ADV to PART fit VERB in ADP a DET handbag NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 chihuahua det 2 chihuahua chihuahua NOUN Number=Sing 4 small nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 small cop 4 small small ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 enough enough ADV _ 4 small advmod 6 to to PART _ 7 fit mark 7 fit fit VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 small advcl 8 in in ADP _ 10 handbag case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 handbag det 10 handbag handbag NOUN Number=Sing 7 fit obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 small punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a chihuahua enough, small property tree rules 2 fit to-infinitive a chihuahua not said here a handbag vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent in handbag=Trajectory
Example 2 Our neighbour's chihuahua barks at the postman.
nmod:poss nmod:poss case nsubj case det obl punct root Our PRON neighbour NOUN 's PART chihuahua NOUN barks VERB at ADP the DET postman NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 neighbour nmod:poss 2 neighbour neighbour NOUN Number=Sing 4 chihuahua nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 neighbour case 4 chihuahua chihuahua NOUN Number=Sing 5 barks nsubj 5 barks bark VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 at at ADP _ 8 postman case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 postman det 8 postman postman NOUN Number=Sing 5 barks obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 barks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bark present Our neighbour's chihuahua at the postman vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at postman=Stimulus
Example 3 The chihuahua shivered, so they put a little coat on it.
det nsubj punct advmod nsubj conj det amod obj case obl punct root The DET chihuahua NOUN shivered VERB , PUNCT so ADV they PRON put VERB a DET little ADJ coat NOUN on ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 chihuahua det 2 chihuahua chihuahua NOUN Number=Sing 3 shivered nsubj 3 shivered shiver VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 put punct 5 so so ADV _ 7 put advmod 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 put nsubj 7 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 shivered conj 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 coat det 9 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 10 coat amod 10 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing 7 put obj 11 on on ADP _ 12 it case 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 put obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 shivered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shiver past the chihuahua vn body_internal_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 put past they a little coat chihuahua vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent coat=Theme on it=Destination
Example 4 Chihuahuas are named after a place in Mexico.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl case nmod punct root Chihuahuas NOUN are AUX named VERB after ADP a DET place NOUN in ADP Mexico PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chihuahuas chihuahua NOUN Number=Plur 3 named nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 named aux:pass 3 named name VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 after after ADP _ 6 place case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 place det 6 place place NOUN Number=Sing 3 named obl 7 in in ADP _ 8 Mexico case 8 Mexico Mexico PROPN Number=Sing 6 place nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 named punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 name present · passive Chihuahuas after a place in Mexico vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 5 Even though it is tiny, the chihuahua acts like a guard dog.
advmod mark nsubj cop advcl punct det nsubj case det compound obl punct root Even ADV though SCONJ it PRON is AUX tiny ADJ , PUNCT the DET chihuahua NOUN acts VERB like ADP a DET guard NOUN dog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Even even ADV _ 9 acts advmod 2 though though SCONJ _ 5 tiny mark 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 tiny nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 tiny cop 5 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 9 acts advcl 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 tiny punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 chihuahua det 8 chihuahua chihuahua NOUN Number=Sing 9 acts nsubj 9 acts act VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 like like ADP _ 13 dog case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 dog det 12 guard guard NOUN Number=Sing 13 dog compound 13 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 9 acts obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 9 acts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present it tiny property tree rules 2 act present the chihuahua like a guard dog vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent like dog=Attribute
Example 6 The chihuahua weighed less than two bags of sugar.
det nsubj advmod case nummod obl case nmod punct root The DET chihuahua NOUN weighed VERB less ADV than ADP two NUM bags NOUN of ADP sugar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 chihuahua det 2 chihuahua chihuahua NOUN Number=Sing 3 weighed nsubj 3 weighed weigh VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 3 weighed advmod 5 than than ADP _ 7 bags case 6 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 bags nummod 7 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 3 weighed obl 8 of of ADP _ 9 sugar case 9 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 7 bags nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 weighed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weigh past the chihuahua than two bags of sugar; less property vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Chihuahua is the biggest state in Mexico.
nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct root Chihuahua PROPN is AUX the DET biggest ADJ state NOUN in ADP Mexico PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chihuahua Chihuahua PROPN Number=Sing 5 state nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 state cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 state det 4 biggest big ADJ Degree=Sup 5 state amod 5 state state NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 Mexico case 7 Mexico Mexico PROPN Number=Sing 5 state nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 state punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Chihuahua the biggest state Mexico tree rules
Example 8 My aunt's chihuahua sleeps on a cushion by the fire.
nmod:poss nmod:poss case nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root My PRON aunt NOUN 's PART chihuahua NOUN sleeps VERB on ADP a DET cushion NOUN by ADP the DET fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 aunt nmod:poss 2 aunt aunt NOUN Number=Sing 4 chihuahua nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 aunt case 4 chihuahua chihuahua NOUN Number=Sing 5 sleeps nsubj 5 sleeps sleep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 on on ADP _ 8 cushion case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 cushion det 8 cushion cushion NOUN Number=Sing 5 sleeps obl 9 by by ADP _ 11 fire case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 fire det 11 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 5 sleeps obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 sleeps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sleep present My aunt's chihuahua a cushion by the fire vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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