circuit Who acts: electrical circuit, that, circuit, route, you, bulb · What happens: be, flow, go round, go, light up, draw · To what, where: complete loop, route, loop, one trip, training exercise, set
«circuit» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: circuit in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An electrical circuit is a complete loop of wires and parts that electricity flows round, from the power source and back again.
The tree, 22 words det amod nsubj cop det amod case nmod cc conj nsubj nsubj parataxis advmod punct case det compound conj cc advmod conj punct root An DET electrical ADJ circuit NOUN is AUX a DET complete ADJ loop NOUN of ADP wires NOUN and CCONJ parts NOUN that PRON electricity NOUN flows VERB round ADV , PUNCT from ADP the DET power NOUN source NOUN and CCONJ back ADV again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 circuit det 2 electrical electrical ADJ Degree=Pos 3 circuit amod 3 circuit circuit NOUN Number=Sing 7 loop nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 loop cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 loop det 6 complete complete ADJ Degree=Pos 7 loop amod 7 loop loop NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 wires case 9 wires wire NOUN Number=Plur 7 loop nmod 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 parts cc 11 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 9 wires conj 12 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 flows nsubj 13 electricity electricity NOUN Number=Sing 14 flows nsubj 14 flows flow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 loop parataxis 15 round round ADV _ 14 flows advmod 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 source punct 17 from from ADP _ 20 source case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 source det 19 power power NOUN Number=Sing 20 source compound 20 source source NOUN Number=Sing 14 flows conj 21 and and CCONJ _ 23 again cc 22 back back ADV _ 23 again advmod 23 again again ADV _ 20 source conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 7 loop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a electrical circuit a complete loop of wires and parts tree rules 2 flow present that round property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A circuit is a route or track that goes round in a loop, like a racing circuit.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det cc conj nsubj acl:relcl advmod case det obl punct case det compound obl punct root A DET circuit NOUN is AUX a DET route NOUN or CCONJ track NOUN that PRON goes VERB round ADV in ADP a DET loop NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET racing NOUN circuit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 circuit det 2 circuit circuit NOUN Number=Sing 5 route nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 route cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 route det 5 route route NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 track cc 7 track track NOUN Number=Sing 5 route conj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 goes nsubj 9 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 route acl:relcl 10 round round ADV _ 9 goes advmod 11 in in ADP _ 13 loop case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 loop det 13 loop loop NOUN Number=Sing 9 goes obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 18 circuit punct 15 like like ADP _ 18 circuit case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 circuit det 17 racing racing NOUN Number=Sing 18 circuit compound 18 circuit circuit NOUN Number=Sing 9 goes obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 route punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a circuit a route or track tree rules 2 go round present a route or track a loop like a racing circuit; round property vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in loop=Location
Meaning 3 A circuit is one trip round such a loop.
det nsubj cop nummod case det:predet det nmod punct root A DET circuit NOUN is AUX one NUM trip NOUN round ADP such DET a DET loop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 circuit det 2 circuit circuit NOUN Number=Sing 5 trip nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 trip cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 trip nummod 5 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 round round ADP _ 9 loop case 7 such such DET PronType=Ind 9 loop det:predet 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 loop det 9 loop loop NOUN Number=Sing 5 trip nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 trip punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a circuit one trip round such loop tree rules
Meaning 4 Circuit training is exercise where you go round a set of different activities.
compound compound cop advmod nsubj acl:relcl case det obl case amod nmod punct root Circuit NOUN training NOUN is AUX exercise NOUN where ADV you PRON go VERB round ADP a DET set NOUN of ADP different ADJ activities NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Circuit circuit NOUN Number=Sing 2 training compound 2 training training NOUN Number=Sing 4 exercise compound 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 exercise cop 4 exercise exercise NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 where where ADV PronType=Rel 7 go advmod 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 go nsubj 7 go go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 exercise acl:relcl 8 round round ADP _ 10 set case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 set det 10 set set NOUN Number=Sing 7 go obl 11 of of ADP _ 13 activities case 12 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 13 activities amod 13 activities activity NOUN Number=Plur 10 set nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 exercise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present training exercise tree rules 2 go present you a set of different activities vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme round set=Initial_Location
Example 1 The bulb lights up only when the circuit is complete.
det nsubj compound:prt advmod advmod det nsubj cop advcl punct root The DET bulb NOUN lights VERB up ADP only ADV when ADV the DET circuit NOUN is AUX complete ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bulb det 2 bulb bulb NOUN Number=Sing 3 lights nsubj 3 lights light VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 up up ADP _ 3 lights compound:prt 5 only only ADV _ 10 complete advmod 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 10 complete advmod 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 circuit det 8 circuit circuit NOUN Number=Sing 10 complete nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 complete cop 10 complete complete ADJ Degree=Pos 3 lights advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 lights punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 light up present the bulb vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 is present the circuit complete property tree rules
Example 2 Draw a circuit diagram with a cell, a switch and a bulb.
det compound obj case det obl punct det conj cc det conj punct root Draw VERB a DET circuit NOUN diagram NOUN with ADP a DET cell NOUN , PUNCT a DET switch NOUN and CCONJ a DET bulb NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Draw draw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 diagram det 3 circuit circuit NOUN Number=Sing 4 diagram compound 4 diagram diagram NOUN Number=Sing 1 Draw obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 cell case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 cell det 7 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 1 Draw obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 switch punct 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 switch det 10 switch switch NOUN Number=Sing 7 cell conj 11 and and CCONJ _ 13 bulb cc 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 bulb det 13 bulb bulb NOUN Number=Sing 7 cell conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 1 Draw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw imperative you not said here a circuit diagram with a cell and a switch and a bulb vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent diagram=Theme
Example 3 If you open the switch, the circuit is broken.
mark nsubj advcl det obj punct det nsubj:pass aux:pass punct root If SCONJ you PRON open VERB the DET switch NOUN , PUNCT the DET circuit NOUN is AUX broken VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 open mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 open nsubj 3 open open VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 broken advcl 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 switch det 5 switch switch NOUN Number=Sing 3 open obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 open punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 circuit det 8 circuit circuit NOUN Number=Sing 10 broken nsubj:pass 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 broken aux:pass 10 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 broken punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 open a condition, not said to happen present you the switch vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location switch=Theme 2 break present · passive the circuit vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 4 We ran three circuits of the field.
nsubj nummod obj case det nmod punct root We PRON ran VERB three NUM circuits NOUN of ADP the DET field NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 ran nsubj 2 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 circuits nummod 4 circuits circuit NOUN Number=Plur 2 ran obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 field case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 field det 7 field field NOUN Number=Sing 4 circuits nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 ran punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run past We three circuits of the field vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme circuit=Trajectory
Example 5 The racing cars sped round the circuit.
det compound nsubj case det obl punct root The DET racing NOUN cars NOUN sped VERB round ADP the DET circuit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 cars det 2 racing racing NOUN Number=Sing 3 cars compound 3 cars car NOUN Number=Plur 4 sped nsubj 4 sped speed VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 round round ADP _ 7 circuit case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 circuit det 7 circuit circuit NOUN Number=Sing 4 sped obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 sped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speed participle the racing cars the circuit vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round circuit=Trajectory
Example 6 In PE we did circuit training.
case obl nsubj aux obj punct root In ADP PE NOUN we PRON did AUX circuit VERB training NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 PE case 2 PE pe NOUN Number=Sing 5 circuit obl 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 circuit nsubj 4 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 circuit aux 5 circuit circuit VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 training training NOUN Number=Sing 5 circuit obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 circuit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 circuit past · do-support we training PE tree rules
Example 7 A short circuit can start a fire.
det amod nsubj aux det obj punct root A DET short ADJ circuit NOUN can AUX start VERB a DET fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 circuit det 2 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 3 circuit amod 3 circuit circuit NOUN Number=Sing 5 start nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 start aux 5 start start VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 fire det 7 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 5 start obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 start punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 start can a short circuit a fire vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Eventuality
Example 8 Never make circuits with mains electricity; only use batteries.
advmod obj case compound obl punct advmod conj obj punct root Never ADV make VERB circuits NOUN with ADP mains NOUN electricity NOUN ; PUNCT only ADV use VERB batteries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 make advmod 2 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 circuits circuit NOUN Number=Plur 2 make obj 4 with with ADP _ 6 electricity case 5 mains main NOUN Number=Plur 6 electricity compound 6 electricity electricity NOUN Number=Sing 2 make obl 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 use punct 8 only only ADV _ 9 use advmod 9 use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 make conj 10 batteries battery NOUN Number=Plur 9 use obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not make imperative you not said here circuits with mains electricity vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset circuit=Product 2 use infinitive you not said here batteries vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battery=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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