cochineal Who acts: tiny scale insects, deep red dye, Cochineal, tiny insects, Aztecs, Vegetarians · What happens: make, live, use, colour, make up, come · To what, where: deep red dye, prickly pear cacti, food, bright red colour, pink icing, cacti
«cochineal» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cochineal in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A deep red dye made from tiny scale insects that live on prickly pear cacti, used to colour food, drinks, make-up and cloth.
The tree, 24 words det amod amod nsubj acl case amod compound obl nsubj acl:relcl case amod compound obl punct acl mark advcl obj punct conj punct punct compound:prt cc conj punct root A DET deep ADJ red ADJ dye NOUN made VERB from ADP tiny ADJ scale NOUN insects NOUN that PRON live VERB on ADP prickly ADJ pear NOUN cacti NOUN , PUNCT used VERB to PART colour VERB food NOUN , PUNCT drinks NOUN , PUNCT make VERB - PUNCT up ADP and CCONJ cloth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 dye det 2 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 4 dye amod 3 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 4 dye amod 4 dye dye NOUN Number=Sing 24 make nsubj 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 dye acl 6 from from ADP _ 9 insects case 7 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 9 insects amod 8 scale scale NOUN Number=Sing 9 insects compound 9 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 5 made obl 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 live nsubj 11 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 insects acl:relcl 12 on on ADP _ 15 cacti case 13 prickly prickly ADJ Degree=Pos 15 cacti amod 14 pear pear NOUN Number=Sing 15 cacti compound 15 cacti cactus NOUN Number=Plur 11 live obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 used punct 17 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 15 cacti acl 18 to to PART _ 19 colour mark 19 colour colour VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 used advcl 20 food food NOUN Number=Sing 19 colour obj 21 , , PUNCT _ 22 drinks punct 22 drinks drink NOUN Number=Plur 20 food conj 23 , , PUNCT _ 24 make punct 24 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 25 - - PUNCT _ 26 up punct 26 up up ADP _ 24 make compound:prt 27 and and CCONJ _ 28 cloth cc 28 cloth cloth NOUN Number=Sing 24 make conj 29 . . PUNCT _ 24 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make participle a deep red dye not said here from tiny scale insects vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from insect=Material 2 live present tiny scale insects prickly pear cacti vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on cactus=Location 3 use participle prickly pear cacti not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 colour to-infinitive food and drinks tree rules 5 make up infinitive a deep red dye vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The insect itself.
det nmod:unmarked punct root The DET insect NOUN itself PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 insect det 2 insect insect NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 itself itself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes 2 insect nmod:unmarked 4 . . PUNCT _ 2 insect punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 Cochineal makes a bright red colour.
nsubj det amod amod obj punct root Cochineal NOUN makes VERB a DET bright ADJ red ADJ colour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cochineal cochineal NOUN Number=Sing 2 makes nsubj 2 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 colour det 4 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 6 colour amod 5 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 6 colour amod 6 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 2 makes obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Cochineal a bright red colour vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset colour=Product
Example 2 The pink icing was coloured with cochineal.
det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET pink ADJ icing NOUN was AUX coloured VERB with ADP cochineal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 icing det 2 pink pink ADJ Degree=Pos 3 icing amod 3 icing icing NOUN Number=Sing 5 coloured nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 coloured aux:pass 5 coloured colour VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 with with ADP _ 7 cochineal case 7 cochineal cochineal NOUN Number=Sing 5 coloured obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 coloured punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 colour past · passive the pink icing with cochineal tree rules
Example 3 Cochineal comes from tiny insects that live on cacti.
nsubj case amod obl nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct root Cochineal NOUN comes VERB from ADP tiny ADJ insects NOUN that PRON live VERB on ADP cacti NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cochineal cochineal NOUN Number=Sing 2 comes nsubj 2 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 from from ADP _ 5 insects case 4 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 5 insects amod 5 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 2 comes obl 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 live nsubj 7 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 insects acl:relcl 8 on on ADP _ 9 cacti case 9 cacti cactus NOUN Number=Plur 7 live obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present Cochineal from tiny insects vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from insect=Initial_Location 2 live present tiny insects cacti vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on cactus=Location
Example 4 The Aztecs used cochineal to dye cloth.
det nsubj obj mark xcomp obj punct root The DET Aztecs PROPN used VERB cochineal NOUN to PART dye VERB cloth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Aztecs det 2 Aztecs Aztec PROPN Number=Plur 3 used nsubj 3 used use VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 cochineal cochineal NOUN Number=Sing 3 used obj 5 to to PART _ 6 dye mark 6 dye dye VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 used xcomp 7 cloth cloth NOUN Number=Sing 6 dye obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past the Aztecs cochineal vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent cochineal=Theme clause=Eventuality 2 dye to-infinitive the Aztecs not said here cloth vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cloth=Patient
Example 5 Vegetarians check labels for cochineal.
nsubj obj case obl punct root Vegetarians NOUN check VERB labels NOUN for ADP cochineal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Vegetarians vegetarian NOUN Number=Plur 2 check nsubj 2 check check VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 labels label NOUN Number=Plur 2 check obj 4 for for ADP _ 5 cochineal case 5 cochineal cochineal NOUN Number=Sing 2 check obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 check punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 check present Vegetarians labels for cochineal vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent label=Theme for cochineal=Attribute
Example 6 It takes thousands of insects to make a little cochineal.
nsubj obj case nmod mark advcl det amod obj punct root It PRON takes VERB thousands NOUN of ADP insects NOUN to PART make VERB a DET little ADJ cochineal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 takes nsubj 2 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 thousands thousand NOUN Number=Plur 2 takes obj 4 of of ADP _ 5 insects case 5 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 3 thousands nmod 6 to to PART _ 7 make mark 7 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 takes advcl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 cochineal det 9 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 10 cochineal amod 10 cochineal cochineal NOUN Number=Sing 7 make obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 takes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take present It thousands of insects vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thousand=Theme 2 make to-infinitive a little cochineal vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cochineal=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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