cog Who acts: cog, person, cogs, big cog, small cog, missing tooth · What happens: be, call, have, feel, cog, mean · To what, where: one, whole wheel, person, small part, big organisation, places · Speech: someone speaks here
«cog» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cog in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A cog is one of the teeth around the edge of a wheel in a machine; a whole wheel with teeth is also called a cog or cogwheel (gear).
The tree, 29 words det nsubj cop case det nmod case det nmod case det nmod case det nmod punct det amod nsubj:pass case nmod aux:pass advmod parataxis det xcomp cc conj punct appos punct punct root A DET cog NOUN is AUX one NUM of ADP the DET teeth NOUN around ADP the DET edge NOUN of ADP a DET wheel NOUN in ADP a DET machine NOUN ; PUNCT a DET whole ADJ wheel NOUN with ADP teeth NOUN is AUX also ADV called VERB a DET cog NOUN or CCONJ cogwheel NOUN ( PUNCT gear NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cog det 2 cog cog NOUN Number=Sing 4 one nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 one cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 teeth case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 teeth det 7 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 4 one nmod 8 around around ADP _ 10 edge case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 edge det 10 edge edge NOUN Number=Sing 7 teeth nmod 11 of of ADP _ 13 wheel case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 wheel det 13 wheel wheel NOUN Number=Sing 10 edge nmod 14 in in ADP _ 16 machine case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 machine det 16 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 13 wheel nmod 17 ; ; PUNCT _ 25 called punct 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 wheel det 19 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 20 wheel amod 20 wheel wheel NOUN Number=Sing 25 called nsubj:pass 21 with with ADP _ 22 teeth case 22 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 20 wheel nmod 23 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 25 called aux:pass 24 also also ADV _ 25 called advmod 25 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 one parataxis 26 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 27 cog det 27 cog cog NOUN Number=Sing 25 called xcomp 28 or or CCONJ _ 29 cogwheel cc 29 cogwheel cogwheel NOUN Number=Sing 27 cog conj 30 ( ( PUNCT _ 31 gear punct 31 gear gear NOUN Number=Sing 29 cogwheel appos 32 ) ) PUNCT _ 31 gear punct 33 . . PUNCT _ 4 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cog one of the teeth around the edge of a wheel in a machine tree rules 2 call present · passive a whole wheel with teeth vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: figurative — kept apart, not parsed.
«A cog in the machine» is a person who has a small part in a big organisation and feels unimportant.
The tree, 20 words punct det nsubj case det nmod punct cop det nsubj acl:relcl det amod obj case det amod obl cc conj xcomp punct root « PUNCT A DET cog NOUN in ADP the DET machine NOUN » PUNCT is AUX a DET person NOUN who PRON has VERB a DET small ADJ part NOUN in ADP a DET big ADJ organisation NOUN and CCONJ feels VERB unimportant ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 cog punct 2 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 cog det 3 cog cog NOUN Number=Sing 10 person nsubj 4 in in ADP _ 6 machine case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 machine det 6 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 3 cog nmod 7 » » PUNCT _ 3 cog punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 person cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 person det 10 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 who who PRON PronType=Rel 12 has nsubj 12 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 person acl:relcl 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 part det 14 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 15 part amod 15 part part NOUN Number=Sing 12 has obj 16 in in ADP _ 19 organisation case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 organisation det 18 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 19 organisation amod 19 organisation organisation NOUN Number=Sing 12 has obl 20 and and CCONJ _ 21 feels cc 21 feels feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 has conj 22 unimportant unimportant ADJ Degree=Pos 21 feels xcomp 23 . . PUNCT _ 10 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cog in the machine a person tree rules 2 have present a person a small part a big organisation vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Patient 3 feel present a person not said here unimportant property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Meaning 3 Usage: UK, slang — kept apart, not parsed.
In some places, «to cog» means to copy someone's homework.
The tree, 11 words case det obl punct punct mark nsubj punct mark xcomp nmod:poss case obj punct root In ADP some DET places NOUN , PUNCT « PUNCT to PART cog VERB » PUNCT means VERB to PART copy VERB someone PRON 's PART homework NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 places case 2 some some DET PronType=Ind 3 places det 3 places place NOUN Number=Plur 9 means obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 places punct 5 « « PUNCT _ 7 cog punct 6 to to PART _ 7 cog mark 7 cog cog VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 9 means nsubj 8 » » PUNCT _ 7 cog punct 9 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 to to PART _ 11 copy mark 11 copy copy VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 means xcomp 12 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 homework nmod:poss 13 's 's PART _ 12 someone case 14 homework homework NOUN Number=Sing 11 copy obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 9 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cog in a quote to-infinitive tree rules 2 mean present some places vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 copy not said to happen to-infinitive someone's homework vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Theme
Example 1 The clock's cogs turned slowly behind the glass.
det nmod:poss case nsubj advmod case det obl punct root The DET clock NOUN 's PART cogs NOUN turned VERB slowly ADV behind ADP the DET glass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 clock det 2 clock clock NOUN Number=Sing 4 cogs nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 clock case 4 cogs cog NOUN Number=Plur 5 turned nsubj 5 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 slowly slowly ADV _ 5 turned advmod 7 behind behind ADP _ 9 glass case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 glass det 9 glass glass NOUN Number=Sing 5 turned obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn past the clock's cogs the glass slowly property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme behind glass=Trajectory
Example 2 When the big cog turns once, the small cog turns three times.
mark det amod nsubj advcl advmod punct det amod nsubj nummod obl:unmarked punct root When SCONJ the DET big ADJ cog NOUN turns VERB once ADV , PUNCT the DET small ADJ cog NOUN turns VERB three NUM times NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when SCONJ _ 5 turns mark 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 cog det 3 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 4 cog amod 4 cog cog NOUN Number=Sing 5 turns nsubj 5 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 turns advcl 6 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 5 turns advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 5 turns punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 cog det 9 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 10 cog amod 10 cog cog NOUN Number=Sing 11 turns nsubj 11 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 13 times nummod 13 times time NOUN Number=Plur 11 turns obl:unmarked 14 . . PUNCT _ 11 turns punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn present the big cog once property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 2 turn present the small cog time vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 A missing tooth on the cog jammed the machine.
det amod nsubj case det nmod det obj punct root A DET missing ADJ tooth NOUN on ADP the DET cog NOUN jammed VERB the DET machine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 tooth det 2 missing missing ADJ Degree=Pos 3 tooth amod 3 tooth tooth NOUN Number=Sing 7 jammed nsubj 4 on on ADP _ 6 cog case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 cog det 6 cog cog NOUN Number=Sing 3 tooth nmod 7 jammed jam VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 machine det 9 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 7 jammed obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 jammed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jam past a missing tooth on the cog the machine vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme machine=Destination
Example 4 You could see the cogs turning in his head as he worked out the puzzle.
The tree, 15 words nsubj aux det obj acl case nmod:poss obl mark nsubj advcl compound:prt det obj punct root You PRON could AUX see VERB the DET cogs NOUN turning VERB in ADP his PRON head NOUN as SCONJ he PRON worked VERB out ADP the DET puzzle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 see nsubj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 see aux 3 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 cogs det 5 cogs cog NOUN Number=Plur 3 see obj 6 turning turn VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 cogs acl 7 in in ADP _ 9 head case 8 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 head nmod:poss 9 head head NOUN Number=Sing 6 turning obl 10 as as SCONJ _ 12 worked mark 11 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 worked nsubj 12 worked work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 turning advcl 13 out out ADP _ 12 worked compound:prt 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 puzzle det 15 puzzle puzzle NOUN Number=Sing 12 worked obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see could You the cogs vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cog=Stimulus 2 turn gerund the cogs not said here his head vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in head=Trajectory 3 work out past he the puzzle vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puzzle=Topic
Example 5 He felt like a tiny cog in a huge company.
nsubj case det amod obl case det amod obl punct root He PRON felt VERB like ADP a DET tiny ADJ cog NOUN in ADP a DET huge ADJ company NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 felt nsubj 2 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 like like ADP _ 6 cog case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 cog det 5 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 6 cog amod 6 cog cog NOUN Number=Sing 2 felt obl 7 in in ADP _ 10 company case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 company det 9 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 10 company amod 10 company company NOUN Number=Sing 2 felt obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel past He a huge company like a tiny cog vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V S»: agent=Agent like cog=Theme
Example 6 We built a cog model from cardboard and pins.
nsubj det compound obj case obl cc conj punct root We PRON built VERB a DET cog NOUN model NOUN from ADP cardboard NOUN and CCONJ pins NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 built nsubj 2 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 model det 4 cog cog NOUN Number=Sing 5 model compound 5 model model NOUN Number=Sing 2 built obj 6 from from ADP _ 7 cardboard case 7 cardboard cardboard NOUN Number=Sing 2 built obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 pins cc 9 pins pin NOUN Number=Plur 7 cardboard conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past We a cog model cardboard and pins vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent model=Product from cardboard=Material
Example 7 The bike's chain runs over cogs at the back wheel.
det nmod:poss case nsubj case obl case det compound obl punct root The DET bike NOUN 's PART chain NOUN runs VERB over ADP cogs NOUN at ADP the DET back NOUN wheel NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bike det 2 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 4 chain nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 bike case 4 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 5 runs nsubj 5 runs run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 over over ADP _ 7 cogs case 7 cogs cog NOUN Number=Plur 5 runs obl 8 at at ADP _ 11 wheel case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 wheel det 10 back back NOUN Number=Sing 11 wheel compound 11 wheel wheel NOUN Number=Sing 5 runs obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 runs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run present the bike's chain cogs at the back wheel vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over cog=Trajectory
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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