crank Who acts: you, person, crank, Earth, drivers, bike · What happens: bend, turn, make, fix, not listen, think · To what, where: bar, right angle, handle, machine work, evidence, crank · Speech: someone speaks here
«crank» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crank in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.
A handle or bar bent at a right angle that you turn round and round to make a machine work, like on an old car engine, a pencil sharpener or a jack-in-the-box.
The tree, 35 words det cc conj acl case det amod obl obj nsubj acl:relcl advmod cc conj mark advcl det compound obj punct case case det amod compound nmod punct det compound conj cc det nsubj punct case punct det punct conj punct root A DET handle NOUN or CCONJ bar NOUN bent VERB at ADP a DET right ADJ angle NOUN that PRON you PRON turn VERB round ADV and CCONJ round ADV to PART make VERB a DET machine NOUN work NOUN , PUNCT like ADP on ADP an DET old ADJ car NOUN engine NOUN , PUNCT a DET pencil NOUN sharpener NOUN or CCONJ a DET jack NOUN - PUNCT in ADP - PUNCT the DET - PUNCT box NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 handle det 2 handle handle NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 bar cc 4 bar bar NOUN Number=Sing 2 handle conj 5 bent bend VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 bar acl 6 at at ADP _ 9 angle case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 angle det 8 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 9 angle amod 9 angle angle NOUN Number=Sing 5 bent obl 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 turn obj 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 turn nsubj 12 turn turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 handle acl:relcl 13 round round ADV _ 12 turn advmod 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 round cc 15 round round ADV _ 13 round conj 16 to to PART _ 17 make mark 17 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 turn advcl 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 work det 19 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 20 work compound 20 work work NOUN Number=Sing 17 make obj 21 , , PUNCT _ 27 engine punct 22 like like ADP _ 27 engine case 23 on on ADP _ 27 engine case 24 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 27 engine det 25 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 27 engine amod 26 car car NOUN Number=Sing 27 engine compound 27 engine engine NOUN Number=Sing 20 work nmod 28 , , PUNCT _ 31 sharpener punct 29 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 31 sharpener det 30 pencil pencil NOUN Number=Sing 31 sharpener compound 31 sharpener sharpener NOUN Number=Sing 27 engine conj 32 or or CCONJ _ 40 box cc 33 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 40 box det 34 jack jack NOUN Number=Sing 40 box nsubj 35 - - PUNCT _ 40 box punct 36 in in ADP _ 40 box case 37 - - PUNCT _ 36 in punct 38 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 40 box det 39 - - PUNCT _ 38 the punct 40 box box NOUN Number=Sing 31 sharpener conj 41 . . PUNCT _ 2 handle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bend participle bar not said here a right angle vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at angle=Location 2 turn present you a handle or bar round property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent that=Theme 3 make to-infinitive you not said here a machine work like a old car engine and a pencil sharpener or a box vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset work=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: noun, informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A person with strange, fixed ideas who will not listen to evidence: «a crank who thinks the Earth is flat».
The tree, 20 words det case nmod punct amod conj nsubj aux advmod acl:relcl mark obj punct punct det appos nsubj acl:relcl det nsubj cop ccomp punct punct root A DET person NOUN with ADP strange ADJ , PUNCT fixed VERB ideas NOUN who PRON will AUX not PART listen VERB to PART evidence NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT a DET crank NOUN who PRON thinks VERB the DET Earth PROPN is AUX flat ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 with with ADP _ 4 strange case 4 strange strange ADJ Degree=Pos 2 person nmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 ideas punct 6 fixed fix VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 ideas amod 7 ideas idea NOUN Number=Plur 2 person conj 8 who who PRON PronType=Rel 11 listen nsubj 9 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 listen aux 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 listen advmod 11 listen listen VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 person acl:relcl 12 to to PART _ 13 evidence mark 13 evidence evidence NOUN Number=Sing 11 listen obj 14 : : PUNCT _ 17 crank punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 17 crank punct 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 crank det 17 crank crank NOUN Number=Sing 13 evidence appos 18 who who PRON PronType=Rel 19 thinks nsubj 19 thinks think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 crank acl:relcl 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 Earth det 21 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 23 flat nsubj 22 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 flat cop 23 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 19 thinks ccomp 24 » » PUNCT _ 23 flat punct 25 . . PUNCT _ 2 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fix participle vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient 2 not listen future a person with strange and fixed ideas evidence tree rules 3 think speech: other in a quote present a crank vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 is in a quote present the Earth flat property tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: noun, US, informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A grumpy, bad-tempered person.
det amod punct compound punct amod punct root A DET grumpy ADJ , PUNCT bad ADJ - PUNCT tempered VERB person NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 person det 2 grumpy grumpy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 person amod 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 grumpy punct 4 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 6 tempered compound 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 bad punct 6 tempered temper VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 person amod 7 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 temper participle tree rules
Meaning 4 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To turn a crank to start or move something: «crank the handle».
The tree, 12 words mark det obj mark advcl cc conj obj punct punct appos det obj punct punct root To PART turn VERB a DET crank NOUN to PART start VERB or CCONJ move VERB something PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT crank VERB the DET handle NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 turn mark 2 turn turn VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 crank det 4 crank crank NOUN Number=Sing 2 turn obj 5 to to PART _ 6 start mark 6 start start VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 turn advcl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 move cc 8 move move VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 start conj 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 move obj 10 : : PUNCT _ 12 crank punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 12 crank punct 12 crank crank VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 9 something appos 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 handle det 14 handle handle NOUN Number=Sing 12 crank obj 15 » » PUNCT _ 12 crank punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 turn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn to-infinitive a crank vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent crank=Theme 2 start to-infinitive vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 3 move infinitive something vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent something=Theme 4 crank in a quote infinitive the handle tree rules
Meaning 5 Usage: verb, informal — kept apart, not parsed.
Crank up: to turn up the volume, heat or power: «crank up the music».
The tree, 14 words nsubj compound:prt punct mark compound:prt det obj punct conj cc conj punct punct conj compound:prt det obj punct punct root Crank NOUN up ADP : PUNCT to PART turn VERB up ADP the DET volume NOUN , PUNCT heat NOUN or CCONJ power NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT crank VERB up ADP the DET music NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crank crank NOUN Number=Sing 5 turn nsubj 2 up up ADP _ 1 Crank compound:prt 3 : : PUNCT _ 5 turn punct 4 to to PART _ 5 turn mark 5 turn turn VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 up up ADP _ 5 turn compound:prt 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 volume det 8 volume volume NOUN Number=Sing 5 turn obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 heat punct 10 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 8 volume conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 power cc 12 power power NOUN Number=Sing 8 volume conj 13 : : PUNCT _ 15 crank punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 15 crank punct 15 crank crank VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 turn conj 16 up up ADP _ 15 crank compound:prt 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 music det 18 music music NOUN Number=Sing 15 crank obj 19 » » PUNCT _ 15 crank punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 5 turn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn up to-infinitive Crank the volume and heat or power vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location volume=Theme 2 crank up in a quote infinitive Crank not said here the music tree rules
Meaning 6 Usage: slang, US — kept apart, not parsed.
Crank: a slang name for an illegal drug (methamphetamine) — dangerous and against the law.
The tree, 14 words nsubj punct det compound case det amod nmod punct appos punct punct parataxis cc case det conj punct root Crank NOUN : PUNCT a DET slang NOUN name NOUN for ADP an DET illegal ADJ drug NOUN ( PUNCT methamphetamine NOUN ) PUNCT — PUNCT dangerous ADJ and CCONJ against ADP the DET law NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crank crank NOUN Number=Sing 5 name nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 5 name punct 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 name det 4 slang slang NOUN Number=Sing 5 name compound 5 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 for for ADP _ 9 drug case 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 drug det 8 illegal illegal ADJ Degree=Pos 9 drug amod 9 drug drug NOUN Number=Sing 5 name nmod 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 methamphetamine punct 11 methamphetamine methamphetamine NOUN Number=Sing 9 drug appos 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 methamphetamine punct 13 — - PUNCT _ 14 dangerous punct 14 dangerous dangerous ADJ Degree=Pos 5 name parataxis 15 and and CCONJ _ 18 law cc 16 against against ADP _ 18 law case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 law det 18 law law NOUN Number=Sing 14 dangerous conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 name punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 In the old days, drivers had to crank the engine by hand.
case det amod obl punct nsubj mark xcomp det obj case obl punct root In ADP the DET old ADJ days NOUN , PUNCT drivers NOUN had VERB to PART crank VERB the DET engine NOUN by ADP hand NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 days case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 days det 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 days amod 4 days day NOUN Number=Plur 7 had obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 days punct 6 drivers driver NOUN Number=Plur 7 had nsubj 7 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 to to PART _ 9 crank mark 9 crank crank VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 had xcomp 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 engine det 11 engine engine NOUN Number=Sing 9 crank obj 12 by by ADP _ 13 hand case 13 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 9 crank obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past drivers day tree rules 2 crank to-infinitive drivers not said here the engine by hand tree rules
Example 2 The pedals of a bike are attached to cranks.
det nsubj:pass case det nmod aux:pass case obl punct root The DET pedals NOUN of ADP a DET bike NOUN are AUX attached VERB to ADP cranks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pedals det 2 pedals pedal NOUN Number=Plur 7 attached nsubj:pass 3 of of ADP _ 5 bike case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bike det 5 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 2 pedals nmod 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 attached aux:pass 7 attached attach VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 to to ADP _ 9 cranks case 9 cranks crank NOUN Number=Plur 7 attached obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 attached punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 attach present · passive the pedals of a bike to cranks vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient to crank=Co-Patient 2 pedal a bike nom pedal «communication intransitive»: of=agent
Example 3 Turn the crank and the music box plays.
det obj cc det compound nsubj conj punct root Turn VERB the DET crank NOUN and CCONJ the DET music NOUN box NOUN plays VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Turn turn VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 crank det 3 crank crank NOUN Number=Sing 1 Turn obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 8 plays cc 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 box det 6 music music NOUN Number=Sing 7 box compound 7 box box NOUN Number=Sing 8 plays nsubj 8 plays play VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Turn conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Turn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn imperative you not said here the crank vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent crank=Theme 2 play present the music box vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Can you crank up the heating? It's freezing.
Sentence 1: Can you crank up the heating?
aux nsubj compound:prt det obj punct root Can AUX you PRON crank VERB up ADP the DET heating NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 crank aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 crank nsubj 3 crank crank VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 up up ADP _ 3 crank compound:prt 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 heating det 6 heating heating NOUN Number=Sing 3 crank obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 crank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crank up can you the heating tree rules
Sentence 2: It's freezing.
nsubj aux punct root It PRON 's AUX freezing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 freezing nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 freezing aux 3 freezing freeze VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 . . PUNCT _ 3 freezing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 freeze present · progressive heating vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 5 Some cranks still claim the Earth is flat.
det nsubj advmod det nsubj cop ccomp punct root Some DET cranks NOUN still ADV claim VERB the DET Earth PROPN is AUX flat ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 cranks det 2 cranks crank NOUN Number=Plur 4 claim nsubj 3 still still ADV _ 4 claim advmod 4 claim claim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Earth det 6 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 8 flat nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 flat cop 8 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 4 claim ccomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 claim punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 claim speech: other present some cranks still vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is present the Earth flat property tree rules
Example 6 Grandpa is a bit of a crank before his morning coffee.
nsubj cop det case det nmod case nmod:poss compound nmod punct root Grandpa NOUN is AUX a DET bit NOUN of ADP a DET crank NOUN before ADP his PRON morning NOUN coffee NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa grandpa NOUN Number=Sing 4 bit nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 bit cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 bit det 4 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 crank case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 crank det 7 crank crank NOUN Number=Sing 4 bit nmod 8 before before ADP _ 11 coffee case 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 coffee nmod:poss 10 morning morning NOUN Number=Sing 11 coffee compound 11 coffee coffee NOUN Number=Sing 7 crank nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 bit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Grandpa a bit of a crank before his morning coffee tree rules
Example 7 The factory cranks out thousands of toys a day.
det nsubj compound:prt obj case nmod det obl:unmarked punct root The DET factory NOUN cranks VERB out ADP thousands NOUN of ADP toys NOUN a DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 factory det 2 factory factory NOUN Number=Sing 3 cranks nsubj 3 cranks crank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 out out ADP _ 3 cranks compound:prt 5 thousands thousand NOUN Number=Plur 3 cranks obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 toys case 7 toys toy NOUN Number=Plur 5 thousands nmod 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 day det 9 day day NOUN Number=Sing 3 cranks obl:unmarked 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 cranks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crank out present the factory thousands of toys day tree rules
Example 8 Don't make crank calls; it is mean and can be illegal.
aux advmod amod obj punct nsubj cop parataxis cc aux cop conj punct root Do AUX n't PART make VERB crank ADJ calls NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX mean ADJ and CCONJ can AUX be AUX illegal ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 make aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 make advmod 3 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 crank crank ADJ Degree=Pos 5 calls amod 5 calls call NOUN Number=Plur 3 make obj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 mean punct 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 mean nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 mean cop 9 mean mean ADJ Degree=Pos 3 make parataxis 10 and and CCONJ _ 13 illegal cc 11 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 13 illegal aux 12 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 13 illegal cop 13 illegal illegal ADJ Degree=Pos 9 mean conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not make imperative · do-support you not said here crank calls vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset call=Product 2 is present it mean property tree rules 3 is can illegal property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous cranenext → crankshaft↑ back to C in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/crank/