crash Who acts: crash, vehicle, computer, you, car, We · What happens: be, hit, fall, break, crash, stop · To what, where: accident, something, sudden loud noise, tree, crash, kitchen
«crash» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crash in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A crash is an accident when a vehicle hits something hard.
det nsubj cop det mark det nsubj advcl obj amod punct root A DET crash NOUN is AUX an DET accident NOUN when SCONJ a DET vehicle NOUN hits VERB something PRON hard ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 crash det 2 crash crash NOUN Number=Sing 5 accident nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 accident cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 accident det 5 accident accident NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 when when SCONJ _ 9 hits mark 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 vehicle det 8 vehicle vehicle NOUN Number=Sing 9 hits nsubj 9 hits hit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 accident advcl 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 hits obj 11 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 10 something amod 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 accident punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a crash a accident tree rules 2 hit present a vehicle something vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Co-Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A crash is a sudden loud noise of something falling or breaking.
det nsubj cop det amod amod case nmod acl cc conj punct root A DET crash NOUN is AUX a DET sudden ADJ loud ADJ noise NOUN of ADP something PRON falling VERB or CCONJ breaking VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 crash det 2 crash crash NOUN Number=Sing 7 noise nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 noise cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 noise det 5 sudden sudden ADJ Degree=Pos 7 noise amod 6 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 7 noise amod 7 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 something case 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 noise nmod 10 falling fall VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 something acl 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 breaking cc 12 breaking break VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 falling conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 noise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a crash a sudden loud noise of something tree rules 2 fall gerund vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 break gerund vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 To crash is to hit something hard, or to fall with a loud noise.
The tree, 14 words mark csubj cop mark obj amod punct cc mark conj case det amod obl punct root To PART crash VERB is AUX to PART hit VERB something PRON hard ADJ , PUNCT or CCONJ to PART fall VERB with ADP a DET loud ADJ noise NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 crash mark 2 crash crash VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 hit csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 hit cop 4 to to PART _ 5 hit mark 5 hit hit VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 hit obj 7 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 6 something amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 fall punct 9 or or CCONJ _ 11 fall cc 10 to to PART _ 11 fall mark 11 fall fall VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 hit conj 12 with with ADP _ 15 noise case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 noise det 14 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 15 noise amod 15 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing 11 fall obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crash to-infinitive vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is present hit property tree rules 3 fall to-infinitive with a loud noise vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 4 When a computer crashes, it suddenly stops working.
mark det nsubj advcl punct nsubj advmod xcomp punct root When SCONJ a DET computer NOUN crashes VERB , PUNCT it PRON suddenly ADV stops VERB working VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when SCONJ _ 4 crashes mark 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 computer det 3 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 4 crashes nsubj 4 crashes crash VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 stops advcl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 crashes punct 6 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 stops nsubj 7 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 8 stops advmod 8 stops stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 working work VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 stops xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 8 stops punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crash present a computer vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 stop present computer suddenly property vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 3 work gerund computer not said here vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 5 To crash can mean to fall asleep very quickly because you are tired (informal).
The tree, 14 words mark nsubj aux mark xcomp xcomp advmod advmod mark nsubj cop advcl punct conj punct punct root To PART crash NOUN can AUX mean VERB to PART fall VERB asleep ADJ very ADV quickly ADV because SCONJ you PRON are AUX tired ADJ ( PUNCT informal ADJ ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 crash mark 2 crash crash NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 fall mark 6 fall fall VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean xcomp 7 asleep asleep ADJ Degree=Pos 6 fall xcomp 8 very very ADV _ 9 quickly advmod 9 quickly quickly ADV _ 6 fall advmod 10 because because SCONJ _ 13 tired mark 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 13 tired nsubj 12 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 tired cop 13 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos 6 fall advcl 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 informal punct 15 informal informal ADJ Degree=Pos 13 tired conj 16 ) ) PUNCT _ 15 informal punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can crash vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 fall not said to happen to-infinitive crash not said here asleep, quickly property vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 is present you tired property tree rules 4 be you not said here tree rules
Example 1 The car crashed into a tree.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET car NOUN crashed VERB into ADP a DET tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 car det 2 car car NOUN Number=Sing 3 crashed nsubj 3 crashed crash VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 into into ADP _ 6 tree case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 tree det 6 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 3 crashed obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 crashed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crash past the car into a tree result vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into tree=Result
Example 2 We heard a crash from the kitchen.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root We PRON heard VERB a DET crash NOUN from ADP the DET kitchen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 crash det 4 crash crash NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obj 5 from from ADP _ 7 kitchen case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 kitchen det 7 kitchen kitchen NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past We a crash the kitchen vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent crash=Topic from kitchen=Source
Example 3 The waves crashed against the rocks.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET waves NOUN crashed VERB against ADP the DET rocks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 waves det 2 waves wave NOUN Number=Plur 3 crashed nsubj 3 crashed crash VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 against against ADP _ 6 rocks case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 rocks det 6 rocks rock NOUN Number=Plur 3 crashed obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 crashed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crash past the waves the rocks vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against rock=Location
Example 4 My computer crashed and I lost my work.
nmod:poss nsubj cc nsubj conj nmod:poss obj punct root My PRON computer NOUN crashed VERB and CCONJ I PRON lost VERB my PRON work NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 computer nmod:poss 2 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 3 crashed nsubj 3 crashed crash VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 6 lost cc 5 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 lost nsubj 6 lost lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 crashed conj 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 work nmod:poss 8 work work NOUN Number=Sing 6 lost obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 crashed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crash past My computer vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 lose past I my work vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Eventuality 3 work my nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 Wear a helmet in case you crash your bike.
det obj mark fixed nsubj advcl nmod:poss obj punct root Wear VERB a DET helmet NOUN in SCONJ case NOUN you PRON crash VERB your PRON bike NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wear wear VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 helmet det 3 helmet helmet NOUN Number=Sing 1 Wear obj 4 in in SCONJ ExtPos=SCONJ 7 crash mark 5 case case NOUN Number=Sing 4 in fixed 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 crash nsubj 7 crash crash VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Wear advcl 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 bike nmod:poss 9 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 7 crash obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear imperative you not said here a helmet vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme 2 crash present you your bike vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bike=Patient
Example 6 The plane made a crash landing.
det nsubj det compound obj punct root The DET plane NOUN made VERB a DET crash NOUN landing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plane det 2 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 landing det 5 crash crash NOUN _ 6 landing compound 6 landing landing NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the plane a crash landing vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset landing=Product
Example 7 After the trip I crashed on the sofa.
case det obl nsubj case det obl punct root After ADP the DET trip NOUN I PRON crashed VERB on ADP the DET sofa NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 trip case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 trip det 3 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 5 crashed obl 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 crashed nsubj 5 crashed crash VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 on on ADP _ 8 sofa case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sofa det 8 sofa sofa NOUN Number=Sing 5 crashed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 crashed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crash past I the sofa after the trip vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on sofa=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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