crusty Who acts: Crusty, crusty person, I, baker, knee, boots · What happens: mean, have, crisp, cover, be, love · To what, where: hard, warm crusty bread, crusty rolls, crusty scab, crusty old captain, crusty rind · Speech: someone speaks here
«crusty» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crusty in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Crusty means having a hard, crisp outside, like fresh bread.
nsubj xcomp det obj punct conj advmod punct case amod obl punct root Crusty NOUN means VERB having VERB a DET hard ADJ , PUNCT crisp VERB outside ADV , PUNCT like ADP fresh ADJ bread NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crusty crusty NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 hard det 5 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 3 having obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 crisp punct 7 crisp crisp VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 means conj 8 outside outside ADV _ 7 crisp advmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 bread punct 10 like like ADP _ 12 bread case 11 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 12 bread amod 12 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 7 crisp obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Crusty vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 have not said to happen gerund Crusty not said here a hard vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hard=Patient 3 crisp infinitive Crusty not said here like fresh bread; outside property vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Crusty means covered with a hard dry layer (a crusty scab, crusty mud).
The tree, 13 words nsubj ccomp case det amod amod obl punct det amod appos punct amod conj punct punct root Crusty NOUN means VERB covered VERB with ADP a DET hard ADJ dry ADJ layer NOUN ( PUNCT a DET crusty ADJ scab NOUN , PUNCT crusty ADJ mud NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crusty crusty NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means ccomp 4 with with ADP _ 8 layer case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 layer det 6 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 8 layer amod 7 dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos 8 layer amod 8 layer layer NOUN Number=Sing 3 covered obl 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 12 scab punct 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 scab det 11 crusty crusty ADJ Degree=Pos 12 scab amod 12 scab scab NOUN Number=Sing 8 layer appos 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 mud punct 14 crusty crusty ADJ Degree=Pos 15 mud amod 15 mud mud NOUN Number=Sing 12 scab conj 16 ) ) PUNCT _ 12 scab punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Crusty vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 cover participle with a hard dry layer vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with layer=Theme
Meaning 3 A crusty person is grumpy and easily annoyed, often an old one.
det amod nsubj cop cc advmod conj punct advmod det amod conj punct root A DET crusty ADJ person NOUN is AUX grumpy ADJ and CCONJ easily ADV annoyed ADJ , PUNCT often ADV an DET old ADJ one NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 person det 2 crusty crusty ADJ Degree=Pos 3 person amod 3 person person NOUN Number=Sing 5 grumpy nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 grumpy cop 5 grumpy grumpy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 annoyed cc 7 easily easily ADV _ 8 annoyed advmod 8 annoyed annoyed ADJ Degree=Pos 5 grumpy conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 one punct 10 often often ADV _ 13 one advmod 11 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 one det 12 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 13 one amod 13 one one NOUN Number=Sing 5 grumpy conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 grumpy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a crusty person grumpy property tree rules 2 be a crusty person not said here easily property tree rules
Example 1 I love warm crusty bread with butter.
nsubj amod amod obj case nmod punct root I PRON love VERB warm ADJ crusty ADJ bread NOUN with ADP butter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 love nsubj 2 love love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 5 bread amod 4 crusty crusty ADJ Degree=Pos 5 bread amod 5 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 2 love obj 6 with with ADP _ 7 butter case 7 butter butter NOUN Number=Sing 5 bread nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 love punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 love present I warm crusty bread with butter vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bread=Stimulus
Example 2 The baker sold crusty rolls.
det nsubj amod obj punct root The DET baker NOUN sold VERB crusty ADJ rolls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 baker det 2 baker baker NOUN Number=Sing 3 sold nsubj 3 sold sell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 crusty crusty ADJ Degree=Pos 5 rolls amod 5 rolls roll NOUN Number=Plur 3 sold obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 sold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sell past the baker crusty rolls vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent roll=Theme
Example 3 My knee had a crusty scab.
nmod:poss nsubj det amod obj punct root My PRON knee NOUN had VERB a DET crusty ADJ scab NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 knee nmod:poss 2 knee knee NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 scab det 5 crusty crusty ADJ Degree=Pos 6 scab amod 6 scab scab NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past My knee a crusty scab vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scab=Patient
Example 4 His boots were crusty with dried mud.
nmod:poss nsubj cop case amod obl punct root His PRON boots NOUN were AUX crusty ADJ with ADP dried VERB mud NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 boots nmod:poss 2 boots boot NOUN Number=Plur 4 crusty nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 crusty cop 4 crusty crusty ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 with with ADP _ 7 mud case 6 dried dry VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 mud amod 7 mud mud NOUN Number=Sing 4 crusty obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 crusty punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past His boots with dried mud; crusty property tree rules 2 dry participle vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 5 The crusty old captain shouted at the sailors.
det amod amod acl case det obl:agent punct root The DET crusty ADJ old ADJ captain NOUN shouted VERB at ADP the DET sailors NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 captain det 2 crusty crusty ADJ Degree=Pos 4 captain amod 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 captain amod 4 captain captain NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 shouted shout VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 captain acl 6 at at ADP _ 8 sailors case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sailors det 8 sailors sailor NOUN Number=Plur 5 shouted obl:agent 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 captain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shout speech: express participle the crusty old captain not said here vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The cheese had a crusty rind.
det nsubj det amod obj punct root The DET cheese NOUN had VERB a DET crusty ADJ rind NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cheese det 2 cheese cheese NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 rind det 5 crusty crusty ADJ Degree=Pos 6 rind amod 6 rind rind NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the cheese a crusty rind vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rind=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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