cyclone Who acts: cyclone, winds, big tropical storms, eye, We, Cyclone season · What happens: be, spin, call, turn, hit, bring · To what, where: strong storm, calm centre, hurricanes, big tropical storms, Indian Ocean, area · Speech: someone speaks here
«cyclone» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cyclone in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A cyclone is a very strong storm with winds spinning around a calm centre.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj cop det advmod amod case nmod acl case det amod obl punct root A DET cyclone NOUN is AUX a DET very ADV strong ADJ storm NOUN with ADP winds NOUN spinning VERB around ADP a DET calm ADJ centre NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cyclone det 2 cyclone cyclone NOUN Number=Sing 7 storm nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 storm cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 storm det 5 very very ADV _ 6 strong advmod 6 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 7 storm amod 7 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 with with ADP _ 9 winds case 9 winds wind NOUN Number=Plur 7 storm nmod 10 spinning spin VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 winds acl 11 around around ADP _ 14 centre case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 centre det 13 calm calm ADJ Degree=Pos 14 centre amod 14 centre centre NOUN Number=Sing 10 spinning obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 storm punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cyclone a strong storm with winds tree rules 2 spin gerund winds not said here a calm centre vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme around centre=Trajectory
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In the Indian Ocean and around Australia, the big tropical storms called hurricanes elsewhere are called cyclones.
The tree, 17 words case det amod obl cc case conj punct det amod amod nsubj:pass acl xcomp advmod aux:pass xcomp punct root In ADP the DET Indian ADJ Ocean PROPN and CCONJ around ADP Australia PROPN , PUNCT the DET big ADJ tropical ADJ storms NOUN called VERB hurricanes NOUN elsewhere ADV are AUX called VERB cyclones NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 Ocean case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Ocean det 3 Indian Indian ADJ Degree=Pos 4 Ocean amod 4 Ocean Ocean PROPN Number=Sing 17 called obl 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 Australia cc 6 around around ADP _ 7 Australia case 7 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 4 Ocean conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 4 Ocean punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 storms det 10 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 12 storms amod 11 tropical tropical ADJ Degree=Pos 12 storms amod 12 storms storm NOUN Number=Plur 17 called nsubj:pass 13 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 storms acl 14 hurricanes hurricane NOUN Number=Plur 13 called xcomp 15 elsewhere elsewhere ADV _ 13 called advmod 16 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 called aux:pass 17 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 18 cyclones cyclone NOUN Number=Plur 17 called xcomp 19 . . PUNCT _ 17 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call participle the big tropical storms not said here hurricanes elsewhere property vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 call present · passive the big tropical storms the Indian Ocean and Australia vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Meaning 3 In weather science, a cyclone is any area of low air pressure with winds turning around it.
The tree, 17 words case compound obl punct det nsubj cop det case amod compound nmod case nmod acl case obl punct root In ADP weather NOUN science NOUN , PUNCT a DET cyclone NOUN is AUX any DET area NOUN of ADP low ADJ air NOUN pressure NOUN with ADP winds NOUN turning VERB around ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 science case 2 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 3 science compound 3 science science NOUN Number=Sing 9 area obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 science punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 cyclone det 6 cyclone cyclone NOUN Number=Sing 9 area nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 area cop 8 any any DET PronType=Ind 9 area det 9 area area NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 of of ADP _ 13 pressure case 11 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 13 pressure amod 12 air air NOUN Number=Sing 13 pressure compound 13 pressure pressure NOUN Number=Sing 9 area nmod 14 with with ADP _ 15 winds case 15 winds wind NOUN Number=Plur 13 pressure nmod 16 turning turn VERB VerbForm=Ger 15 winds acl 17 around around ADP _ 18 it case 18 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 turning obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 9 area punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cyclone any area weather science of low air pressure with winds tree rules 2 turn gerund winds not said here cyclone vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme around it=Trajectory
Example 1 A cyclone hit the coast of Queensland.
det nsubj det obj case nmod punct root A DET cyclone NOUN hit VERB the DET coast NOUN of ADP Queensland PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cyclone det 2 cyclone cyclone NOUN Number=Sing 3 hit nsubj 3 hit hit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 coast det 5 coast coast NOUN Number=Sing 3 hit obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 Queensland case 7 Queensland Queensland PROPN Number=Sing 5 coast nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hit past a cyclone the coast of Queensland vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme coast=Co-Theme
Example 2 The cyclone brought strong winds and heavy rain.
det nsubj amod obj cc amod conj punct root The DET cyclone NOUN brought VERB strong ADJ winds NOUN and CCONJ heavy ADJ rain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cyclone det 2 cyclone cyclone NOUN Number=Sing 3 brought nsubj 3 brought bring VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 5 winds amod 5 winds wind NOUN Number=Plur 3 brought obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 rain cc 7 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 8 rain amod 8 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 5 winds conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 brought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bring past the cyclone strong winds and heavy rain vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent wind=Theme
Example 3 Schools closed because of the cyclone warning.
nsubj:pass case fixed det compound obl punct root Schools NOUN closed VERB because ADP of ADP the DET cyclone NOUN warning NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Schools school NOUN Number=Plur 2 closed nsubj:pass 2 closed close VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 3 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 7 warning case 4 of of ADP _ 3 because fixed 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 warning det 6 cyclone cyclone NOUN Number=Sing 7 warning compound 7 warning warning NOUN Number=Sing 2 closed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 closed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close participle · passive Schools because the cyclone warning vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 4 The eye of a cyclone is calm and clear.
det nsubj case det nmod cop cc conj punct root The DET eye NOUN of ADP a DET cyclone NOUN is AUX calm ADJ and CCONJ clear ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 eye det 2 eye eye NOUN Number=Sing 7 calm nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 cyclone case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 cyclone det 5 cyclone cyclone NOUN Number=Sing 2 eye nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 calm cop 7 calm calm ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 clear cc 9 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 7 calm conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 calm punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the eye of a cyclone calm property tree rules 2 be the eye of a cyclone not said here tree rules
Example 5 We stayed inside until the cyclone passed.
nsubj advmod mark det nsubj advcl punct root We PRON stayed VERB inside ADV until SCONJ the DET cyclone NOUN passed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 stayed nsubj 2 stayed stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 inside inside ADV _ 2 stayed advmod 4 until until SCONJ _ 7 passed mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 cyclone det 6 cyclone cyclone NOUN Number=Sing 7 passed nsubj 7 passed pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 stayed advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 stayed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay past We inside property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 pass past the cyclone vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 The cyclone knocked down trees and power lines.
det nsubj compound:prt obj cc compound conj punct root The DET cyclone NOUN knocked VERB down ADP trees NOUN and CCONJ power NOUN lines NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cyclone det 2 cyclone cyclone NOUN Number=Sing 3 knocked nsubj 3 knocked knock VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 down down ADP _ 3 knocked compound:prt 5 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 3 knocked obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 lines cc 7 power power NOUN Number=Sing 8 lines compound 8 lines line NOUN Number=Plur 5 trees conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 knocked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 knock down past the cyclone trees and power lines vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent tree=Patient
Example 7 Cyclone season in northern Australia is in the hot months.
compound nsubj case amod nmod cop case det amod punct root Cyclone NOUN season NOUN in ADP northern ADJ Australia PROPN is AUX in ADP the DET hot ADJ months NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cyclone cyclone NOUN Number=Sing 2 season compound 2 season season NOUN Number=Sing 10 months nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 5 Australia case 4 northern northern ADJ Degree=Pos 5 Australia amod 5 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 2 season nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 months cop 7 in in ADP _ 10 months case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 months det 9 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 10 months amod 10 months month NOUN Number=Plur root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 months punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Cyclone season in northern Australia in the hot months tree rules
Example 8 Scientists gave the cyclone a name.
nsubj det obj det obj punct root Scientists NOUN gave VERB the DET cyclone NOUN a DET name NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 cyclone det 4 cyclone cyclone NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 name det 6 name name NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past Scientists the cyclone vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent cyclone=Recipient name=Theme
Example 9 You also came through the air, being carried by a cyclone.
nsubj advmod case det obl punct aux:pass conj case det obl punct root You PRON also ADV came VERB through ADP the DET air NOUN , PUNCT being AUX carried VERB by ADP a DET cyclone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 came nsubj 2 also also ADV _ 3 came advmod 3 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 through through ADP _ 6 air case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 air det 6 air air NOUN Number=Sing 3 came obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 carried punct 8 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 carried aux:pass 9 carried carry VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 came conj 10 by by ADP _ 12 cyclone case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 cyclone det 12 cyclone cyclone NOUN Number=Sing 9 carried obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past You the air vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through air=Initial_Location 2 carry gerund · passive a cyclone vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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