cygnet Who acts: cygnet, Five grey cygnets, ugly duckling, Cygnets, you, parents · What happens: be, swim, ride, not go, protect, watch · To what, where: young swan, cygnet, back, cygnets, river bank, dove
«cygnet» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cygnet in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A cygnet is a young swan.
det nsubj cop det amod punct root A DET cygnet NOUN is AUX a DET young ADJ swan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cygnet det 2 cygnet cygnet NOUN Number=Sing 6 swan nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 swan cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 swan det 5 young young ADJ Degree=Pos 6 swan amod 6 swan swan NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 swan punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cygnet a young swan tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Five grey cygnets swam behind their mother.
nummod amod nsubj case nmod:poss obl punct root Five NUM grey ADJ cygnets NOUN swam VERB behind ADP their PRON mother NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 cygnets nummod 2 grey grey ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cygnets amod 3 cygnets cygnet NOUN Number=Plur 4 swam nsubj 4 swam swim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 behind behind ADP _ 7 mother case 6 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 mother nmod:poss 7 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 4 swam obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 swam punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swim past Five grey cygnets behind cygnets's mother vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme behind mother=Trajectory
Example 2 The ugly duckling was really a cygnet.
det amod nsubj cop advmod det punct root The DET ugly ADJ duckling NOUN was AUX really ADV a DET cygnet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 duckling det 2 ugly ugly ADJ Degree=Pos 3 duckling amod 3 duckling duckling NOUN Number=Sing 7 cygnet nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 cygnet cop 5 really really ADV _ 7 cygnet advmod 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 cygnet det 7 cygnet cygnet NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 cygnet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the ugly duckling a cygnet tree rules
Example 3 Cygnets sometimes ride on the swan's back.
nsubj advmod case det nmod:poss case obl punct root Cygnets NOUN sometimes ADV ride VERB on ADP the DET swan NOUN 's PART back NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cygnets cygnet NOUN Number=Plur 3 ride nsubj 2 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 3 ride advmod 3 ride ride VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 8 back case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 swan det 6 swan swan NOUN Number=Sing 8 back nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 swan case 8 back back NOUN Number=Sing 3 ride obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 ride punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ride present Cygnets the swan's back sometimes property vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Don't go near the cygnets — the parents will protect them fiercely.
aux advmod case det obl punct det nsubj aux advcl obj advmod punct root Do AUX n't PART go VERB near ADP the DET cygnets NOUN — PUNCT the DET parents NOUN will AUX protect VERB them PRON fiercely ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 go aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 go advmod 3 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 near near ADP _ 6 cygnets case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 cygnets det 6 cygnets cygnet NOUN Number=Plur 3 go obl 7 — - PUNCT _ 11 protect punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 parents det 9 parents parent NOUN Number=Plur 11 protect nsubj 10 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 protect aux 11 protect protect VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 go advcl 12 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 protect obj 13 fiercely fiercely ADV _ 11 protect advmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not go imperative · do-support you not said here the cygnets vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme near cygnet=Location 2 protect future the parents cygnets = cygnet fiercely property vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary
Example 5 By winter the cygnets were almost as big as their parents.
case obl det nsubj cop advmod advmod case nmod:poss obl punct root By ADP winter NOUN the DET cygnets NOUN were AUX almost ADV as ADV big ADJ as ADP their PRON parents NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 By by ADP _ 2 winter case 2 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 8 big obl 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 cygnets det 4 cygnets cygnet NOUN Number=Plur 8 big nsubj 5 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 big cop 6 almost almost ADV _ 8 big advmod 7 as as ADV _ 8 big advmod 8 big big ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 as as ADP _ 11 parents case 10 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 parents nmod:poss 11 parents parent NOUN Number=Plur 8 big obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 big punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the cygnets winter as cygnets's parents; almost, big property tree rules
Example 6 We watched the cygnets hatch on the river bank.
nsubj det nsubj ccomp case det compound obl punct root We PRON watched VERB the DET cygnets NOUN hatch VERB on ADP the DET river NOUN bank NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 watched nsubj 2 watched watch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 cygnets det 4 cygnets cygnet NOUN Number=Plur 5 hatch nsubj 5 hatch hatch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 watched ccomp 6 on on ADP _ 9 bank case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 bank det 8 river river NOUN Number=Sing 9 bank compound 9 bank bank NOUN Number=Sing 5 hatch obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 watched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 watch past We tree rules 2 hatch present the cygnets the river bank vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient
Example 7 Suddenly Coo-my-dove changed into a goshawk and around him flew twenty-four grey herons and above them flew seven cygnets.
The tree, 22 words advmod punct nmod:poss punct obj acl case det obl cc case obl conj compound punct nummod amod obj cc mark nsubj conj nummod obj punct root Suddenly ADV Coo VERB - PUNCT my PRON - PUNCT dove NOUN changed VERB into ADP a DET goshawk NOUN and CCONJ around ADP him PRON flew VERB twenty NUM - PUNCT four NUM grey ADJ herons NOUN and CCONJ above ADP them PRON flew VERB seven NUM cygnets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Suddenly suddenly ADV _ 2 Coo advmod 2 Coo coo VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 - - PUNCT _ 6 dove punct 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 dove nmod:poss 5 - - PUNCT _ 6 dove punct 6 dove dove NOUN Number=Sing 2 Coo obj 7 changed change VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 dove acl 8 into into ADP _ 10 goshawk case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 goshawk det 10 goshawk goshawk NOUN Number=Sing 7 changed obl 11 and and CCONJ _ 14 flew cc 12 around around ADP _ 13 him case 13 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 flew obl 14 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 Coo conj 15 twenty twenty NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 17 four compound 16 - - PUNCT _ 15 twenty punct 17 four four NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 19 herons nummod 18 grey grey ADJ Degree=Pos 19 herons amod 19 herons heron NOUN Number=Plur 14 flew obj 20 and and CCONJ _ 23 flew cc 21 above above ADP _ 23 flew mark 22 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 flew nsubj 23 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 flew conj 24 seven seven NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 25 cygnets nummod 25 cygnets cygnet NOUN Number=Plur 23 flew obj 26 . . PUNCT _ 2 Coo punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 coo imperative you not said here my dove suddenly property vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent dove=Theme 2 change participle my dove not said here into a goshawk result vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into goshawk=Result 3 fly past you not said here four grey herons around him = he vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent heron=Theme around he=Location 4 fly past herons = heron seven cygnets vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cygnet=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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