duckling Who acts: duckling, ugly duckling, Five fluffy ducklings, Ducklings, We, you · What happens: be, seem, grow up, follow, hatch, swim · To what, where: baby duck, someone, stories, mother, pond, road · Speech: someone speaks here
«duckling» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: duckling in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A duckling is a baby duck.
det nsubj cop det compound punct root A DET duckling NOUN is AUX a DET baby NOUN duck NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 duckling det 2 duckling duckling NOUN Number=Sing 6 duck nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 duck cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 duck det 5 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 6 duck compound 6 duck duck NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 duck punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a duckling a baby duck tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In stories, an «ugly duckling» is someone who seems plain or awkward at first but grows up to be beautiful or great.
The tree, 22 words case obl punct det punct amod nsubj punct cop nsubj acl:relcl xcomp cc conj case obl cc conj compound:prt mark cop xcomp cc conj punct root In ADP stories NOUN , PUNCT an DET « PUNCT ugly ADJ duckling NOUN » PUNCT is AUX someone PRON who PRON seems VERB plain ADJ or CCONJ awkward ADJ at ADP first ADV but CCONJ grows VERB up ADP to PART be AUX beautiful ADJ or CCONJ great ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 stories case 2 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 10 someone obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 stories punct 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 duckling det 5 « « PUNCT _ 7 duckling punct 6 ugly ugly ADJ Degree=Pos 7 duckling amod 7 duckling duckling NOUN Number=Sing 10 someone nsubj 8 » » PUNCT _ 7 duckling punct 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 someone cop 10 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 11 who who PRON PronType=Rel 12 seems nsubj 12 seems seem VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 someone acl:relcl 13 plain plain ADJ Degree=Pos 12 seems xcomp 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 awkward cc 15 awkward awkward ADJ Degree=Pos 13 plain conj 16 at at ADP _ 17 first case 17 first first ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 12 seems obl 18 but but CCONJ _ 19 grows cc 19 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 seems conj 20 up up ADP _ 19 grows compound:prt 21 to to PART _ 23 beautiful mark 22 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 23 beautiful cop 23 beautiful beautiful ADJ Degree=Pos 19 grows xcomp 24 or or CCONJ _ 25 great cc 25 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 23 beautiful conj 26 . . PUNCT _ 10 someone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a ugly duckling someone stories tree rules 2 seem present plain property vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme 3 grow up present vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 is to-infinitive beautiful property tree rules 5 be tree rules
Example 1 Five fluffy ducklings followed their mother to the pond.
nummod amod nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root Five NUM fluffy ADJ ducklings NOUN followed VERB their PRON mother NOUN to ADP the DET pond NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 ducklings nummod 2 fluffy fluffy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 ducklings amod 3 ducklings duckling NOUN Number=Plur 4 followed nsubj 4 followed follow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 mother nmod:poss 6 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 4 followed obj 7 to to ADP _ 9 pond case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 pond det 9 pond pond NOUN Number=Sing 4 followed obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 followed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 follow past Five fluffy ducklings ducklings's mother the pond vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent mother=Theme to pond=Trajectory
Example 2 The duckling hatched from its egg this morning.
det nsubj case nmod:poss obl det obl:unmarked punct root The DET duckling NOUN hatched VERB from ADP its PRON egg NOUN this DET morning NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 duckling det 2 duckling duckling NOUN Number=Sing 3 hatched nsubj 3 hatched hatch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 from from ADP _ 6 egg case 5 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 egg nmod:poss 6 egg egg NOUN Number=Sing 3 hatched obl 7 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 8 morning det 8 morning morning NOUN Number=Sing 3 hatched obl:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 hatched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hatch past the duckling morning from duckling's egg vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from egg=Patient
Example 3 Ducklings can swim soon after they hatch.
nsubj aux advmod mark nsubj advcl punct root Ducklings NOUN can AUX swim VERB soon ADV after SCONJ they PRON hatch VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ducklings duckling NOUN Number=Plur 3 swim nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 swim aux 3 swim swim VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 soon soon ADV Degree=Pos 3 swim advmod 5 after after SCONJ _ 7 hatch mark 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 hatch nsubj 7 hatch hatch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 swim advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 swim punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swim can Ducklings soon property vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 hatch present Ducklings = duckling vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient
Example 4 We watched the ducklings cross the road safely.
nsubj det nsubj ccomp det obj advmod punct root We PRON watched VERB the DET ducklings NOUN cross VERB the DET road NOUN safely ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 watched nsubj 2 watched watch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ducklings det 4 ducklings duckling NOUN Number=Plur 5 cross nsubj 5 cross cross VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 watched ccomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 road det 7 road road NOUN Number=Sing 5 cross obj 8 safely safely ADV _ 5 cross advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 watched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 watch past We tree rules 2 cross present the ducklings the road safely property vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient
Example 5 In «The Ugly Duckling», the duckling grows into a swan.
case punct det amod obl punct punct det nsubj case det obl punct root In ADP « PUNCT The DET Ugly ADJ Duckling PROPN » PUNCT , PUNCT the DET duckling NOUN grows VERB into ADP a DET swan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 5 Duckling case 2 « « PUNCT _ 5 Duckling punct 3 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Duckling det 4 Ugly ugly ADJ Degree=Pos 5 Duckling amod 5 Duckling Duckling PROPN Number=Sing 10 grows obl 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 Duckling punct 7 , , PUNCT _ 5 Duckling punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 duckling det 9 duckling duckling NOUN Number=Sing 10 grows nsubj 10 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 into into ADP _ 13 swan case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 swan det 13 swan swan NOUN Number=Sing 10 grows obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 10 grows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present the duckling the Ugly Duckling into a swan vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in duckling=Location
Example 6 Don't feed the ducklings bread; it is bad for them.
aux advmod det compound obj punct nsubj cop conj case obl punct root Do AUX n't PART feed VERB the DET ducklings NOUN bread NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX bad ADJ for ADP them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 feed aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 feed advmod 3 feed feed VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bread det 5 ducklings duckling NOUN Number=Plur 6 bread compound 6 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 3 feed obj 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 10 bad punct 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 bad nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 bad cop 10 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 3 feed conj 11 for for ADP _ 12 them case 12 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 bad obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 feed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not feed imperative · do-support you not said here the ducklings bread vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent bread=Theme 2 is present bread for them = they ; bad property tree rules
Example 7 If there were 7 ducklings and 2 waddled away, 5 were left.
mark expl advcl nummod nsubj cc nsubj advmod punct nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis punct root If SCONJ there PRON were VERB 7 NUM ducklings NOUN and CCONJ 2 NUM waddled VERB away ADV , PUNCT 5 NUM were AUX left VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 were mark 2 there there PRON PronType=Dem 3 were expl 3 were be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 waddled advcl 4 7 7 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 ducklings nummod 5 ducklings duckling NOUN Number=Plur 3 were nsubj 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 waddled cc 7 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 waddled nsubj 8 waddled waddle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 away away ADV _ 8 waddled advmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 5 punct 11 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 13 left nsubj:pass 12 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 left aux:pass 13 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 waddled parataxis 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 waddled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be a condition, not said to happen past 7 ducklings there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 waddle away past 2 away property vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 leave past · passive 5 vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 8 "You don't understand me," said the duckling.
punct nsubj aux advmod ccomp obj punct punct det obj punct root " PUNCT You PRON do AUX n't PART understand VERB me PRON , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB the DET duckling NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 understand punct 2 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 understand nsubj 3 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 understand aux 4 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 understand advmod 5 understand understand VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 said ccomp 6 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 understand obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 5 understand punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 5 understand punct 9 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 duckling det 11 duckling duckling NOUN Number=Sing 9 said obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not understand in a quote present · do-support You the duckling = duckling vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus 2 say speech: assert past the duckling vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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