dusk Who acts: sun, Bats, you, We, farmers, your · What happens: set, get, not be, come out, hunt, be · To what, where: sun, insects, bike lights, grass, evening
«dusk» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: dusk in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The time of evening just after the sun has set, when it is getting dark but is not fully dark yet.
The tree, 21 words det obl:unmarked case nmod advmod case det nsubj:pass aux punct advmod nsubj aux conj xcomp cc cop advmod advmod conj advmod punct root The DET time NOUN of ADP evening NOUN just ADV after ADP the DET sun NOUN has AUX set VERB , PUNCT when ADV it PRON is AUX getting VERB dark ADJ but CCONJ is AUX not PART fully ADV dark ADJ yet ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 time det 2 time time NOUN Number=Sing 10 set obl:unmarked 3 of of ADP _ 4 evening case 4 evening evening NOUN Number=Sing 2 time nmod 5 just just ADV _ 8 sun advmod 6 after after ADP _ 8 sun case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sun det 8 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 10 set nsubj:pass 9 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 set aux 10 set set VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 getting punct 12 when when ADV PronType=Int 15 getting advmod 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 getting nsubj 14 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 getting aux 15 getting get VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 set conj 16 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 15 getting xcomp 17 but but CCONJ _ 21 dark cc 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 dark cop 19 not not PART Polarity=Neg 21 dark advmod 20 fully fully ADV _ 21 dark advmod 21 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 16 dark conj 22 yet yet ADV _ 21 dark advmod 23 . . PUNCT _ 10 set punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 set present · perfect · passive the sun time vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result 2 get present · progressive sun dark property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 3 not is present sun not said here yet dark, fully property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The dim light at that time.
det amod case det nmod punct root The DET dim ADJ light NOUN at ADP that DET time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 light det 2 dim dim ADJ Degree=Pos 3 light amod 3 light light NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 at at ADP _ 6 time case 5 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 time det 6 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 light nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 light punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 Bats come out at dusk to hunt insects.
nsubj advmod case obl mark advcl obj punct root Bats NOUN come VERB out ADV at ADP dusk NOUN to PART hunt VERB insects NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bats bat NOUN Number=Plur 2 come nsubj 2 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 out out ADV _ 2 come advmod 4 at at ADP _ 5 dusk case 5 dusk dusk NOUN Number=Sing 2 come obl 6 to to PART _ 7 hunt mark 7 hunt hunt VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 come advcl 8 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 7 hunt obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 come punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come out present Bats dusk out property vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient 2 hunt to-infinitive Bats not said here insects vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Theme
Example 2 Be home before dusk.
advmod case obl punct root Be VERB home ADV before ADP dusk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Be be VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 home home ADV _ 1 Be advmod 3 before before ADP _ 4 dusk case 4 dusk dusk NOUN Number=Sing 1 Be obl 5 . . PUNCT _ 1 Be punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be imperative you not said here dusk home property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 We walked home in the dusk.
nsubj advmod case det obl punct root We PRON walked VERB home ADV in ADP the DET dusk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 walked nsubj 2 walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 home home ADV _ 2 walked advmod 4 in in ADP _ 6 dusk case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 dusk det 6 dusk dusk NOUN Number=Sing 2 walked obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 walked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk past We dusk home property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 The farmers worked from dawn to dusk.
det nsubj case obl case obl punct root The DET farmers NOUN worked VERB from ADP dawn NOUN to ADP dusk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmers det 2 farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 3 worked nsubj 3 worked work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 from from ADP _ 5 dawn case 5 dawn dawn NOUN Number=Sing 3 worked obl 6 to to ADP _ 7 dusk case 7 dusk dusk NOUN Number=Sing 3 worked obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 worked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work past the farmers dawn; dusk vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 Turn your bike lights on at dusk.
nmod:poss compound obj case case obl punct root Turn VERB your PRON bike NOUN lights NOUN on ADP at ADP dusk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Turn turn VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 lights nmod:poss 3 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 4 lights compound 4 lights light NOUN Number=Plur 1 Turn obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 dusk case 6 at at ADP _ 7 dusk case 7 dusk dusk NOUN Number=Sing 1 Turn obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Turn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn imperative you not said here your bike lights dusk vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent light=Theme 2 light your nom light «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 Rabbits nibble the grass at dusk.
nsubj det obj case obl punct root Rabbits NOUN nibble VERB the DET grass NOUN at ADP dusk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rabbits rabbit NOUN Number=Plur 2 nibble nsubj 2 nibble nibble VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 grass det 4 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 2 nibble obj 5 at at ADP _ 6 dusk case 6 dusk dusk NOUN Number=Sing 2 nibble obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 nibble punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 nibble present Rabbits the grass dusk vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient
Example 7 Dusk fell, and the stars began to appear.
nsubj punct cc det nsubj conj mark xcomp punct root Dusk NOUN fell VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET stars NOUN began VERB to PART appear VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dusk dusk NOUN Number=Sing 2 fell nsubj 2 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 7 began punct 4 and and CCONJ _ 7 began cc 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 stars det 6 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 7 began nsubj 7 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 fell conj 8 to to PART _ 9 appear mark 9 appear appear VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 began xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 fell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall past Dusk vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 begin past the stars vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 3 appear to-infinitive the stars not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 The garden looked magical at dusk.
det nsubj xcomp case obl punct root The DET garden NOUN looked VERB magical ADJ at ADP dusk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 garden det 2 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 3 looked nsubj 3 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 magical magical ADJ Degree=Pos 3 looked xcomp 5 at at ADP _ 6 dusk case 6 dusk dusk NOUN Number=Sing 3 looked obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past the garden dusk magical property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 9 By this time it was evening and the dusk was falling.
case det obl nsubj cop cc det nsubj aux conj punct root By ADP this DET time NOUN it PRON was AUX evening NOUN and CCONJ the DET dusk NOUN was AUX falling VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 By by ADP _ 3 time case 2 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 time det 3 time time NOUN Number=Sing 6 evening obl 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 evening nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 evening cop 6 evening evening NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 and and CCONJ _ 11 falling cc 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 dusk det 9 dusk dusk NOUN Number=Sing 11 falling nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 falling aux 11 falling fall VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 evening conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 evening punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past it evening time tree rules 2 fall past · progressive the dusk vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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