dusky Who acts: evening, use, dusky sky, We, She, dusky dolphin · What happens: turn, use, describe, be, not use, walk · To what, where: old books, people, dusky lane, dusky pink dress, New Zealand, dusky garden
«dusky» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: dusky in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Rather dark, as at dusk, the time when evening turns into night.
The tree, 12 words det amod punct case case punct det obl:unmarked mark nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct root Rather DET dark ADJ , PUNCT as ADP at ADP dusk NOUN , PUNCT the DET time NOUN when SCONJ evening NOUN turns VERB into ADP night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rather rather DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dark det 2 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 6 dusk amod 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 dusk punct 4 as as ADP _ 6 dusk case 5 at at ADP _ 6 dusk case 6 dusk dusk NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 time punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 time det 9 time time NOUN Number=Sing 6 dusk obl:unmarked 10 when when SCONJ _ 12 turns mark 11 evening evening NOUN Number=Sing 12 turns nsubj 12 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 time acl:relcl 13 into into ADP _ 14 night case 14 night night NOUN Number=Sing 12 turns obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 dusk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn present evening night vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Dark or dim in colour: «dusky pink», «dusky blue».
The tree, 9 words cc conj case obl punct punct amod conj punct punct punct amod conj punct punct root Dark ADJ or CCONJ dim ADJ in ADP colour NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT dusky ADJ pink ADJ » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT dusky ADJ blue ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 or or CCONJ _ 3 dim cc 3 dim dim ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Dark conj 4 in in ADP _ 5 colour case 5 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 3 dim obl 6 : : PUNCT _ 9 pink punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 9 pink punct 8 dusky dusky ADJ Degree=Pos 9 pink amod 9 pink pink ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Dark conj 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 pink punct 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 blue punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 14 blue punct 13 dusky dusky ADJ Degree=Pos 14 blue amod 14 blue blue ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Dark conj 15 » » PUNCT _ 14 blue punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 1 Dark punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 Usage: old, now offensive — kept apart, not parsed.
Used in old books to describe people with dark skin; this use is hurtful today and should not be used.
The tree, 20 words case amod obl mark advcl obj case amod obl punct det nsubj cop parataxis obl:unmarked cc aux advmod aux:pass conj punct root Used VERB in ADP old ADJ books NOUN to PART describe VERB people NOUN with ADP dark ADJ skin NOUN ; PUNCT this DET use NOUN is AUX hurtful ADJ today NOUN and CCONJ should AUX not PART be AUX used VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 in in ADP _ 4 books case 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 books amod 4 books book NOUN Number=Plur 1 Used obl 5 to to PART _ 6 describe mark 6 describe describe VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Used advcl 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 6 describe obj 8 with with ADP _ 10 skin case 9 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 10 skin amod 10 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 6 describe obl 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 hurtful punct 12 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 13 use det 13 use use NOUN Number=Sing 15 hurtful nsubj 14 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 hurtful cop 15 hurtful hurtful ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Used parataxis 16 today today NOUN Number=Sing 15 hurtful obl:unmarked 17 and and CCONJ _ 21 used cc 18 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 21 used aux 19 not not PART Polarity=Neg 21 used advmod 20 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 21 used aux:pass 21 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 15 hurtful conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 1 Used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle old books vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 describe to-infinitive people with dark skin vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent people=Theme 3 is present this use today hurtful property tree rules 4 not use should · passive this use not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»
Example 1 The dusky sky was full of bats.
det amod nsubj cop case obl punct root The DET dusky ADJ sky NOUN was AUX full ADJ of ADP bats NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 sky det 2 dusky dusky ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sky amod 3 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 5 full nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 full cop 5 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 bats case 7 bats bat NOUN Number=Plur 5 full obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the dusky sky of bats; full property tree rules
Example 2 We walked home through the dusky lane.
nsubj advmod case det amod obl punct root We PRON walked VERB home ADV through ADP the DET dusky ADJ lane NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 walked nsubj 2 walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 home home ADV _ 2 walked advmod 4 through through ADP _ 7 lane case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 lane det 6 dusky dusky ADJ Degree=Pos 7 lane amod 7 lane lane NOUN Number=Sing 2 walked obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 walked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk past We the dusky lane home property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through lane=Trajectory
Example 3 She wore a dusky pink dress.
nsubj det amod amod obj punct root She PRON wore VERB a DET dusky ADJ pink ADJ dress NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 wore nsubj 2 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 dress det 4 dusky dusky ADJ Degree=Pos 6 dress amod 5 pink pink ADJ Degree=Pos 6 dress amod 6 dress dress NOUN Number=Sing 2 wore obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past She a dusky pink dress vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent dress=Theme
Example 4 The dusky dolphin lives near New Zealand.
det amod nsubj case flat obl punct root The DET dusky ADJ dolphin NOUN lives VERB near ADP New PROPN Zealand PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 dolphin det 2 dusky dusky ADJ Degree=Pos 3 dolphin amod 3 dolphin dolphin NOUN Number=Sing 4 lives nsubj 4 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 near near ADP _ 7 Zealand case 6 New New PROPN Number=Sing 7 Zealand flat 7 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 4 lives obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 lives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present the dusky dolphin New Zealand vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near zealand=Location
Example 5 The room grew dusky as the sun went down.
det nsubj xcomp mark det nsubj advcl advmod punct root The DET room NOUN grew VERB dusky ADJ as SCONJ the DET sun NOUN went VERB down ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 room det 2 room room NOUN Number=Sing 3 grew nsubj 3 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 dusky dusky ADJ Degree=Pos 3 grew xcomp 5 as as SCONJ _ 8 went mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sun det 7 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 8 went nsubj 8 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 grew advcl 9 down down ADV _ 8 went advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past the room dusky property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 go down past the sun down property vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Example 6 Moths came out in the dusky garden.
nsubj advmod case det amod obl punct root Moths NOUN came VERB out ADV in ADP the DET dusky ADJ garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Moths moth NOUN Number=Plur 2 came nsubj 2 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 out out ADV _ 2 came advmod 4 in in ADP _ 7 garden case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 garden det 6 dusky dusky ADJ Degree=Pos 7 garden amod 7 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 2 came obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come out past Moths the dusky garden out property vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient
Example 7 At last the sun went down behind the pine tops, and it was cool and dusky in the great wood.
The tree, 20 words case amod det nsubj advmod case det compound obl punct cc nsubj cop parataxis cc conj case det amod obl punct root At ADP last ADJ the DET sun NOUN went VERB down ADV behind ADP the DET pine NOUN tops NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ it PRON was AUX cool ADJ and CCONJ dusky ADJ in ADP the DET great ADJ wood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 2 last case 2 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 4 sun amod 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 sun det 4 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 5 went nsubj 5 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 down down ADV _ 5 went advmod 7 behind behind ADP _ 10 tops case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 tops det 9 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 10 tops compound 10 tops top NOUN Number=Plur 5 went obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 cool punct 12 and and CCONJ _ 15 cool cc 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 cool nsubj 14 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 15 cool cop 15 cool cool ADJ Degree=Pos 5 went parataxis 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 dusky cc 17 dusky dusky ADJ Degree=Pos 15 cool conj 18 in in ADP _ 21 wood case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 wood det 20 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 21 wood amod 21 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 17 dusky obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go down past the last sun the pine tops down property vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme behind top=Location 2 is past sun cool property tree rules 3 be sun not said here the great wood tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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