echidna Who acts: echidna, New Guinea, It, only mammals, Echidnas, We · What happens: be, eat, lay, cover, curl up, lick up · To what, where: small spiny animal, Australia, ants, one, eggs, monster · Speech: someone speaks here
«echidna» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: echidna in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An echidna is a small spiny animal from Australia and New Guinea that eats ants and termites with a long sticky tongue.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj cop det amod amod case nmod cc compound conj nsubj acl:relcl obj cc conj case det amod amod obl punct root An DET echidna NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ spiny ADJ animal NOUN from ADP Australia PROPN and CCONJ New PROPN Guinea NOUN that PRON eats VERB ants NOUN and CCONJ termites NOUN with ADP a DET long ADJ sticky ADJ tongue NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 echidna det 2 echidna echidna NOUN Number=Sing 7 animal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 animal cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 animal det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 7 animal amod 6 spiny spiny ADJ Degree=Pos 7 animal amod 7 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 from from ADP _ 9 Australia case 9 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 7 animal nmod 10 and and CCONJ _ 12 Guinea cc 11 New New PROPN Number=Sing 12 Guinea compound 12 Guinea guinea NOUN Number=Sing 9 Australia conj 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 eats nsubj 14 eats eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 Guinea acl:relcl 15 ants ant NOUN Number=Plur 14 eats obj 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 termites cc 17 termites termite NOUN Number=Plur 15 ants conj 18 with with ADP _ 22 tongue case 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 tongue det 20 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 22 tongue amod 21 sticky sticky ADJ Degree=Pos 22 tongue amod 22 tongue tongue NOUN Number=Sing 14 eats obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 7 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a echidna a small spiny animal Australia and New Guinea tree rules 2 eat present New Guinea ants and termites with a long sticky tongue vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ant=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 It is one of the only mammals that lay eggs, together with the platypus.
The tree, 14 words nsubj cop case det amod nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj punct advmod case det obl punct root It PRON is AUX one NUM of ADP the DET only ADJ mammals NOUN that PRON lay VERB eggs NOUN , PUNCT together ADV with ADP the DET platypus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 one nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 one cop 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 4 of of ADP _ 7 mammals case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 mammals det 6 only only ADJ Degree=Pos 7 mammals amod 7 mammals mammal NOUN Number=Plur 3 one nmod 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 lay nsubj 9 lay lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 mammals acl:relcl 10 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 9 lay obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 together punct 12 together together ADV _ 9 lay advmod 13 with with ADP _ 15 platypus case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 platypus det 15 platypus platypus NOUN Number=Sing 9 lay obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It one of the only mammals tree rules 2 lay present the only mammals eggs with the platypus; together property vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result
Meaning 3 In Greek myths, Echidna was a monster, half woman and half serpent.
The tree, 12 words case amod obl punct nsubj cop det punct amod appos cc compound conj punct root In ADP Greek ADJ myths NOUN , PUNCT Echidna PROPN was AUX a DET monster NOUN , PUNCT half ADJ woman NOUN and CCONJ half NOUN serpent NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 myths case 2 Greek Greek ADJ Degree=Pos 3 myths amod 3 myths myth NOUN Number=Plur 8 monster obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 myths punct 5 Echidna Echidna PROPN Number=Sing 8 monster nsubj 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 monster cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 monster det 8 monster monster NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 woman punct 10 half half ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 11 woman amod 11 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing 8 monster appos 12 and and CCONJ _ 14 serpent cc 13 half half NOUN Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 14 serpent compound 14 serpent serpent NOUN Number=Sing 11 woman conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 monster punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Echidna a monster Greek myths tree rules
Example 1 An echidna is covered in sharp spines.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod obl punct root An DET echidna NOUN is AUX covered VERB in ADP sharp ADJ spines NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 echidna det 2 echidna echidna NOUN Number=Sing 4 covered nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 covered aux:pass 4 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 spines case 6 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 7 spines amod 7 spines spine NOUN Number=Plur 4 covered obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover present · passive a echidna in sharp spines vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in spine=Theme
Example 2 The echidna curled up into a spiky ball.
det acl compound:prt case det amod obl punct root The DET echidna NOUN curled VERB up ADP into ADP a DET spiky ADJ ball NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 echidna det 2 echidna echidna NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 curled curl VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 echidna acl 4 up up ADP _ 3 curled compound:prt 5 into into ADP _ 8 ball case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 ball det 7 spiky spiky ADJ Degree=Pos 8 ball amod 8 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 3 curled obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 echidna punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 curl up participle the echidna not said here a spiky ball vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into ball=Destination
Example 3 Echidnas lay eggs, but they are still mammals.
nsubj obj punct cc nsubj cop advmod parataxis punct root Echidnas NOUN lay VERB eggs NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ they PRON are AUX still ADV mammals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Echidnas echidna NOUN Number=Plur 2 lay nsubj 2 lay lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 2 lay obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 9 mammals punct 5 but but CCONJ _ 9 mammals cc 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 mammals nsubj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 mammals cop 8 still still ADV _ 9 mammals advmod 9 mammals mammal NOUN Number=Plur 2 lay parataxis 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 lay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lay present Echidnas eggs vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result 2 is a present Echidnas = echidna mammals still tree rules
Example 4 It licks up ants with its long, sticky tongue.
nsubj compound:prt obj case nmod:poss amod punct amod obl punct root It PRON licks VERB up ADP ants NOUN with ADP its PRON long ADJ , PUNCT sticky ADJ tongue NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 licks nsubj 2 licks lick VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 licks compound:prt 4 ants ant NOUN Number=Plur 2 licks obj 5 with with ADP _ 10 tongue case 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 tongue nmod:poss 7 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 10 tongue amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 long punct 9 sticky sticky ADJ Degree=Pos 10 tongue amod 10 tongue tongue NOUN Number=Sing 2 licks obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 licks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lick up present It ants with its long sticky tongue vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent ant=Experiencer with tongue=Instrument
Example 5 A baby echidna is called a puggle.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass det xcomp punct root A DET baby NOUN echidna NOUN is AUX called VERB a DET puggle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 echidna det 2 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 3 echidna compound 3 echidna echidna NOUN Number=Sing 5 called nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 called aux:pass 5 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 puggle det 7 puggle puggle NOUN Number=Sing 5 called xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present · passive a baby echidna vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 6 We saw an echidna crossing the bush track.
nsubj det obj acl det amod obj punct root We PRON saw VERB an DET echidna NOUN crossing VERB the DET bush ADJ track NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 saw nsubj 2 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 echidna det 4 echidna echidna NOUN Number=Sing 2 saw obj 5 crossing cross VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 echidna acl 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 track det 7 bush bush ADJ Degree=Pos 8 track amod 8 track track NOUN Number=Sing 5 crossing obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past We a echidna vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer echidna=Stimulus 2 cross gerund a echidna not said here the bush track vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent track=Patient
Example 7 Echidnas live in Australia and New Guinea.
nsubj case obl cc compound conj punct root Echidnas NOUN live VERB in ADP Australia PROPN and CCONJ New PROPN Guinea PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Echidnas echidna NOUN Number=Plur 2 live nsubj 2 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 Australia case 4 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 2 live obl 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 Guinea cc 6 New New PROPN Number=Sing 7 Guinea compound 7 Guinea Guinea PROPN Number=Sing 4 Australia conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Echidnas Australia and New Guinea vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in australia=Location
Example 8 [48] Echidna was a bloodthirsty monster, half maiden, half serpent.
The tree, 10 words punct nummod punct nsubj cop det amod punct advmod amod punct amod conj punct root [ PUNCT 48 NUM ] PUNCT Echidna PROPN was AUX a DET bloodthirsty ADJ monster NOUN , PUNCT half ADV maiden ADJ , PUNCT half ADJ serpent NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 [ [ PUNCT _ 2 48 punct 2 48 48 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 Echidna nummod 3 ] ] PUNCT _ 2 48 punct 4 Echidna Echidna PROPN Number=Sing 8 monster nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 monster cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 monster det 7 bloodthirsty bloodthirsty ADJ Degree=Pos 8 monster amod 8 monster monster NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 maiden punct 10 half half ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 11 maiden advmod 11 maiden maiden ADJ Degree=Pos 8 monster amod 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 serpent punct 13 half half ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 14 serpent amod 14 serpent serpent NOUN Number=Sing 11 maiden conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 monster punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past 48 Echidna a bloodthirsty monster tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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