espresso Who acts: Espresso, Dad, café, cappuccino, lot, Mum · What happens: be, make, force, order, have, come · To what, where: strong dark coffee, hot water, finely coffee beans, one small cup, espresso, shiny new espresso machine · Speech: someone speaks here
«espresso» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: espresso in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Espresso is a strong, dark coffee made by forcing very hot water through finely ground coffee beans.
The tree, 17 words nsubj cop det amod punct amod acl mark advcl advmod amod obj case amod compound compound obl punct root Espresso PROPN is AUX a DET strong ADJ , PUNCT dark ADJ coffee NOUN made VERB by SCONJ forcing VERB very ADV hot ADJ water NOUN through ADP finely ADJ ground NOUN coffee NOUN beans NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Espresso Espresso PROPN Number=Sing 7 coffee nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 coffee cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 coffee det 4 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 7 coffee amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 strong punct 6 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 7 coffee amod 7 coffee coffee NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 coffee acl 9 by by SCONJ _ 10 forcing mark 10 forcing force VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 made advcl 11 very very ADV _ 12 hot advmod 12 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 13 water amod 13 water water NOUN Number=Sing 10 forcing obj 14 through through ADP _ 18 beans case 15 finely finely ADJ Degree=Pos 18 beans amod 16 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 17 coffee compound 17 coffee coffee NOUN Number=Sing 18 beans compound 18 beans bean NOUN Number=Plur 10 forcing obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 7 coffee punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Espresso a strong dark coffee tree rules 2 make participle a strong dark coffee not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 force gerund hot water finely coffee beans vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An espresso is one small cup of this coffee.
det nsubj cop nummod amod case det nmod punct root An DET espresso NOUN is AUX one NUM small ADJ cup NOUN of ADP this DET coffee NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 espresso det 2 espresso espresso NOUN Number=Sing 6 cup nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cup cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 cup nummod 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 cup amod 6 cup cup NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 9 coffee case 8 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 9 coffee det 9 coffee coffee NOUN Number=Sing 6 cup nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 cup punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a espresso one small cup of this coffee tree rules
Example 1 Dad orders an espresso after lunch.
nsubj det obj case obl punct root Dad NOUN orders VERB an DET espresso NOUN after ADP lunch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 orders nsubj 2 orders order VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 espresso det 4 espresso espresso NOUN Number=Sing 2 orders obj 5 after after ADP _ 6 lunch case 6 lunch lunch NOUN Number=Sing 2 orders obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 orders punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 order present Dad a espresso after lunch vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent espresso=Theme
Example 2 The café has a shiny new espresso machine.
det nsubj det amod amod compound obj punct root The DET café NOUN has VERB a DET shiny ADJ new ADJ espresso NOUN machine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 café det 2 café café NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 machine det 5 shiny shiny ADJ Degree=Pos 8 machine amod 6 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 8 machine amod 7 espresso espresso NOUN Number=Sing 8 machine compound 8 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the café a shiny new espresso machine vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent machine=Patient
Example 3 A cappuccino is espresso with frothy milk.
det nsubj cop case amod nmod punct root A DET cappuccino NOUN is AUX espresso NOUN with ADP frothy ADJ milk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cappuccino det 2 cappuccino cappuccino NOUN Number=Sing 4 espresso nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 espresso cop 4 espresso espresso NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 with with ADP _ 7 milk case 6 frothy frothy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 milk amod 7 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 4 espresso nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 espresso punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cappuccino espresso with frothy milk tree rules
Example 4 An espresso comes in a very small cup.
det nsubj case det advmod amod obl punct root An DET espresso NOUN comes VERB in ADP a DET very ADV small ADJ cup NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 espresso det 2 espresso espresso NOUN Number=Sing 3 comes nsubj 3 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 8 cup case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 cup det 6 very very ADV _ 7 small advmod 7 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 8 cup amod 8 cup cup NOUN Number=Sing 3 comes obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present a espresso a small cup vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cup=Location
Example 5 Espresso has a lot of caffeine, so it's not for kids.
nsubj det obj case nmod punct advmod nsubj cop advmod case conj punct root Espresso PROPN has VERB a DET lot NOUN of ADP caffeine NOUN , PUNCT so ADV it PRON 's AUX not PART for ADP kids NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Espresso Espresso PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 lot det 4 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 caffeine case 6 caffeine caffeine NOUN Number=Sing 4 lot nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 13 kids punct 8 so so ADV _ 13 kids advmod 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 kids nsubj 10 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 kids cop 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 kids advmod 12 for for ADP _ 13 kids case 13 kids kid NOUN Number=Plur 2 has conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Espresso a lot of caffeine vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient 2 not is present lot for kids tree rules
Example 6 Mum asked for a double espresso to wake up.
nsubj case det amod obl mark ccomp compound:prt punct root Mum NOUN asked VERB for ADP a DET double ADJ espresso NOUN to PART wake VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 asked nsubj 2 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 6 espresso case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 espresso det 5 double double ADJ Degree=Pos 6 espresso amod 6 espresso espresso NOUN Number=Sing 2 asked obl 7 to to PART _ 8 wake mark 8 wake wake VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 asked ccomp 9 up up ADP _ 8 wake compound:prt 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask past Mum for a double espresso vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 wake up not said to happen to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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