esq

Who acts: man, Mr Toad, you, Esq, person, esquire · What happens: write, name, use, address, be, not use · To what, where: polite title, lawyer, letter, both, James, style letter · Speech: someone speaks here

«esq» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: esq in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Short for «Esquire»: a polite title written after a man's name, mostly in letters, in old-fashioned British style: «John Smith, Esq.».

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	for	for	ADP	_	4 Esquire	case
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 Esquire	punct
4	Esquire	esquire	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Short	obl
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 Esquire	punct
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 title	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 title	det
8	polite	polite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 title	amod
9	title	title	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 Esquire	appos
10	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 title	acl
11	after	after	ADP	_	15 name	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 man	det
13	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 name	nmod:poss
14	's	's	PART	_	13 man	case
15	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 written	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 letters	punct
17	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	19 letters	advmod
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 letters	case
19	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 title	conj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 style	punct
21	in	in	ADP	_	26 style	case
22	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 fashioned	amod
23	-	-	PUNCT	_	22 old	punct
24	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 style	amod
25	British	British	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 style	amod
26	style	style	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 title	parataxis
27	:	:	PUNCT	_	29 John	punct
28	«	«	PUNCT	_	29 John	punct
29	John	John	PROPN	Number=Sing	26 style	appos
30	Smith	Smith	PROPN	Number=Sing	29 John	flat
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 Esq	punct
32	Esq	Esq	PROPN	Number=Sing	29 John	conj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	29 John	punct
34	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 title	punct
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Short	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	participle		a polite title and letters not said here			after a man's name		vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	name		a man						nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: USA — kept apart, not parsed.

Used after the name of a lawyer (man or woman).

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	after	after	ADP	_	4 name	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 name	det
4	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Used	obl
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 lawyer	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 lawyer	det
7	lawyer	lawyer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 name	nmod
8	(	(	PUNCT	_	9 man	punct
9	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lawyer	appos
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 woman	cc
11	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 man	conj
12	)	)	PUNCT	_	9 man	punct
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	participle					after the name of a lawyer		vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	name			a lawyer					nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient

Example 1

The letter was addressed to «Mr Toad, Esq.» – which is wrong, because you don't use both!

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 letter	det
2	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 addressed	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 addressed	aux:pass
4	addressed	address	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	8 Toad	mark
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 Toad	punct
7	Mr	Mr	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Toad	compound
8	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 addressed	obl:agent
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 Esq	punct
10	Esq	Esq	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Toad	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 Toad	punct
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 Toad	punct
13	–	-	PUNCT	_	16 wrong	punct
14	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 wrong	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 wrong	cop
16	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 Toad	parataxis
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 use	punct
18	because	because	SCONJ	_	22 use	mark
19	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	22 use	nsubj
20	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 use	aux
21	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 use	advmod
22	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 addressed	conj
23	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	22 use	obj
24	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 addressed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	address	past · passive	Mr Toad and Esq	the letter		vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Destination
2	is	present	Mr Toad and Esq		wrong property	tree rules
3	not use	present · do-support	you	both		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent both=Patient

Example 2

Write «James Brown, Esq.» on an old-style letter.

The tree, 9 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Write	write	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 James	punct
3	James	James	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Write	obj
4	Brown	Brown	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 James	flat
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 Esq	punct
6	Esq	Esq	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 James	conj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Write	punct
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	1 Write	punct
9	on	on	ADP	_	14 letter	case
10	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 letter	det
11	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 style	amod
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 old	punct
13	style	style	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 letter	compound
14	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Write	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Write	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	imperative	you not said here	James and Esq		a style letter			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent james=Theme on letter=Destination

Example 3

In the USA, «Esq.» after a name often means the person is a lawyer.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 USA	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 USA	det
3	USA	USA	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 means	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 Esq	punct
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 Esq	punct
6	Esq	esq	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 means	nsubj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 Esq	punct
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 Esq	punct
9	after	after	ADP	_	11 name	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 name	det
11	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 Esq	nmod
12	often	often	ADV	_	13 means	advmod
13	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 person	det
15	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 lawyer	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 lawyer	cop
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 lawyer	det
18	lawyer	lawyer	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 means	ccomp
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Esq after a name					in the USA; often property	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in usa=Attribute
2	is a	present	the person	a lawyer					tree rules

Example 4

An esquire once carried a knight's shield.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 esquire	det
2	esquire	esquire	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 carried	nsubj
3	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	4 carried	advmod
4	carried	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 knight	det
6	knight	knight	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shield	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 knight	case
8	shield	shield	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 carried	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 carried	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	past	a esquire	a knight's shield				once property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shield=Theme

Example 5

The invitation said «Henry Wood, Esq.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 invitation	det
2	invitation	invitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 said	nsubj
3	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 Wood	punct
5	Henry	Henry	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Wood	compound
6	Wood	Wood	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 said	ccomp
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 Esq	punct
8	Esq	esq	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 Wood	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 said	punct
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	the invitation						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Example 6

Old envelopes often show «Esq.» after a man's name.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 envelopes	amod
2	envelopes	envelope	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 show	nsubj
3	often	often	ADV	_	4 show	advmod
4	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 Esq	punct
6	Esq	esq	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 show	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 Esq	punct
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 Esq	punct
9	after	after	ADP	_	13 name	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 man	det
11	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 name	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 man	case
13	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 show	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 show	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	Old envelopes	Esq			after a man's name	often property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent esq=Recipient
2	name		a man						nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/esq/