excavate Who acts: Archaeologists, They, Workers, class, Badgers · What happens: excavate, mean, dig, find, dig out, pretend · To what, where: ground, old things, hole, Roman villa, car park, dinosaur bones · Speech: someone speaks here
«excavate» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: excavate in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To excavate means to dig carefully in the ground to find old things such as buildings, bones or tools.
The tree, 19 words mark csubj mark xcomp advmod case det obl mark advcl amod obj case fixed nmod punct conj cc conj punct root To PART excavate VERB means VERB to PART dig VERB carefully ADV in ADP the DET ground NOUN to PART find VERB old ADJ things NOUN such ADJ as ADP buildings NOUN , PUNCT bones NOUN or CCONJ tools NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 excavate mark 2 excavate excavate VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 dig mark 5 dig dig VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 carefully carefully ADV _ 5 dig advmod 7 in in ADP _ 9 ground case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 ground det 9 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 5 dig obl 10 to to PART _ 11 find mark 11 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 dig advcl 12 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 13 things amod 13 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 11 find obj 14 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 16 buildings case 15 as as ADP _ 14 such fixed 16 buildings building NOUN Number=Plur 13 things nmod 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 bones punct 18 bones bone NOUN Number=Plur 16 buildings conj 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 tools cc 20 tools tool NOUN Number=Plur 16 buildings conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 excavate to-infinitive vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 dig not said to happen to-infinitive the ground carefully property vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in ground=Location 4 find to-infinitive old things such buildings and bones or tools vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To excavate means to dig out a hole, tunnel or area, for example for building.
The tree, 15 words mark csubj mark xcomp compound:prt det obj punct appos cc conj punct case obl case obl punct root To PART excavate VERB means VERB to PART dig VERB out ADP a DET hole NOUN , PUNCT tunnel NOUN or CCONJ area NOUN , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN for ADP building NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 excavate mark 2 excavate excavate VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 dig mark 5 dig dig VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 out out ADP _ 5 dig compound:prt 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 hole det 8 hole hole NOUN Number=Sing 5 dig obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 tunnel punct 10 tunnel tunnel NOUN Number=Sing 8 hole appos 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 area cc 12 area area NOUN Number=Sing 10 tunnel conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 example punct 14 for for ADP _ 15 example case 15 example example NOUN Number=Sing 5 dig obl 16 for for ADP _ 17 building case 17 building building NOUN Number=Sing 5 dig obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 excavate to-infinitive vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 dig out not said to happen to-infinitive a hole for example; for building vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent hole=Result for example=Beneficiary
Example 1 Archaeologists excavated a Roman villa under the car park.
nsubj det amod obj case det compound obl punct root Archaeologists NOUN excavated VERB a DET Roman ADJ villa NOUN under ADP the DET car NOUN park NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Archaeologists archaeologist NOUN Number=Plur 2 excavated nsubj 2 excavated excavate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 villa det 4 Roman roman ADJ Degree=Pos 5 villa amod 5 villa villa NOUN Number=Sing 2 excavated obj 6 under under ADP _ 9 park case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 park det 8 car car NOUN Number=Sing 9 park compound 9 park park NOUN Number=Sing 2 excavated obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 excavated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 excavate past Archaeologists a Roman villa the car park vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent villa=Location
Example 2 They are excavating the dinosaur bones slowly with brushes.
nsubj aux det compound obj advmod case obl punct root They PRON are AUX excavating VERB the DET dinosaur NOUN bones NOUN slowly ADV with ADP brushes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 excavating nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 excavating aux 3 excavating excavate VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bones det 5 dinosaur dinosaur NOUN Number=Sing 6 bones compound 6 bones bone NOUN Number=Plur 3 excavating obj 7 slowly slowly ADV _ 3 excavating advmod 8 with with ADP _ 9 brushes case 9 brushes brush NOUN Number=Plur 3 excavating obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 excavating punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 excavate present · progressive They the dinosaur bones with brushes; slowly property vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent bone=Location
Example 3 Workers excavated the ground for the new swimming pool.
nsubj det obj case det amod compound obl punct root Workers NOUN excavated VERB the DET ground NOUN for ADP the DET new ADJ swimming NOUN pool NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 2 excavated nsubj 2 excavated excavate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ground det 4 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 2 excavated obj 5 for for ADP _ 9 pool case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 pool det 7 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 9 pool amod 8 swimming swimming NOUN Number=Sing 9 pool compound 9 pool pool NOUN Number=Sing 2 excavated obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 excavated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 excavate past Workers the ground for the new swimming pool vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent ground=Location for pool=Theme
Example 4 The site was excavated last summer.
det nsubj aux:pass amod obl:unmarked punct root The DET site NOUN was AUX excavated VERB last ADJ summer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 site det 2 site site NOUN Number=Sing 4 excavated nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 excavated aux:pass 4 excavated excavate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 6 summer amod 6 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 4 excavated obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 excavated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 excavate past · passive the site summer vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Location
Example 5 Our class pretended to excavate a sandpit for buried treasure.
nmod:poss nsubj mark xcomp det obj case amod obl punct root Our PRON class NOUN pretended VERB to PART excavate VERB a DET sandpit NOUN for ADP buried VERB treasure NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 class nmod:poss 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 pretended nsubj 3 pretended pretend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 excavate mark 5 excavate excavate VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 pretended xcomp 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 sandpit det 7 sandpit sandpit NOUN Number=Sing 5 excavate obj 8 for for ADP _ 10 treasure case 9 buried bury VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 treasure amod 10 treasure treasure NOUN Number=Sing 5 excavate obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 pretended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend past Our class tree rules 2 excavate to-infinitive Our class not said here a sandpit for buried treasure vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent sandpit=Location for treasure=Theme 3 bury participle vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 6 Badgers excavate long tunnels.
nsubj amod obj punct root Badgers NOUN excavate VERB long ADJ tunnels NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Badgers badger NOUN Number=Plur 2 excavate nsubj 2 excavate excavate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 4 tunnels amod 4 tunnels tunnel NOUN Number=Plur 2 excavate obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 excavate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 excavate present Badgers long tunnels vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent tunnel=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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