expend Who acts: school, you, Birds, energy, rocket, He · What happens: use, spend, use up, run, expend, not expend · To what, where: energy, lot, 500 dollars, new books, effort, start
«expend» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: expend in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
To use or spend energy, time, effort or money.
mark cc conj obj punct conj punct conj cc conj punct root To PART use VERB or CCONJ spend VERB energy NOUN , PUNCT time NOUN , PUNCT effort NOUN or CCONJ money NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 use mark 2 use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 spend cc 4 spend spend VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 use conj 5 energy energy NOUN Number=Sing 4 spend obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 time punct 7 time time NOUN Number=Sing 5 energy conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 effort punct 9 effort effort NOUN Number=Sing 5 energy conj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 money cc 11 money money NOUN Number=Sing 9 effort conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use to-infinitive vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 spend infinitive energy and time and effort or money vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Asset
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
To use up completely.
mark compound:prt advmod punct root To PART use VERB up ADP completely ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 use mark 2 use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 use compound:prt 4 completely completely ADV _ 2 use advmod 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use up to-infinitive completely property vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Running expends a lot of energy.
nsubj det obj case nmod punct root Running VERB expends VERB a DET lot NOUN of ADP energy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Running run VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 expends nsubj 2 expends expend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 lot det 4 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 2 expends obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 energy case 6 energy energy NOUN Number=Sing 4 lot nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 expends punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run gerund vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 expend present a lot of energy tree rules
Example 2 The school expended 500 dollars on new books.
det nsubj nummod obj case amod nmod punct root The DET school NOUN expended VERB 500 NUM dollars NOUN on ADP new ADJ books NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 school det 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 expended nsubj 3 expended expend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 500 500 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 dollars nummod 5 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 3 expended obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 books case 7 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 8 books amod 8 books book NOUN Number=Plur 5 dollars nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 expended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 expend past the school 500 dollars new books tree rules
Example 3 Don't expend all your effort at the start of the race.
aux advmod det:predet nmod:poss obj case det obl case det nmod punct root Do AUX n't PART expend VERB all DET your PRON effort NOUN at ADP the DET start NOUN of ADP the DET race NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 expend aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 expend advmod 3 expend expend VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 effort det:predet 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 effort nmod:poss 6 effort effort NOUN Number=Sing 3 expend obj 7 at at ADP _ 9 start case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 start det 9 start start NOUN Number=Sing 3 expend obl 10 of of ADP _ 12 race case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 race det 12 race race NOUN Number=Sing 9 start nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 expend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not expend imperative · do-support you not said here your effort the start of the race tree rules 2 start the race nom start «event transitive»: of=patient
Example 4 Birds expend energy flying south.
nsubj obj acl advmod punct root Birds NOUN expend VERB energy NOUN flying VERB south ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 2 expend nsubj 2 expend expend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 energy energy NOUN Number=Sing 2 expend obj 4 flying fly VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 energy acl 5 south south ADV _ 4 flying advmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 expend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 expend present Birds energy tree rules 2 fly gerund energy not said here south property vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Much time was expended on the project.
amod obl:unmarked aux:pass case det obl punct root Much ADJ time NOUN was AUX expended VERB on ADP the DET project NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Much much ADJ Degree=Pos 2 time amod 2 time time NOUN Number=Sing 4 expended obl:unmarked 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 expended aux:pass 4 expended expend VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 project case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 project det 7 project project NOUN Number=Sing 4 expended obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 expended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 expend past · passive the project time tree rules
Example 6 The rocket expended all its fuel.
det nsubj det:predet nmod:poss obj punct root The DET rocket NOUN expended VERB all DET its PRON fuel NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rocket det 2 rocket rocket NOUN Number=Sing 3 expended nsubj 3 expended expend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 fuel det:predet 5 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 fuel nmod:poss 6 fuel fuel NOUN Number=Sing 3 expended obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 expended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 expend past the rocket rocket's fuel tree rules
Example 7 He frisked about the meadow, now here, now there, making sprightly leaps, with as little effort as a bird expends in hopping from twig to twig.
The tree, 26 words nsubj case det obl punct advmod ccomp punct advmod conj punct advcl advmod advcl punct case case amod obj mark det nsubj advcl mark advcl case obl case nmod punct root He PRON frisked VERB about ADP the DET meadow NOUN , PUNCT now ADV here ADV , PUNCT now ADV there ADV , PUNCT making VERB sprightly ADV leaps VERB , PUNCT with ADP as ADP little ADJ effort NOUN as SCONJ a DET bird NOUN expends VERB in SCONJ hopping VERB from ADP twig NOUN to ADP twig NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 frisked nsubj 2 frisked frisk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADP _ 5 meadow case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 meadow det 5 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 2 frisked obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 here punct 7 now now ADV PronType=Dem 8 here advmod 8 here here ADV PronType=Dem 2 frisked ccomp 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 there punct 10 now now ADV PronType=Dem 11 there advmod 11 there there ADV PronType=Dem 8 here conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 making punct 13 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 frisked advcl 14 sprightly sprightly ADV _ 15 leaps advmod 15 leaps leap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 making advcl 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 effort punct 17 with with ADP _ 20 effort case 18 as as ADP _ 20 effort case 19 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 20 effort amod 20 effort effort NOUN Number=Sing 15 leaps obj 21 as as SCONJ _ 24 expends mark 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 bird det 23 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 24 expends nsubj 24 expends expend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 effort advcl 25 in in SCONJ _ 26 hopping mark 26 hopping hop VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 24 expends advcl 27 from from ADP _ 28 twig case 28 twig twig NOUN Number=Sing 26 hopping obl 29 to to ADP _ 30 twig case 30 twig twig NOUN Number=Sing 28 twig nmod 31 . . PUNCT _ 2 frisked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 frisk past He about the meadow vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent 2 make gerund He not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 leap present He not said here little effort sprightly property vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme effort=Trajectory 4 expend present a bird tree rules 5 hop gerund a bird not said here twig to twig vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from twig=Trajectory
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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