fertilise Who acts: plants, egg, new animal, Dad, Bees, chick · What happens: fertilise, be, grow, start, make, fertilis · To what, where: soil, living things, something, vegetable patch, apple blossom, pollen
«fertilise» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: fertilise in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To fertilise soil is to add manure, compost or chemicals so that plants grow better.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl obj cop mark obj punct conj cc conj mark fixed nsubj advcl advmod punct root To PART fertilise VERB soil NOUN is AUX to PART add VERB manure NOUN , PUNCT compost NOUN or CCONJ chemicals NOUN so SCONJ that SCONJ plants NOUN grow VERB better ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 fertilise mark 2 fertilise fertilise VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 add advcl 3 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 2 fertilise obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 add cop 5 to to PART _ 6 add mark 6 add add VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 manure manure NOUN Number=Sing 6 add obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 compost punct 9 compost compost NOUN Number=Sing 7 manure conj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 chemicals cc 11 chemicals chemical NOUN Number=Plur 7 manure conj 12 so so SCONJ ExtPos=SCONJ 15 grow mark 13 that that SCONJ _ 12 so fixed 14 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 15 grow nsubj 15 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 add advcl 16 better well ADV Degree=Cmp 15 grow advmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 add punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fertilise to-infinitive soil tree rules 2 is present add property tree rules 3 grow present plants well property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In living things, to fertilise an egg is when a male cell (sperm or pollen) joins a female egg cell so a new animal or plant can start to grow.
The tree, 30 words case amod obl punct mark det nsubj cop mark det amod nsubj punct appos cc conj punct ccomp det amod compound obj advmod det amod nsubj cc conj aux advcl mark xcomp punct root In ADP living ADJ things NOUN , PUNCT to PART fertilise VERB an DET egg NOUN is AUX when SCONJ a DET male ADJ cell NOUN ( PUNCT sperm NOUN or CCONJ pollen NOUN ) PUNCT joins VERB a DET female ADJ egg NOUN cell NOUN so ADV a DET new ADJ animal NOUN or CCONJ plant NOUN can AUX start VERB to PART grow VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 things case 2 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 3 things amod 3 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 6 fertilise obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 fertilise punct 5 to to PART _ 6 fertilise mark 6 fertilise fertilise VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 egg det 8 egg egg NOUN Number=Sing 19 joins nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 joins cop 10 when when SCONJ _ 19 joins mark 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 cell det 12 male male ADJ Degree=Pos 13 cell amod 13 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 19 joins nsubj 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 sperm punct 15 sperm sperm NOUN Number=Sing 13 cell appos 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 pollen cc 17 pollen pollen NOUN Number=Sing 15 sperm conj 18 ) ) PUNCT _ 15 sperm punct 19 joins join VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 fertilise ccomp 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 cell det 21 female female ADJ Degree=Pos 23 cell amod 22 egg egg NOUN Number=Sing 23 cell compound 23 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 19 joins obj 24 so so ADV _ 31 start advmod 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 27 animal det 26 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 27 animal amod 27 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 31 start nsubj 28 or or CCONJ _ 29 plant cc 29 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 27 animal conj 30 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 31 start aux 31 start start VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 joins advcl 32 to to PART _ 33 grow mark 33 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 31 start xcomp 34 . . PUNCT _ 6 fertilise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fertilise to-infinitive living things tree rules 2 is present a egg join property tree rules 3 start can a new animal or plant vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 4 grow to-infinitive a new animal or plant not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: formal, rare — kept apart, not parsed.
To make something richer or more productive, like ideas.
mark obj xcomp cc conj conj punct case obl punct root To PART make VERB something PRON richer ADJ or CCONJ more ADJ productive ADJ , PUNCT like ADP ideas NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 make obj 4 richer rich ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 make xcomp 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 more cc 6 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 richer conj 7 productive productive ADJ Degree=Pos 4 richer conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 ideas punct 9 like like ADP _ 10 ideas case 10 ideas idea NOUN Number=Plur 2 make obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive something like ideas; rich property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product
Example 1 Dad fertilises the vegetable patch with compost every spring.
nsubj det compound obj case nmod det obl:unmarked punct root Dad NOUN fertilises VERB the DET vegetable NOUN patch NOUN with ADP compost NOUN every DET spring NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 fertilises nsubj 2 fertilises fertilis VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 patch det 4 vegetable vegetable NOUN Number=Sing 5 patch compound 5 patch patch NOUN Number=Sing 2 fertilises obj 6 with with ADP _ 7 compost case 7 compost compost NOUN Number=Sing 5 patch nmod 8 every every DET PronType=Tot 9 spring det 9 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 2 fertilises obl:unmarked 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 fertilises punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fertilis present Dad the vegetable patch spring with compost tree rules
Example 2 Bees help to fertilise apple blossom by carrying pollen.
nsubj mark xcomp compound obj mark advcl obj punct root Bees NOUN help VERB to PART fertilise VERB apple NOUN blossom NOUN by SCONJ carrying VERB pollen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bees bee NOUN Number=Plur 2 help nsubj 2 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 fertilise mark 4 fertilise fertilise VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 help xcomp 5 apple apple NOUN Number=Sing 6 blossom compound 6 blossom blossom NOUN Number=Sing 4 fertilise obj 7 by by SCONJ _ 8 carrying mark 8 carrying carry VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 fertilise advcl 9 pollen pollen NOUN Number=Sing 8 carrying obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Bees vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 fertilise to-infinitive Bees not said here apple blossom tree rules 3 carry gerund Bees not said here pollen vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pollen=Theme
Example 3 A hen's egg from the shop is usually not fertilised, so no chick will hatch.
The tree, 16 words det nmod:poss case nsubj:pass case det nmod aux:pass advmod advmod punct advmod det nsubj aux parataxis punct root A DET hen NOUN 's PART egg NOUN from ADP the DET shop NOUN is AUX usually ADV not PART fertilised VERB , PUNCT so ADV no DET chick NOUN will AUX hatch VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 hen det 2 hen hen NOUN Number=Sing 4 egg nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 hen case 4 egg egg NOUN Number=Sing 11 fertilised nsubj:pass 5 from from ADP _ 7 shop case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 shop det 7 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 4 egg nmod 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 fertilised aux:pass 9 usually usually ADV _ 11 fertilised advmod 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 fertilised advmod 11 fertilised fertilis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 12 , , PUNCT _ 17 hatch punct 13 so so ADV _ 17 hatch advmod 14 no no DET PronType=Neg 15 chick det 15 chick chick NOUN Number=Sing 17 hatch nsubj 16 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 17 hatch aux 17 hatch hatch VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 fertilised parataxis 18 . . PUNCT _ 11 fertilised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not fertilis present · passive a hen's egg from the shop usually property tree rules 2 hatch future no chick vn grow-26.2.1 «NP V NP.product PP.patient»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Farmers fertilise their fields before planting wheat.
nsubj nmod:poss obj mark advcl obj punct root Farmers NOUN fertilise VERB their PRON fields NOUN before SCONJ planting VERB wheat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 2 fertilise nsubj 2 fertilise fertilise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 fields nmod:poss 4 fields field NOUN Number=Plur 2 fertilise obj 5 before before SCONJ _ 6 planting mark 6 planting plant VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 fertilise advcl 7 wheat wheat NOUN Number=Sing 6 planting obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 fertilise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fertilise present Farmers Farmers's fields tree rules 2 plant gerund Farmers not said here wheat vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheat=Patient
Example 5 In our science book, the fish eggs were fertilised in the river.
case nmod:poss compound obl punct det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root In ADP our PRON science NOUN book NOUN , PUNCT the DET fish NOUN eggs NOUN were AUX fertilised VERB in ADP the DET river NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 book case 2 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 book nmod:poss 3 science science NOUN Number=Sing 4 book compound 4 book book NOUN Number=Sing 10 fertilised obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 book punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 eggs det 7 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 8 eggs compound 8 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 10 fertilised nsubj:pass 9 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 fertilised aux:pass 10 fertilised fertilis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 11 in in ADP _ 13 river case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 river det 13 river river NOUN Number=Sing 10 fertilised obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 10 fertilised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fertilis past · passive the fish eggs our science book in the river tree rules
Example 6 Don't fertilise the tomatoes too much or the leaves will burn.
aux advmod det obj advmod csubj cc det nsubj aux conj punct root Do AUX n't PART fertilise VERB the DET tomatoes NOUN too ADV much ADJ or CCONJ the DET leaves NOUN will AUX burn VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 fertilise aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 fertilise advmod 3 fertilise fertilise VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 tomatoes det 5 tomatoes tomato NOUN Number=Plur 3 fertilise obj 6 too too ADV _ 7 much advmod 7 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 3 fertilise csubj 8 or or CCONJ _ 12 burn cc 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 leaves det 10 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 12 burn nsubj 11 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 burn aux 12 burn burn VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 much conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 fertilise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not fertilise imperative · do-support you not said here the tomatoes tree rules 2 burn future the leaves vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Once the flower is fertilised, it starts to grow a fruit.
mark det nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct nsubj mark xcomp det obj punct root Once SCONJ the DET flower NOUN is AUX fertilised VERB , PUNCT it PRON starts VERB to PART grow VERB a DET fruit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Once once SCONJ _ 5 fertilised mark 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 flower det 3 flower flower NOUN Number=Sing 5 fertilised nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fertilised aux:pass 5 fertilised fertilis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 starts advcl 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 fertilised punct 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 starts nsubj 8 starts start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 to to PART _ 10 grow mark 10 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 starts xcomp 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 fruit det 12 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing 10 grow obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 8 starts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fertilis present · passive the flower tree rules 2 start present flower vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 3 grow to-infinitive flower not said here a fruit vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location fruit=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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