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foil

Who acts: fencing, police, you, detective, thief, villain · What happens: make, use, wrap, cook, stop, do · To what, where: aluminium, thin sheet, food, someone, bad plan, light thin sword · Speech: someone speaks here

«foil» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: foil in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Metal, usually aluminium, made into a very thin sheet, used to wrap and cook food.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 aluminium	punct
3	usually	usually	ADV	_	4 aluminium	advmod
4	aluminium	aluminium	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Metal	appos
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 made	punct
6	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 aluminium	acl
7	into	into	ADP	_	11 sheet	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 sheet	det
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 thin	advmod
10	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 sheet	amod
11	sheet	sheet	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 made	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 used	punct
13	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 sheet	acl
14	to	to	PART	_	15 wrap	mark
15	wrap	wrap	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 used	xcomp
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 cook	cc
17	cook	cook	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 wrap	conj
18	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 cook	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Metal	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle		aluminium not said here		a thin sheet			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent into sheet=Product
2	use	participle		a thin sheet not said here					vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	wrap	to-infinitive							vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme
4	cook	infinitive		food					vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent food=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

As a verb, to stop someone from doing a bad plan.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	ADP	_	3 verb	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 verb	det
3	verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stop	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 stop	punct
5	to	to	PART	_	6 stop	mark
6	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 stop	obj
8	from	from	SCONJ	_	9 doing	mark
9	doing	do	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 stop	advcl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 plan	det
11	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 plan	amod
12	plan	plan	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 doing	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 stop	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	to-infinitive		someone				as a verb	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality someone=Eventuality
2	do	gerund		a bad plan					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Eventuality

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"The police foiled the robbery."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 foiled	punct
2	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 police	det
3	police	police	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 foiled	nsubj
4	foiled	foil	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 robbery	det
6	robbery	robbery	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 foiled	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 foiled	punct
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 foiled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	foil in a quote	past	the police	the robbery					tree rules

Meaning 3

A light thin sword used in the sport of fencing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 sword	det
2	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sword	compound
3	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sword	amod
4	sword	sword	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 sword	acl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 sport	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sport	det
8	sport	sport	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 used	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 fencing	case
10	fencing	fencing	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 sport	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 sword	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	participle		a light thin sword not said here		the sport of fencing			vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	sport		fencing						nom sport «act intransitive»: of=agent

Example 1

Wrap the sandwiches in foil.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wrap	wrap	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sandwiches	det
3	sandwiches	sandwich	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Wrap	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 foil	case
5	foil	foil	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Wrap	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Wrap	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wrap	imperative	you not said here	the sandwiches		foil			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sandwich=Theme in foil=Destination

Example 2

Cover the dish with foil and bake it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cover	cover	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 dish	det
3	dish	dish	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Cover	obj
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 foil	case
5	foil	foil	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Cover	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 bake	cc
7	bake	bake	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Cover	conj
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 bake	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Cover	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	imperative	you not said here	the dish				with foil	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent dish=Destination with foil=Theme
2	bake	infinitive	you not said here	dish					vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product

Example 3

Never put foil in the microwave.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	2 put	advmod
2	put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	foil	foil	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 microwave	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 microwave	det
6	microwave	microwave	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not put	imperative	you not said here	foil		the microwave			vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent foil=Theme in microwave=Destination

Example 4

The detective foiled the thief's plan.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 detective	det
2	detective	detective	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 foiled	nsubj
3	foiled	foil	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 thief	det
5	thief	thief	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 plan	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 thief	case
7	plan	plan	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 foiled	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 foiled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	foil	past	the detective	the thief's plan					tree rules
2	plan		the thief						nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Example 5

"Foiled again!" shouted the villain.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Foiled	punct
2	Foiled	foil	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 shouted	parataxis
3	again	again	ADV	_	2 Foiled	advmod
4	!	!	PUNCT	_	2 Foiled	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Foiled	punct
6	shouted	shout	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 villain	det
8	villain	villain	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shouted	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 shouted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	foil in a quote	participle					again		tree rules
2	shout speech: express	past	the villain						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

Example 6

Foil is a good conductor of electricity.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Foil	foil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 conductor	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 conductor	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 conductor	det
4	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 conductor	amod
5	conductor	conductor	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 electricity	case
7	electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 conductor	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 conductor	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Foil	a good conductor				of electricity	tree rules

Example 7

Once more she went to her Fairy-godmother who, astonished that her plan had been foiled, now told her to ask for another gown the colour of the moon.

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 more	advmod
2	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 went	advmod
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 went	nsubj
4	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	9 godmother	case
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 godmother	nmod:poss
7	Fairy	fairy	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 godmother	compound
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 Fairy	punct
9	godmother	godmother	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 went	obl
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 astonished	nsubj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 astonished	punct
12	astonished	astonish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 godmother	acl:relcl
13	that	that	SCONJ	_	18 foiled	mark
14	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 plan	nmod:poss
15	plan	plan	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 foiled	nsubj:pass
16	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 foiled	aux
17	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	18 foiled	aux:pass
18	foiled	foil	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 astonished	ccomp
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 told	punct
20	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	21 told	advmod
21	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 went	conj
22	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 told	iobj
23	to	to	PART	_	24 ask	mark
24	ask	ask	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 told	xcomp
25	for	for	ADP	_	27 gown	case
26	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	27 gown	det
27	gown	gown	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 ask	obl
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 colour	det
29	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 ask	obj
30	of	of	ADP	_	32 moon	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 moon	det
32	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 colour	nmod
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	she			her Fairy godmother			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to godmother=Initial_Location
2	astonish	past	her Fairy godmother						tree rules
3	foil	past · perfect · passive		her plan					tree rules
4	tell speech: assert	past	she not said here		her = she		now		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent she=Recipient clause=Topic
5	ask speech: ask not said to happen	to-infinitive	she not said here	the colour of the moon				for another gown	vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent colour=Recipient
6	plan		her = she						nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/foil/