frugal

Who acts: Frugal, frugal meal, Grandma, They, He · What happens: mean, spend, make, be, not waste, eat · To what, where: little, food, frugal supper, frugal life, small cottage

«frugal» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: frugal in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Frugal means spending little and making do with simple things; a frugal meal is small and plain.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Frugal	frugal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	spending	spend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 means	xcomp
4	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 spending	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 making	cc
6	making	make	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 spending	conj
7	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 making	xcomp
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 things	case
9	simple	simple	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 things	amod
10	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 making	obl
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 small	punct
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 meal	det
13	frugal	frugal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 meal	amod
14	meal	meal	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 small	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 small	cop
16	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	parataxis
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 plain	cc
18	plain	plain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 small	conj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Frugal			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	spend not said to happen	gerund	Frugal not said here	little		vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Asset
3	make	gerund	Frugal not said here		with simple things	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
4	is	present	a frugal meal		small property	tree rules
5	be		a frugal meal not said here			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

Grandma is frugal and never wastes food.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 frugal	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 frugal	cop
3	frugal	frugal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 wastes	cc
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	6 wastes	advmod
6	wastes	waste	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 frugal	conj
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wastes	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 frugal	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Grandma					frugal property	tree rules
2	not waste	present	Grandma not said here	food					vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient

Example 2

They ate a frugal supper of bread and cheese.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 ate	nsubj
2	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 supper	det
4	frugal	frugal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 supper	amod
5	supper	supper	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ate	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 bread	case
7	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 supper	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 cheese	cc
9	cheese	cheese	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bread	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 ate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	past	They	a frugal supper of bread and cheese					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent supper=Patient

Example 3

He lived a frugal life in a small cottage.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 lived	nsubj
2	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 life	det
4	frugal	frugal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 life	amod
5	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lived	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 cottage	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cottage	det
8	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 cottage	amod
9	cottage	cottage	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lived	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	He	a frugal life		a small cottage			vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme life=Location

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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