gladden Who acts: sight, sunshine, you, her, song, Nothing · What happens: gladden, be, do, bring back, smile, hear · To what, where: someone, heart, daughter, me, everyone, song
«gladden» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gladden in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To gladden someone is to make them happy or glad.
mark csubj obj cop mark obj xcomp cc conj punct root To PART gladden VERB someone PRON is AUX to PART make VERB them PRON happy ADJ or CCONJ glad ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 gladden mark 2 gladden gladden VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 make csubj 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 gladden obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 make cop 5 to to PART _ 6 make mark 6 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 make obj 8 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos 6 make xcomp 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 glad cc 10 glad glad ADJ Degree=Pos 8 happy conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 gladden to-infinitive someone vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus someone=Experiencer 2 is present happy, make property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To gladden is to bring joy to the eyes or heart, as a sight or a sound does.
The tree, 18 words mark csubj cop mark obj case det obl cc conj punct mark det nsubj cc det conj conj punct root To PART gladden VERB is AUX to PART bring VERB joy NOUN to ADP the DET eyes NOUN or CCONJ heart NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ a DET sight NOUN or CCONJ a DET sound NOUN does VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 gladden mark 2 gladden gladden VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 bring csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 bring cop 4 to to PART _ 5 bring mark 5 bring bring VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 joy joy NOUN Number=Sing 5 bring obj 7 to to ADP _ 9 eyes case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 eyes det 9 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 5 bring obl 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 heart cc 11 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 9 eyes conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 19 does punct 13 as as SCONJ _ 19 does mark 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 sight det 15 sight sight NOUN Number=Sing 19 does nsubj 16 or or CCONJ _ 18 sound cc 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 sound det 18 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 15 sight conj 19 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 bring conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 5 bring punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 gladden to-infinitive vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 is present to the eyes or heart; bring property tree rules 3 do present a sight or a sound vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The sunshine gladdens my heart.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET sunshine NOUN gladdens VERB my PRON heart NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sunshine det 2 sunshine sunshine NOUN Number=Sing 3 gladdens nsubj 3 gladdens gladden VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 heart nmod:poss 5 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 3 gladdens obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 gladdens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 gladden present the sunshine my heart vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus heart=Experiencer
Example 2 Bring me back my daughter, to gladden me with her smiles.
iobj compound:prt nmod:poss obj punct mark conj obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Bring VERB me PRON back ADP my PRON daughter NOUN , PUNCT to PART gladden VERB me PRON with ADP her PRON smiles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bring bring VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 1 Bring iobj 3 back back ADP _ 1 Bring compound:prt 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 daughter nmod:poss 5 daughter daughter NOUN Number=Sing 1 Bring obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 gladden punct 7 to to PART _ 8 gladden mark 8 gladden gladden VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Bring conj 9 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 gladden obj 10 with with ADP _ 12 smiles case 11 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 smiles nmod:poss 12 smiles smile NOUN Number=Plur 8 gladden obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 1 Bring punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bring back imperative you not said here my daughter me vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent i=Destination daughter=Theme 2 gladden to-infinitive you not said here me with her smiles vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent i=Patient with smile=Instrument 3 smile her = she nom smile «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 Her song gladdens everyone who hears it.
nmod:poss nsubj obj nsubj acl:relcl obj punct root Her PRON song NOUN gladdens VERB everyone PRON who PRON hears VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 song nmod:poss 2 song song NOUN Number=Sing 3 gladdens nsubj 3 gladdens gladden VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 3 gladdens obj 5 who who PRON PronType=Rel 6 hears nsubj 6 hears hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 everyone acl:relcl 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 hears obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 gladdens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 gladden present Her song everyone vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus everyone=Experiencer 2 hear present song vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus 3 sing Her = she nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 Nothing gladdens an old man more than a visit from his grandchildren.
nsubj det amod obj advmod case det obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root Nothing PRON gladdens VERB an DET old ADJ man NOUN more ADJ than ADP a DET visit NOUN from ADP his PRON grandchildren NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 2 gladdens nsubj 2 gladdens gladden VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 man det 4 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 5 man amod 5 man man NOUN Number=Sing 2 gladdens obj 6 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 gladdens advmod 7 than than ADP _ 9 visit case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 visit det 9 visit visit NOUN Number=Sing 6 more obl 10 from from ADP _ 12 grandchildren case 11 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 grandchildren nmod:poss 12 grandchildren grandchild NOUN Number=Plur 9 visit nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 gladdens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 gladden present Nothing a old man vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus man=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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