gondola

Who acts: one person, cabin, cable, We, gondolier, Sea Rat · What happens: bottom, row, stand, use, hang, carry up · To what, where: back, canals, cable, people, air balloon, gondola

«gondola» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gondola in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A long, narrow, flat-bottomed boat with a high point at each end, rowed by one person standing at the back with one oar, used on the canals of Venice in Italy.

The tree, 32 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 boat	det
2	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 boat	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 long	punct
4	narrow	narrow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 boat	amod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 narrow	punct
6	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 bottomed	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 flat	punct
8	bottomed	bottom	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 boat	amod
9	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	with	with	ADP	_	13 point	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 point	det
12	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 point	amod
13	point	point	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 boat	nmod
14	at	at	ADP	_	16 end	case
15	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	16 end	det
16	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 point	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 rowed	punct
18	rowed	row	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 boat	conj
19	by	by	ADP	_	21 person	case
20	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	21 person	nummod
21	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 rowed	obl
22	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	21 person	acl
23	at	at	ADP	_	25 back	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 back	det
25	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 standing	obl
26	with	with	ADP	_	28 oar	case
27	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	28 oar	nummod
28	oar	oar	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 standing	obl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 used	punct
30	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 boat	parataxis
31	on	on	ADP	_	33 canals	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 canals	det
33	canals	canal	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 used	obl
34	of	of	ADP	_	35 Venice	case
35	Venice	Venice	PROPN	Number=Sing	33 canals	nmod
36	in	in	ADP	_	37 Italy	case
37	Italy	Italy	PROPN	Number=Sing	35 Venice	nmod
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 boat	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	bottom	participle				tree rules
2	row	participle			by one person	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
3	stand	gerund	one person not said here	the back	with one oar	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at back=Location
4	use	participle		the canals of Venice in Italy		vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

A cabin hanging from a cable that carries people up a mountain (a cable car).

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cabin	det
2	cabin	cabin	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	hanging	hang	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 cabin	acl
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 cable	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 cable	det
6	cable	cable	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hanging	obl
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 carries	nsubj
8	carries	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 cable	acl:relcl
9	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 carries	obj
10	up	up	ADP	_	8 carries	compound:prt
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 mountain	det
12	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 carries	obj
13	(	(	PUNCT	_	16 car	punct
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 car	det
15	cable	cable	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 car	compound
16	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 mountain	appos
17	)	)	PUNCT	_	16 car	punct
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cabin	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hang	gerund	a cabin not said here			a cable			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	carry up	present	a cable		people				vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme people=Beneficiary mountain=Value

Meaning 3

A basket or cabin hanging under a hot-air balloon or airship.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 basket	det
2	basket	basket	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 cabin	cc
4	cabin	cabin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 basket	conj
5	hanging	hang	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 cabin	acl
6	under	under	ADP	_	11 balloon	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 balloon	det
8	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 air	amod
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 hot	punct
10	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 balloon	compound
11	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hanging	obl
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 airship	cc
13	airship	airship	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 balloon	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 basket	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hang	gerund	cabin not said here			a air balloon or airship			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under balloon=Location

Meaning 4

Usage: shops — kept apart, not parsed.

A free-standing set of shelves in a supermarket.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 set	det
2	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 set	amod
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 free	punct
4	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 set	amod
5	set	set	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 shelves	case
7	shelves	shelf	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 set	nmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 supermarket	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 supermarket	det
10	supermarket	supermarket	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 shelves	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 set	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	gerund							vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

We rode in a gondola along the canals of Venice.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 rode	nsubj
2	rode	ride	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 gondola	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 gondola	det
5	gondola	gondola	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rode	obl
6	along	along	ADP	_	8 canals	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 canals	det
8	canals	canal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 rode	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 Venice	case
10	Venice	Venice	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 canals	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 rode	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ride	past	We			a gondola		along the canals of Venice	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent along canal=Trajectory

Example 2

The gondolier sang as he rowed.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 gondolier	det
2	gondolier	gondolier	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sang	nsubj
3	sang	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	as	as	SCONJ	_	6 rowed	mark
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 rowed	nsubj
6	rowed	row	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 sang	advcl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sang	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	past	the gondolier						vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	row	past	gondolier						vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Example 3

We took the gondola up to the top of the mountain.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 took	nsubj
2	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 gondola	det
4	gondola	gondola	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 took	obj
5	up	up	ADP	_	2 took	compound:prt
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 top	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 top	det
8	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 took	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 mountain	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 mountain	det
11	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 top	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 took	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take up	past	We	the gondola		the top of the mountain			vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent gondola=Theme to top=Destination

Example 4

The Sea Rat talked of gondolas and lamps in Venice.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Rat	det
2	Sea	Sea	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Rat	compound
3	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 talked	nsubj
4	talked	talk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 gondolas	case
6	gondolas	gondola	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 talked	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 lamps	cc
8	lamps	lamp	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 gondolas	conj
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 Venice	case
10	Venice	Venice	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 talked	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 talked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	talk	past	the Sea Rat			Venice		of gondolas and lamps	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 5

The hot-air balloon's gondola was made of wicker.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 balloon	det
2	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 air	amod
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 hot	punct
4	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 balloon	compound
5	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gondola	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 balloon	case
7	gondola	gondola	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 made	nsubj:pass
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 made	aux:pass
9	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 wicker	case
11	wicker	wicker	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 made	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past · passive		the air balloon's gondola				of wicker	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Example 6

The gondola swayed gently in the wind.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 gondola	det
2	gondola	gondola	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 swayed	nsubj
3	swayed	sway	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	gently	gently	ADV	_	3 swayed	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 wind	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wind	det
7	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 swayed	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 swayed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sway	past	the gondola			the wind		gently property	vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wind=Location

Example 7

A wide stream flowed through the garden, and on it floated richly ornamented barges and gondolas filled with people dressed in the most elegant manner and covered with jewels.

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 stream	det
2	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stream	amod
3	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 floated	nsubj
4	flowed	flow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 stream	acl
5	through	through	ADP	_	7 garden	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 garden	det
7	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 flowed	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 floated	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 floated	cc
10	on	on	SCONJ	_	12 floated	mark
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 floated	nsubj
12	floated	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	richly	richly	ADV	_	14 ornamented	advmod
14	ornamented	ornament	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 barges	amod
15	barges	barge	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 floated	obj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 gondolas	cc
17	gondolas	gondola	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 barges	conj
18	filled	fill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 barges	acl
19	with	with	ADP	_	20 people	case
20	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 filled	obl
21	dressed	dress	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 people	acl
22	in	in	ADP	_	26 manner	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 manner	det
24	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	25 elegant	advmod
25	elegant	elegant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 manner	amod
26	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 dressed	obl
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 covered	cc
28	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 dressed	conj
29	with	with	ADP	_	30 jewels	case
30	jewels	jewel	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 covered	obl
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 floated	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	flow	participle		a wide stream not said here	the garden		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through garden=Location
2	float	past	a wide stream	ornamented barges and gondolas			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent barge=Agent
3	ornament	participle				richly property	vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent
4	fill	participle		ornamented barges and gondolas not said here		with people	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with people=Instrument
5	dress	participle		people not said here	the elegant manner		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	cover	participle				with jewels	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with jewel=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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