growl Who acts: sound, tummy, dog, boy, bear, giant · What happens: make, be, say, growl, reach, give · To what, where: low rough deep sound, throat, something, low angry voice, low rumbling noise, deep growl · Speech: someone speaks here
«growl» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: growl in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Of an animal like a dog, bear or lion, to make a low, rough, deep sound in the throat as a warning or because it is angry.
The tree, 27 words case det obl case det nmod punct conj cc conj punct mark det amod punct amod punct amod obj case det nmod case det obl cc mark nsubj cop conj punct root Of ADP an DET animal NOUN like ADP a DET dog NOUN , PUNCT bear NOUN or CCONJ lion NOUN , PUNCT to PART make VERB a DET low ADJ , PUNCT rough ADJ , PUNCT deep ADJ sound NOUN in ADP the DET throat NOUN as ADP a DET warning NOUN or CCONJ because SCONJ it PRON is AUX angry ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Of of ADP _ 3 animal case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 animal det 3 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 13 make obl 4 like like ADP _ 6 dog case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 dog det 6 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 3 animal nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 bear punct 8 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 6 dog conj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 lion cc 10 lion lion NOUN Number=Sing 6 dog conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 make punct 12 to to PART _ 13 make mark 13 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 sound det 15 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 20 sound amod 16 , , PUNCT _ 15 low punct 17 rough rough ADJ Degree=Pos 20 sound amod 18 , , PUNCT _ 17 rough punct 19 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 20 sound amod 20 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 13 make obj 21 in in ADP _ 23 throat case 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 throat det 23 throat throat NOUN Number=Sing 20 sound nmod 24 as as ADP _ 26 warning case 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 26 warning det 26 warning warning NOUN Number=Sing 13 make obl 27 or or CCONJ _ 31 angry cc 28 because because SCONJ _ 31 angry mark 29 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 31 angry nsubj 30 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 31 angry cop 31 angry angry ADJ Degree=Pos 26 warning conj 32 . . PUNCT _ 13 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive a low rough deep sound the throat of a animal like a dog and bear or lion; as a warning vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product 2 is present sound angry property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Of a person, to say something in a low, angry voice.
case det obl punct mark obj case det amod punct amod obl punct root Of ADP a DET person NOUN , PUNCT to PART say VERB something PRON in ADP a DET low ADJ , PUNCT angry ADJ voice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Of of ADP _ 3 person case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 person det 3 person person NOUN Number=Sing 6 say obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 say punct 5 to to PART _ 6 say mark 6 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 say obj 8 in in ADP _ 13 voice case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 voice det 10 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 13 voice amod 11 , , PUNCT _ 10 low punct 12 angry angry ADJ Degree=Pos 13 voice amod 13 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 6 say obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert to-infinitive something a low angry voice of a person vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent something=Theme in voice=Manner
Meaning 3 Of a stomach or engine, to make a low rumbling noise: my tummy is growling.
The tree, 15 words case det obl cc conj punct mark det amod compound obj punct nmod:poss nsubj aux advcl punct root Of ADP a DET stomach NOUN or CCONJ engine NOUN , PUNCT to PART make VERB a DET low ADJ rumbling NOUN noise NOUN : PUNCT my PRON tummy NOUN is AUX growling VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Of of ADP _ 3 stomach case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 stomach det 3 stomach stomach NOUN Number=Sing 8 make obl 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 engine cc 5 engine engine NOUN Number=Sing 3 stomach conj 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 make punct 7 to to PART _ 8 make mark 8 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 noise det 10 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 12 noise amod 11 rumbling rumbling NOUN Number=Sing 12 noise compound 12 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing 8 make obj 13 : : PUNCT _ 17 growling punct 14 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 tummy nmod:poss 15 tummy tummy NOUN Number=Sing 17 growling nsubj 16 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 growling aux 17 growling growl VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 make advcl 18 . . PUNCT _ 8 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive a low rumbling noise of a stomach or engine vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product 2 growl present · progressive my tummy vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The dog growled when the boy reached for its bone.
det nsubj mark det nsubj advcl case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET dog NOUN growled VERB when SCONJ the DET boy NOUN reached VERB for ADP its PRON bone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dog det 2 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 3 growled nsubj 3 growled growl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 when when SCONJ _ 7 reached mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 boy det 6 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 7 reached nsubj 7 reached reach VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 growled advcl 8 for for ADP _ 10 bone case 9 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 bone nmod:poss 10 bone bone NOUN Number=Sing 7 reached obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 growled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 growl past the dog vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 reach past the boy for dog's bone vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 If a dog growls, back away slowly.
mark det nsubj punct advmod advmod advmod punct root If SCONJ a DET dog NOUN growls VERB , PUNCT back ADV away ADV slowly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 4 growls mark 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 dog det 3 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 4 growls nsubj 4 growls growl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 away punct 6 back back ADV _ 7 away advmod 7 away away ADV _ 4 growls advmod 8 slowly slowly ADV _ 7 away advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 growls punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 growl present a dog away property vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The bear gave a deep growl.
det nsubj det amod obj punct root The DET bear NOUN gave VERB a DET deep ADJ growl NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bear det 2 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 growl det 5 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 6 growl amod 6 growl growl NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the bear a deep growl vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent growl=Theme
Example 4 "Get out!" the giant growled.
punct ccomp advmod punct punct det nsubj punct root " PUNCT Get VERB out ADV ! PUNCT " PUNCT the DET giant NOUN growled VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Get punct 2 Get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 growled ccomp 3 out out ADV _ 2 Get advmod 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Get punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 2 Get punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 giant det 7 giant giant NOUN Number=Sing 8 growled nsubj 8 growled growl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 growled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get out in a quote infinitive the giant not said here out property vn withdraw-82-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 growl past the giant vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Example 5 My stomach growled during the quiet test.
nmod:poss nsubj case det amod obl punct root My PRON stomach NOUN growled VERB during ADP the DET quiet ADJ test NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 stomach nmod:poss 2 stomach stomach NOUN Number=Sing 3 growled nsubj 3 growled growl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 during during ADP _ 7 test case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 test det 6 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 7 test amod 7 test test NOUN Number=Sing 3 growled obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 growled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 growl past My stomach during the quiet test vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The car engine growled as it climbed the hill.
det compound nsubj acl case obl det obj punct root The DET car NOUN engine NOUN growled VERB as ADP it PRON climbed VERB the DET hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 engine det 2 car car NOUN Number=Sing 3 engine compound 3 engine engine NOUN Number=Sing 7 climbed nsubj 4 growled growl VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 engine acl 5 as as ADP _ 6 it case 6 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 growled obl 7 climbed climb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 hill det 9 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 7 climbed obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 climbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 growl participle the car engine not said here as engine vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 climb past the car engine the hill vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location hill=Theme
Example 7 Never tease a dog that is growling.
advmod det obj nsubj aux acl:relcl punct root Never ADV tease VERB a DET dog NOUN that PRON is AUX growling VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 tease advmod 2 tease tease VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 dog det 4 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 2 tease obj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 growling nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 growling aux 7 growling growl VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 dog acl:relcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 tease punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not tease imperative you not said here a dog vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Patient 2 growl present · progressive a dog vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 The lion growled to warn the other lions away.
det nsubj mark xcomp det amod obj advmod punct root The DET lion NOUN growled VERB to PART warn VERB the DET other ADJ lions NOUN away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 lion det 2 lion lion NOUN Number=Sing 3 growled nsubj 3 growled growl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 warn mark 5 warn warn VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 growled xcomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 lions det 7 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 8 lions amod 8 lions lion NOUN Number=Plur 5 warn obj 9 away away ADV _ 5 warn advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 growled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 growl past the lion vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 warn speech: warn to-infinitive the lion not said here the other lions away property vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lion=Recipient
Example 9 "Nonsense, nonsense!" growled the sleepy Giant.
punct nsubj punct conj punct punct det amod xcomp punct root " PUNCT Nonsense NOUN , PUNCT nonsense NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT growled VERB the DET sleepy ADJ Giant ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Nonsense punct 2 Nonsense nonsense NOUN Number=Sing 7 growled nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 nonsense punct 4 nonsense nonsense NOUN Number=Sing 2 Nonsense conj 5 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Nonsense punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 2 Nonsense punct 7 growled growl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Giant det 9 sleepy sleepy ADJ Degree=Pos 10 Giant amod 10 Giant giant ADJ Degree=Pos 7 growled xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 growled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 growl past Nonsense and nonsense giant property vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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