gutter Who acts: roof, street, Dad, Rainwater, ball, candle · What happens: carry away, take, flicker, go out, climb, clean · To what, where: rainwater, drains, ladder, leaves, gutters, drain
«gutter» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gutter in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A long open pipe along the edge of a roof that carries rainwater away.
The tree, 14 words det amod amod case det nmod case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj advmod punct root A DET long ADJ open ADJ pipe NOUN along ADP the DET edge NOUN of ADP a DET roof NOUN that PRON carries VERB rainwater NOUN away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 pipe det 2 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 4 pipe amod 3 open open ADJ Degree=Pos 4 pipe amod 4 pipe pipe NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 along along ADP _ 7 edge case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 edge det 7 edge edge NOUN Number=Sing 4 pipe nmod 8 of of ADP _ 10 roof case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 roof det 10 roof roof NOUN Number=Sing 7 edge nmod 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 carries nsubj 12 carries carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 roof acl:relcl 13 rainwater rainwater NOUN Number=Sing 12 carries obj 14 away away ADV _ 12 carries advmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 pipe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry away present a roof rainwater away property vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rainwater=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The low channel at the edge of a street that takes rainwater to drains.
The tree, 14 words det amod case det nmod case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj case obl punct root The DET low ADJ channel NOUN at ADP the DET edge NOUN of ADP a DET street NOUN that PRON takes VERB rainwater NOUN to ADP drains NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 channel det 2 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 3 channel amod 3 channel channel NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 at at ADP _ 6 edge case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 edge det 6 edge edge NOUN Number=Sing 3 channel nmod 7 of of ADP _ 9 street case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 street det 9 street street NOUN Number=Sing 6 edge nmod 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 takes nsubj 11 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 street acl:relcl 12 rainwater rainwater NOUN Number=Sing 11 takes obj 13 to to ADP _ 14 drains case 14 drains drain NOUN Number=Plur 11 takes obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 channel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take present a street rainwater drains vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rainwater=Theme to drain=Destination
Meaning 3 The channel along the sides of a bowling lane.
det case det nmod case det compound nmod punct root The DET channel NOUN along ADP the DET sides NOUN of ADP a DET bowling NOUN lane NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 channel det 2 channel channel NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 along along ADP _ 5 sides case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sides det 5 sides side NOUN Number=Plur 2 channel nmod 6 of of ADP _ 9 lane case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 lane det 8 bowling bowling NOUN Number=Sing 9 lane compound 9 lane lane NOUN Number=Sing 5 sides nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 channel punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 Usage: verb, of a candle flame — kept apart, not parsed.
To flicker and almost go out.
mark cc advmod conj advmod punct root To PART flicker VERB and CCONJ almost ADV go VERB out ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 flicker mark 2 flicker flicker VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 and and CCONJ _ 5 go cc 4 almost almost ADV _ 5 go advmod 5 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 flicker conj 6 out out ADV _ 5 go advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 flicker punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flicker to-infinitive vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 go out infinitive almost, out property vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 5 Usage: the gutter — kept apart, not parsed.
A very poor or low way of living.
det advmod amod cc conj case nmod punct root A DET very ADV poor ADJ or CCONJ low ADJ way NOUN of ADP living NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 way det 2 very very ADV _ 3 poor advmod 3 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 6 way amod 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 low cc 5 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 3 poor conj 6 way way NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 living case 8 living living NOUN Number=Sing 6 way nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 way punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 Dad climbed a ladder to clean the leaves out of the gutters.
nsubj det obj mark advcl det obj case case det obl punct root Dad NOUN climbed VERB a DET ladder NOUN to PART clean VERB the DET leaves NOUN out ADP of ADP the DET gutters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 climbed nsubj 2 climbed climb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 ladder det 4 ladder ladder NOUN Number=Sing 2 climbed obj 5 to to PART _ 6 clean mark 6 clean clean VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 climbed advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 leaves det 8 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 6 clean obj 9 out out ADP _ 12 gutters case 10 of of ADP _ 12 gutters case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 gutters det 12 gutters gutter NOUN Number=Plur 6 clean obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 climbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 climb past Dad a ladder vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location ladder=Theme 2 clean to-infinitive Dad not said here the leaves the gutters vn clear-10.3 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme out gutter=Source
Example 2 Rainwater rushed along the gutter into the drain.
nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root Rainwater PROPN rushed VERB along ADP the DET gutter NOUN into ADP the DET drain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rainwater Rainwater PROPN Number=Sing 2 rushed nsubj 2 rushed rush VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 along along ADP _ 5 gutter case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 gutter det 5 gutter gutter NOUN Number=Sing 2 rushed obl 6 into into ADP _ 8 drain case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 drain det 8 drain drain NOUN Number=Sing 2 rushed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 rushed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rush past Rainwater into the drain result ; along the gutter vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into drain=Result
Example 3 My ball went into the gutter at the bowling alley.
nmod:poss nsubj case det obl case det compound obl punct root My PRON ball NOUN went VERB into ADP the DET gutter NOUN at ADP the DET bowling NOUN alley NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 ball nmod:poss 2 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 3 went nsubj 3 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 into into ADP _ 6 gutter case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 gutter det 6 gutter gutter NOUN Number=Sing 3 went obl 7 at at ADP _ 10 alley case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 alley det 9 bowling bowling NOUN Number=Sing 10 alley compound 10 alley alley NOUN Number=Sing 3 went obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past My ball the gutter at the bowling alley vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into gutter=Initial_Location
Example 4 The candle guttered and went out.
det nsubj cc conj compound:prt punct root The DET candle NOUN guttered VERB and CCONJ went VERB out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 candle det 2 candle candle NOUN Number=Sing 3 guttered nsubj 3 guttered gutter VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 went cc 5 went go VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 guttered conj 6 out out ADP _ 5 went compound:prt 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 guttered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 gutter participle the candle tree rules 2 go out past the candle not said here vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 I dropped my coin and it rolled into the gutter.
nsubj nmod:poss obj cc nsubj conj case det obl punct root I PRON dropped VERB my PRON coin NOUN and CCONJ it PRON rolled VERB into ADP the DET gutter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 dropped nsubj 2 dropped drop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 coin nmod:poss 4 coin coin NOUN Number=Sing 2 dropped obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 rolled cc 6 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 rolled nsubj 7 rolled roll VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 dropped conj 8 into into ADP _ 10 gutter case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 gutter det 10 gutter gutter NOUN Number=Sing 7 rolled obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 dropped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drop past I my coin vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coin=Theme 2 roll past coin the gutter vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into gutter=Destination 3 coin my nom coin «possession transitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 Don't play in the gutter when it rains.
aux advmod case det obl mark nsubj advcl punct root Do AUX n't PART play VERB in ADP the DET gutter NOUN when SCONJ it PRON rains VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 play aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 play advmod 3 play play VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 gutter case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 gutter det 6 gutter gutter NOUN Number=Sing 3 play obl 7 when when SCONJ _ 9 rains mark 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 rains nsubj 9 rains rain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 play advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 play punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not play imperative · do-support you not said here the gutter vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 rain present it vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
Example 7 What great waves there were in the gutter, and what a swift current!
The tree, 13 words nsubj amod expl acl:relcl case det obl punct cc nsubj det amod conj punct root What PRON great ADJ waves NOUN there PRON were AUX in ADP the DET gutter NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ what PRON a DET swift ADJ current NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 waves nsubj 2 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 3 waves amod 3 waves wave NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 there there PRON PronType=Dem 5 were expl 5 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 waves acl:relcl 6 in in ADP _ 8 gutter case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 gutter det 8 gutter gutter NOUN Number=Sing 5 were obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 current punct 10 and and CCONJ _ 14 current cc 11 what what PRON PronType=Int 14 current nsubj 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 current det 13 swift swift ADJ Degree=Pos 14 current amod 14 current current NOUN Number=Sing 3 waves conj 15 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 waves punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 current great waves and a swift current tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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