hackles Who acts: hairs, bird, hackles, dog, Rude comments, cat · What happens: stand up, be, raise, make, rise, mean · To what, where: hackles, fox, back, long shiny neck feathers, her · Speech: someone speaks here
«hackles» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hackles in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The hairs or feathers along the back of the neck of a dog, cat or bird that stand up when it is angry or frightened.
The tree, 25 words det nsubj cc conj case det nmod case det nmod case det nmod punct nsubj cc conj nsubj compound:prt mark nsubj cop advcl cc conj punct root The DET hairs NOUN or CCONJ feathers NOUN along ADP the DET back NOUN of ADP the DET neck NOUN of ADP a DET dog NOUN , PUNCT cat NOUN or CCONJ bird NOUN that PRON stand VERB up ADP when SCONJ it PRON is AUX angry ADJ or CCONJ frightened ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 hairs det 2 hairs hair NOUN Number=Plur 19 stand nsubj 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 feathers cc 4 feathers feather NOUN Number=Plur 2 hairs conj 5 along along ADP _ 7 back case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 back det 7 back back NOUN Number=Sing 2 hairs nmod 8 of of ADP _ 10 neck case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 neck det 10 neck neck NOUN Number=Sing 7 back nmod 11 of of ADP _ 13 dog case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 dog det 13 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 10 neck nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 cat punct 15 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 19 stand nsubj 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 bird cc 17 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 15 cat conj 18 that that PRON PronType=Rel 19 stand nsubj 19 stand stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 20 up up ADP _ 19 stand compound:prt 21 when when SCONJ _ 24 angry mark 22 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 24 angry nsubj 23 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 24 angry cop 24 angry angry ADJ Degree=Pos 19 stand advcl 25 or or CCONJ _ 26 frightened cc 26 frightened frightened ADJ Degree=Pos 24 angry conj 27 . . PUNCT _ 19 stand punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand up present the hairs along the back of the neck of a dog or feathers vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present bird angry property tree rules 3 be bird not said here tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To raise someone's hackles (or make their hackles rise) means to make them angry.
The tree, 15 words mark nsubj nmod:poss case obj punct cc parataxis nmod:poss nsubj ccomp punct mark xcomp obj xcomp punct root To PART raise VERB someone PRON 's PART hackles NOUN ( PUNCT or CCONJ make VERB their PRON hackles NOUN rise VERB ) PUNCT means VERB to PART make VERB them PRON angry ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 raise mark 2 raise raise VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 13 means nsubj 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 hackles nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 someone case 5 hackles hackles NOUN Number=Plur 2 raise obj 6 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 make punct 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 make cc 8 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 raise parataxis 9 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 hackles nmod:poss 10 hackles hackles NOUN Number=Plur 11 rise nsubj 11 rise rise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 make ccomp 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 make punct 13 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 14 to to PART _ 15 make mark 15 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 means xcomp 16 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 make obj 17 angry angry ADJ Degree=Pos 15 make xcomp 18 . . PUNCT _ 13 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 raise to-infinitive someone's hackles vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hackles=Theme 2 make infinitive tree rules 3 rise present hackles's hackles vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 make not said to happen to-infinitive hackles angry property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product
Example 1 The dog's hackles rose when it saw the fox.
det nmod:poss case nsubj advmod nsubj ccomp det obj punct root The DET dog NOUN 's PART hackles NOUN rose VERB when ADV it PRON saw VERB the DET fox NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dog det 2 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 4 hackles nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 dog case 4 hackles hackles NOUN Number=Plur 5 rose nsubj 5 rose rise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 saw advmod 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 saw nsubj 8 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 rose ccomp 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 fox det 10 fox fox NOUN Number=Sing 8 saw obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 rose punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rise past the dog's hackles tree rules 2 see past dog the fox vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fox=Stimulus
Example 2 Rude comments really raise my hackles.
amod nsubj advmod nmod:poss obj punct root Rude ADJ comments NOUN really ADV raise VERB my PRON hackles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rude rude ADJ Degree=Pos 2 comments amod 2 comments comment NOUN Number=Plur 4 raise nsubj 3 really really ADV _ 4 raise advmod 4 raise raise VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 hackles nmod:poss 6 hackles hackles NOUN Number=Plur 4 raise obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 raise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 raise infinitive Rude comments my hackles vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hackles=Theme
Example 3 The cat arched its back and its hackles stood up.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj cc nmod:poss nsubj conj compound:prt punct root The DET cat NOUN arched VERB its PRON back NOUN and CCONJ its PRON hackles NOUN stood VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cat det 2 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 3 arched nsubj 3 arched arch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 back nmod:poss 5 back back NOUN Number=Sing 3 arched obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 9 stood cc 7 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 hackles nmod:poss 8 hackles hackles NOUN Number=Plur 9 stood nsubj 9 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 arched conj 10 up up ADP _ 9 stood compound:prt 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 arched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 arch past the cat cat's back vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent back=Patient 2 stand up past cat's hackles vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 His bossy tone put my hackles up.
nmod:poss amod nsubj nmod:poss obj advmod punct root His PRON bossy ADJ tone NOUN put VERB my PRON hackles NOUN up ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 tone nmod:poss 2 bossy bossy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 tone amod 3 tone tone NOUN Number=Sing 4 put nsubj 4 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 hackles nmod:poss 6 hackles hackles NOUN Number=Plur 4 put obj 7 up up ADV _ 4 put advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put up past His bossy tone my hackles vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent hackles=Goal 2 intonate His = he nom tone «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 A cockerel's hackles are long shiny neck feathers.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop amod amod compound punct root A DET cockerel NOUN 's PART hackles NOUN are AUX long ADJ shiny ADJ neck NOUN feathers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cockerel det 2 cockerel cockerel NOUN Number=Sing 4 hackles nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 cockerel case 4 hackles hackles NOUN Number=Plur 9 feathers nsubj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 feathers cop 6 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 9 feathers amod 7 shiny shiny ADJ Degree=Pos 9 feathers amod 8 neck neck NOUN Number=Sing 9 feathers compound 9 feathers feather NOUN Number=Plur root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 feathers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cockerel's hackles long shiny neck feathers tree rules
Example 6 Her hackles rose when someone called her a cheat.
nmod:poss nsubj advmod nsubj ccomp obj det xcomp punct root Her PRON hackles NOUN rose VERB when ADV someone PRON called VERB her PRON a DET cheat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 hackles nmod:poss 2 hackles hackles NOUN Number=Plur 3 rose nsubj 3 rose rise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 when when ADV PronType=Int 6 called advmod 5 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 called nsubj 6 called call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 rose ccomp 7 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 called obj 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 cheat det 9 cheat cheat NOUN Number=Sing 6 called xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 rose punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rise past Her hackles tree rules 2 call past someone her = she vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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