hardship Who acts: Hardship, difficulty, you, one particular difficulty, family, Many people · What happens: be, not have, need, make, face, suffer · To what, where: situation, enough money, other things, one particular difficulty, life, great hardship · Speech: someone speaks here
«hardship» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hardship in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Hardship is a situation of suffering or difficulty, especially from not having enough money, food or other things you need.
The tree, 20 words nsubj cop det case nmod cc conj punct advmod mark advmod acl amod obj punct conj cc amod conj nsubj acl:relcl punct root Hardship NOUN is AUX a DET situation NOUN of ADP suffering NOUN or CCONJ difficulty NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV from SCONJ not PART having VERB enough ADJ money NOUN , PUNCT food NOUN or CCONJ other ADJ things NOUN you PRON need VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hardship hardship NOUN Number=Sing 4 situation nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 situation cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 situation det 4 situation situation NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 suffering case 6 suffering suffering NOUN Number=Sing 4 situation nmod 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 difficulty cc 8 difficulty difficulty NOUN Number=Sing 4 situation conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 having punct 10 especially especially ADV _ 13 having advmod 11 from from SCONJ _ 13 having mark 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 having advmod 13 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 difficulty acl 14 enough enough ADJ Degree=Pos 15 money amod 15 money money NOUN Number=Sing 13 having obj 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 food punct 17 food food NOUN Number=Sing 15 money conj 18 or or CCONJ _ 20 things cc 19 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 20 things amod 20 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 15 money conj 21 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 22 need nsubj 22 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 things acl:relcl 23 . . PUNCT _ 4 situation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Hardship a situation or difficulty of suffering tree rules 2 not have gerund difficulty not said here enough money and food or other things especially property vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient 3 need present you other things not said here vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot thing=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A hardship is one particular difficulty that makes life hard.
det nsubj cop nummod amod nsubj acl:relcl obj xcomp punct root A DET hardship NOUN is AUX one NUM particular ADJ difficulty NOUN that PRON makes VERB life NOUN hard ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 hardship det 2 hardship hardship NOUN Number=Sing 6 difficulty nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 difficulty cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 difficulty nummod 5 particular particular ADJ Degree=Pos 6 difficulty amod 6 difficulty difficulty NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 makes nsubj 8 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 difficulty acl:relcl 9 life life NOUN Number=Sing 8 makes obj 10 hard hard ADV Degree=Pos 8 makes xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 difficulty punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a hardship one particular difficulty tree rules 2 make present one particular difficulty life vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset life=Product
Example 1 The family faced great hardship during the war.
det nsubj amod obj case det obl punct root The DET family NOUN faced VERB great ADJ hardship NOUN during ADP the DET war NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 family det 2 family family NOUN Number=Sing 3 faced nsubj 3 faced face VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 5 hardship amod 5 hardship hardship NOUN Number=Sing 3 faced obj 6 during during ADP _ 8 war case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 war det 8 war war NOUN Number=Sing 3 faced obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 faced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 face past the family great hardship during the war vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hardship=Destination
Example 2 Many people suffered hardship when the factory closed.
amod nsubj obj mark det nsubj advcl punct root Many ADJ people NOUN suffered VERB hardship NOUN when SCONJ the DET factory NOUN closed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 2 people amod 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 suffered nsubj 3 suffered suffer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 hardship hardship NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffered obj 5 when when SCONJ _ 8 closed mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 factory det 7 factory factory NOUN Number=Sing 8 closed nsubj 8 closed close VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 suffered advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 suffered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer past Many people hardship vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hardship=Stimulus 2 close participle the factory vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 3 Pioneers on the trail to Oregon endured many hardships.
nsubj case det nmod case nmod amod obj punct root Pioneers NOUN on ADP the DET trail NOUN to ADP Oregon PROPN endured VERB many ADJ hardships NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pioneers pioneer NOUN Number=Plur 7 endured nsubj 2 on on ADP _ 4 trail case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 trail det 4 trail trail NOUN Number=Sing 1 Pioneers nmod 5 to to ADP _ 6 Oregon case 6 Oregon Oregon PROPN Number=Sing 4 trail nmod 7 endured endure VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 9 hardships amod 9 hardships hardship NOUN Number=Plur 7 endured obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 endured punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 endure past Pioneers on the trail to Oregon many hardships vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hardship=Circumstance
Example 4 The school has a hardship fund to help pay for trips.
det nsubj det compound obj mark acl xcomp case obl punct root The DET school NOUN has VERB a DET hardship NOUN fund NOUN to PART help VERB pay VERB for ADP trips NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 school det 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 fund det 5 hardship hardship NOUN Number=Sing 6 fund compound 6 fund fund NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 7 to to PART _ 8 help mark 8 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 fund acl 9 pay pay VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 help xcomp 10 for for ADP _ 11 trips case 11 trips trip NOUN Number=Plur 9 pay obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the school a hardship fund vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fund=Patient 2 help to-infinitive the school not said here a hardship fund not said here vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 pay infinitive a hardship fund not said here for trips vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for trip=Theme
Example 5 Despite the hardship, they stayed cheerful.
case det obl punct nsubj xcomp punct root Despite ADP the DET hardship NOUN , PUNCT they PRON stayed VERB cheerful ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Despite despite ADP _ 3 hardship case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 hardship det 3 hardship hardship NOUN Number=Sing 6 stayed obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 hardship punct 5 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 stayed nsubj 6 stayed stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 6 stayed xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 stayed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay past they despite the hardship; cheerful property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Losing a job can bring financial hardship.
csubj det obj aux amod obj punct root Losing VERB a DET job NOUN can AUX bring VERB financial ADJ hardship NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Losing lose VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 bring csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 job det 3 job job NOUN Number=Sing 1 Losing obj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 bring aux 5 bring bring VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 financial financial ADJ Degree=Pos 7 hardship amod 7 hardship hardship NOUN Number=Sing 5 bring obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 bring punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose gerund a job vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality 2 bring can Losing financial hardship vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent hardship=Theme
Example 7 The explorers suffered hardships of cold and hunger.
det nsubj obj case nmod cc conj punct root The DET explorers NOUN suffered VERB hardships NOUN of ADP cold ADJ and CCONJ hunger NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 explorers det 2 explorers explorer NOUN Number=Plur 3 suffered nsubj 3 suffered suffer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 hardships hardship NOUN Number=Plur 3 suffered obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 cold case 6 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 4 hardships nmod 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 hunger cc 8 hunger hunger NOUN Number=Sing 4 hardships conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 suffered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer past the explorers hardships of cold and hunger vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hardship=Stimulus
Example 8 The king said, "Oh, Conall, you came through great hardships.
The tree, 10 words det nsubj punct punct discourse punct ccomp punct nsubj conj advmod amod obj punct root The DET king NOUN said VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT Oh INTJ , PUNCT Conall PROPN , PUNCT you PRON came VERB through ADV great ADJ hardships NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 king det 2 king king NOUN Number=Sing 3 said nsubj 3 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 8 Conall punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 8 Conall punct 6 Oh oh INTJ _ 8 Conall discourse 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 Oh punct 8 Conall Conall PROPN Number=Sing 3 said ccomp 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 came punct 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 came nsubj 11 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 said conj 12 through through ADV _ 11 came advmod 13 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 14 hardships amod 14 hardships hardship NOUN Number=Plur 11 came obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past the king vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 come through in a quote past you great hardships through property vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hardship=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous hardnessnext → hardy↑ back to H in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/hardship/