hoard Who acts: you, dragon, Squirrels, farmer, brother, People · What happens: keep, collect, need, hide away, bury, find · To what, where: valuable things, lot, old coins, hoard, gold, nuts
«hoard» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hoard in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A large store of money, food or valuable things, often kept secret.
The tree, 12 words det amod case nmod punct conj cc amod conj punct advmod acl:relcl xcomp punct root A DET large ADJ store NOUN of ADP money NOUN , PUNCT food NOUN or CCONJ valuable ADJ things NOUN , PUNCT often ADV kept VERB secret ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 store det 2 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 3 store amod 3 store store NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 of of ADP _ 5 money case 5 money money NOUN Number=Sing 3 store nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 food punct 7 food food NOUN Number=Sing 3 store conj 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 things cc 9 valuable valuable ADJ Degree=Pos 10 things amod 10 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 7 food conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 kept punct 12 often often ADV _ 13 kept advmod 13 kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 things acl:relcl 14 secret secret ADJ Degree=Pos 13 kept xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 store punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep participle valuable things not said here often, secret property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To collect and keep a lot of something, often more than you need, and hide it away.
The tree, 17 words mark advcl cc conj det obj case nmod punct advmod amod mark nsubj advcl punct cc obj advmod punct root To PART collect VERB and CCONJ keep VERB a DET lot NOUN of ADP something PRON , PUNCT often ADV more ADJ than SCONJ you PRON need VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ hide VERB it PRON away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 collect mark 2 collect collect VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 hide advcl 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 keep cc 4 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 collect conj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 lot det 6 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 4 keep obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 lot nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 more punct 10 often often ADV _ 11 more advmod 11 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 something amod 12 than than SCONJ _ 14 need mark 13 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 14 need nsubj 14 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 more advcl 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 hide punct 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 hide cc 17 hide hide VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 18 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 hide obj 19 away away ADV _ 17 hide advmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 17 hide punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 collect to-infinitive you not said here vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 keep infinitive you not said here a lot of something vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme 3 need present you vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 4 hide away imperative you not said here lot away property vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
Meaning 3 Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.
A buried treasure of old coins or objects found by archaeologists.
det amod case amod nmod cc conj acl case obl punct root A DET buried VERB treasure NOUN of ADP old ADJ coins NOUN or CCONJ objects NOUN found VERB by ADP archaeologists NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 treasure det 2 buried bury VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 treasure amod 3 treasure treasure NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 of of ADP _ 6 coins case 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 coins amod 6 coins coin NOUN Number=Plur 3 treasure nmod 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 objects cc 8 objects object NOUN Number=Plur 6 coins conj 9 found find VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 coins acl 10 by by ADP _ 11 archaeologists case 11 archaeologists archaeologist NOUN Number=Plur 9 found obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 treasure punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bury participle vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 find participle old coins or objects not said here by archaeologists vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent 3 treasure old coins or objects nom treasure «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 The dragon slept on a hoard of gold.
det nsubj case det obl case nmod punct root The DET dragon NOUN slept VERB on ADP a DET hoard NOUN of ADP gold NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dragon det 2 dragon dragon NOUN Number=Sing 3 slept nsubj 3 slept sleep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 6 hoard case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 hoard det 6 hoard hoard NOUN Number=Sing 3 slept obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 gold case 8 gold gold NOUN Number=Sing 6 hoard nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 slept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sleep past the dragon a hoard of gold vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 hoard gold nom hoard «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 2 Squirrels hoard nuts for the winter.
nsubj obj case det obl punct root Squirrels NOUN hoard VERB nuts NOUN for ADP the DET winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Squirrels squirrel NOUN Number=Plur 2 hoard nsubj 2 hoard hoard VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 nuts nut NOUN Number=Plur 2 hoard obj 4 for for ADP _ 6 winter case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 winter det 6 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 2 hoard obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 hoard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hoard present Squirrels nuts winter vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nut=Theme
Example 3 A farmer found a hoard of Roman coins in his field.
det nsubj det obj case amod nmod case nmod:poss nmod punct root A DET farmer NOUN found VERB a DET hoard NOUN of ADP Roman ADJ coins NOUN in ADP his PRON field NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 3 found nsubj 3 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 hoard det 5 hoard hoard NOUN Number=Sing 3 found obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 coins case 7 Roman roman ADJ Degree=Pos 8 coins amod 8 coins coin NOUN Number=Plur 5 hoard nmod 9 in in ADP _ 11 field case 10 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 field nmod:poss 11 field field NOUN Number=Sing 8 coins nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past a farmer a hoard of Roman coins in farmer's field vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hoard=Topic 2 hoard Roman coins in farmer's field nom hoard «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 4 My brother has a hoard of sweets under his bed.
nmod:poss nsubj det obj case nmod case nmod:poss nmod punct root My PRON brother NOUN has VERB a DET hoard NOUN of ADP sweets NOUN under ADP his PRON bed NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 brother nmod:poss 2 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 hoard det 5 hoard hoard NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 sweets case 7 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 5 hoard nmod 8 under under ADP _ 10 bed case 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 bed nmod:poss 10 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 7 sweets nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present My brother a hoard of sweets under brother's bed vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hoard=Patient 2 hoard sweets under brother's bed nom hoard «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 5 People hoarded toilet paper when they were worried.
nsubj compound obj advmod nsubj cop advcl punct root People NOUN hoarded VERB toilet NOUN paper NOUN when ADV they PRON were AUX worried ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 2 hoarded nsubj 2 hoarded hoard VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 toilet toilet NOUN Number=Sing 4 paper compound 4 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 2 hoarded obj 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 worried advmod 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 worried nsubj 7 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 worried cop 8 worried worried ADJ Degree=Pos 2 hoarded advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 hoarded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hoard past People toilet paper vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Theme 2 is past People worried property tree rules
Example 6 Don't hoard the crayons; share them with the table.
aux advmod det obj punct conj obj case det obl punct root Do AUX n't PART hoard VERB the DET crayons NOUN ; PUNCT share VERB them PRON with ADP the DET table NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 hoard aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 hoard advmod 3 hoard hoard VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 crayons det 5 crayons crayon NOUN Number=Plur 3 hoard obj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 7 share punct 7 share share VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 hoard conj 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 share obj 9 with with ADP _ 11 table case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 table det 11 table table NOUN Number=Sing 7 share obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 hoard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not hoard imperative · do-support you not said here the crayons vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crayon=Theme 2 share infinitive you not said here crayons = crayon with the table tree rules
Example 7 These pence the youth hoarded carefully till he had collected enough to buy a beautiful pair of pipes.
The tree, 18 words nsubj det nsubj ccomp advmod mark nsubj aux parataxis advmod mark advcl det amod obj case nmod punct root These PRON pence VERB the DET youth NOUN hoarded VERB carefully ADV till SCONJ he PRON had AUX collected VERB enough ADV to PART buy VERB a DET beautiful ADJ pair NOUN of ADP pipes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 These this PRON Number=Plur PronType=Dem 2 pence nsubj 2 pence pence VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 youth det 4 youth youth NOUN Number=Sing 5 hoarded nsubj 5 hoarded hoard VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 pence ccomp 6 carefully carefully ADV _ 5 hoarded advmod 7 till till SCONJ _ 10 collected mark 8 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 collected nsubj 9 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 collected aux 10 collected collect VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 hoarded parataxis 11 enough enough ADV _ 10 collected advmod 12 to to PART _ 13 buy mark 13 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 collected advcl 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 pair det 15 beautiful beautiful ADJ Degree=Pos 16 pair amod 16 pair pair NOUN Number=Sing 13 buy obj 17 of of ADP _ 18 pipes case 18 pipes pipe NOUN Number=Plur 16 pair nmod 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 pence punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pence present These tree rules 2 hoard past the youth carefully property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 collect past · perfect youth enough property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 4 buy to-infinitive youth not said here a beautiful pair of pipes vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pair=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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