jammed Who acts: it, he, I, They, yoke · What happens: not move, work, jam, pack, push, hurt · To what, where: door, bus, small space, clothes, bag, finger
«jammed» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: jammed in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Stuck so it cannot move or work (the door is jammed).
The tree, 12 words mark nsubj aux advmod advcl cc conj punct det nsubj:pass aux:pass ccomp punct punct root Stuck ADJ so SCONJ it PRON can AUX not PART move VERB or CCONJ work VERB ( PUNCT the DET door NOUN is AUX jammed VERB ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stuck stuck ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 so so SCONJ _ 6 move mark 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 move nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 move aux 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 move advmod 6 move move VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Stuck advcl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 work cc 8 work work VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 move conj 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 13 jammed punct 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 door det 11 door door NOUN Number=Sing 13 jammed nsubj:pass 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 jammed aux:pass 13 jammed jam VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 work ccomp 14 ) ) PUNCT _ 13 jammed punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stuck punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not move can it vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 2 work infinitive vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 3 jam present · passive the door vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: subject=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Packed very tightly; very full (the bus was jammed with people).
The tree, 11 words advmod advmod punct advmod parataxis punct det nsubj aux:pass parataxis case obl punct punct root Packed VERB very ADV tightly ADV ; PUNCT very ADV full ADJ ( PUNCT the DET bus NOUN was AUX jammed VERB with ADP people NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Packed pack VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 very very ADV _ 3 tightly advmod 3 tightly tightly ADV _ 1 Packed advmod 4 ; ; PUNCT _ 6 full punct 5 very very ADV _ 6 full advmod 6 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Packed parataxis 7 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 jammed punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 bus det 9 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 11 jammed nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 jammed aux:pass 11 jammed jam VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 full parataxis 12 with with ADP _ 13 people case 13 people people NOUN Number=Plur 11 jammed obl 14 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 jammed punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 1 Packed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pack participle tightly property vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme 2 jam past · passive the bus with people vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme
Meaning 3 Pushed hard into a small space (he jammed his clothes into the bag).
The tree, 13 words advmod case det amod obl punct nsubj acl:relcl nmod:poss obj case det obl punct punct root Pushed VERB hard ADV into ADP a DET small ADJ space NOUN ( PUNCT he PRON jammed VERB his PRON clothes NOUN into ADP the DET bag NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pushed push VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 hard hard ADV Degree=Pos 1 Pushed advmod 3 into into ADP _ 6 space case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 space det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 space amod 6 space space NOUN Number=Sing 1 Pushed obl 7 ( ( PUNCT _ 9 jammed punct 8 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 jammed nsubj 9 jammed jam VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 space acl:relcl 10 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 clothes nmod:poss 11 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 9 jammed obj 12 into into ADP _ 14 bag case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 bag det 14 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 9 jammed obl 15 ) ) PUNCT _ 9 jammed punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 1 Pushed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 push participle a small space hard property vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into space=Destination 2 jam past he his clothes the bag vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent clothes=Theme into bag=Destination
Meaning 4 Hurt by being squashed (I jammed my finger).
mark aux:pass conj punct nsubj ccomp nmod:poss obj punct punct root Hurt VERB by SCONJ being AUX squashed VERB ( PUNCT I PRON jammed VERB my PRON finger NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 by by SCONJ _ 4 squashed mark 3 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 squashed aux:pass 4 squashed squash VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Hurt conj 5 ( ( PUNCT _ 7 jammed punct 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 jammed nsubj 7 jammed jam VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 squashed ccomp 8 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 finger nmod:poss 9 finger finger NOUN Number=Sing 7 jammed obj 10 ) ) PUNCT _ 7 jammed punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt participle vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 squash gerund · passive tree rules 3 jam past I my finger vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent finger=Theme
Meaning 5 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
Played music together without planning.
obj advmod case obl punct root Played VERB music NOUN together ADV without ADP planning NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Played play VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 music music NOUN Number=Sing 1 Played obj 3 together together ADV _ 1 Played advmod 4 without without ADP _ 5 planning case 5 planning planning NOUN Number=Sing 1 Played obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Played punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play participle music without planning; together property vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent music=Theme
Example 1 The window is jammed and will not open.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass cc aux advmod conj punct root The DET window NOUN is AUX jammed VERB and CCONJ will AUX not PART open VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 window det 2 window window NOUN Number=Sing 4 jammed nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 jammed aux:pass 4 jammed jam VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 8 open cc 6 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 open aux 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 open advmod 8 open open VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 jammed conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 jammed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jam present · passive the window vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: subject=Destination 2 not open future vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 The printer jammed again, so Mum pulled out the paper.
det nsubj:pass acl advmod punct advmod nsubj compound:prt det obj punct root The DET printer NOUN jammed VERB again ADV , PUNCT so ADV Mum PROPN pulled VERB out ADP the DET paper NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 printer det 2 printer printer NOUN Number=Sing 8 pulled nsubj:pass 3 jammed jam VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 printer acl 4 again again ADV _ 3 jammed advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 pulled punct 6 so so ADV _ 8 pulled advmod 7 Mum Mum PROPN Number=Sing 8 pulled nsubj 8 pulled pull VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 out out ADP _ 8 pulled compound:prt 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 paper det 11 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 8 pulled obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 pulled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jam participle the printer not said here again vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme 2 pull out past · passive the printer tree rules
Example 3 The road was jammed with cars after the match.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl case det obl punct root The DET road NOUN was AUX jammed VERB with ADP cars NOUN after ADP the DET match NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 road det 2 road road NOUN Number=Sing 4 jammed nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 jammed aux:pass 4 jammed jam VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 cars case 6 cars car NOUN Number=Plur 4 jammed obl 7 after after ADP _ 9 match case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 match det 9 match match NOUN Number=Sing 4 jammed obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 jammed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jam past · passive the road after the match with cars vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: subject=Destination with car=Theme
Example 4 I jammed my finger in the car door.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case det compound obl punct root I PRON jammed VERB my PRON finger NOUN in ADP the DET car NOUN door NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 jammed nsubj 2 jammed jam VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 finger nmod:poss 4 finger finger NOUN Number=Sing 2 jammed obj 5 in in ADP _ 8 door case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 door det 7 car car NOUN Number=Sing 8 door compound 8 door door NOUN Number=Sing 2 jammed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 jammed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jam past I my finger the car door vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent finger=Theme in door=Destination
Example 5 He jammed all his toys into one box.
nsubj det:predet nmod:poss obj case nummod obl punct root He PRON jammed VERB all DET his PRON toys NOUN into ADP one NUM box NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 jammed nsubj 2 jammed jam VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 all all DET PronType=Tot 5 toys det:predet 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 toys nmod:poss 5 toys toy NOUN Number=Plur 2 jammed obj 6 into into ADP _ 8 box case 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 box nummod 8 box box NOUN Number=Sing 2 jammed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 jammed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jam past He his toys one box vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent toy=Theme into box=Destination
Example 6 The hall was jammed with parents at the concert.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl case det obl punct root The DET hall NOUN was AUX jammed VERB with ADP parents NOUN at ADP the DET concert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 hall det 2 hall hall NOUN Number=Sing 4 jammed nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 jammed aux:pass 4 jammed jam VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 parents case 6 parents parent NOUN Number=Plur 4 jammed obl 7 at at ADP _ 9 concert case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 concert det 9 concert concert NOUN Number=Sing 4 jammed obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 jammed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jam past · passive the hall the concert with parents vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination-Conative»: subject=Theme at concert=Destination
Example 7 The band jammed in the garage all afternoon (informal).
det acl case det obl det obl punct amod punct punct root The DET band NOUN jammed VERB in ADP the DET garage NOUN all DET afternoon NOUN ( PUNCT informal ADJ ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 band det 2 band band NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 jammed jam VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 band acl 4 in in ADP _ 6 garage case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 garage det 6 garage garage NOUN Number=Sing 3 jammed obl 7 all all DET PronType=Tot 8 afternoon det 8 afternoon afternoon NOUN Number=Sing 3 jammed obl 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 10 informal punct 10 informal informal ADJ Degree=Pos 8 afternoon amod 11 ) ) PUNCT _ 10 informal punct 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 band punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jam participle the band not said here the garage afternoon vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in garage=Destination
Example 8 They plunged forward in the mud, and managed somehow to run their yoke on the pole of an ammunition wagon, where it jammed.
The tree, 23 words nsubj advmod case det obl punct cc conj advmod mark xcomp nmod:poss obj case det obl case det compound nmod punct advmod nsubj acl:relcl punct root They PRON plunged VERB forward ADV in ADP the DET mud NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ managed VERB somehow ADV to PART run VERB their PRON yoke NOUN on ADP the DET pole NOUN of ADP an DET ammunition NOUN wagon NOUN , PUNCT where ADV it PRON jammed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 plunged nsubj 2 plunged plunge VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 forward forward ADV _ 2 plunged advmod 4 in in ADP _ 6 mud case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 mud det 6 mud mud NOUN Number=Sing 2 plunged obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 managed punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 managed cc 9 managed manage VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 plunged conj 10 somehow somehow ADV _ 9 managed advmod 11 to to PART _ 12 run mark 12 run run VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 managed xcomp 13 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 yoke nmod:poss 14 yoke yoke NOUN Number=Sing 12 run obj 15 on on ADP _ 17 pole case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 pole det 17 pole pole NOUN Number=Sing 12 run obl 18 of of ADP _ 21 wagon case 19 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 wagon det 20 ammunition ammunition NOUN Number=Sing 21 wagon compound 21 wagon wagon NOUN Number=Sing 17 pole nmod 22 , , PUNCT _ 25 jammed punct 23 where where ADV PronType=Rel 25 jammed advmod 24 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 25 jammed nsubj 25 jammed jam VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 21 wagon acl:relcl 26 . . PUNCT _ 2 plunged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 plunge past They in the mud; forward property vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in mud=Attribute 2 manage past They not said here somehow property vn succeed-74-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 3 run to-infinitive They not said here their yoke the pole of a ammunition wagon vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent yoke=Theme on pole=Trajectory 4 jam past yoke vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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