jerk

Who acts: car, Dad, She, train, fish, He · What happens: move, pull, jerk, let, go, stop · To what, where: hand, jerk, line, him, knee, one corner · Speech: someone speaks here

«jerk» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: jerk in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

To move or pull suddenly and roughly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 move	mark
2	move	move	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 pull	cc
4	pull	pull	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 move	conj
5	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	_	4 pull	advmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 roughly	cc
7	roughly	roughly	ADV	_	5 suddenly	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 move	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	to-infinitive							vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	pull	infinitive						suddenly property	vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

A quick, sudden movement or pull.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 movement	det
2	quick	quick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 movement	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 quick	punct
4	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 movement	amod
5	movement	movement	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 pull	cc
7	pull	pull	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 movement	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 movement	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

Usage: noun, rude, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

A mean or stupid person.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 person	det
2	mean	mean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 person	amod
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 stupid	cc
4	stupid	stupid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 mean	conj
5	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 person	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

The car jerked forward when Dad let go of the brake.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 car	det
2	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 jerked	nsubj
3	jerked	jerk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	forward	forward	ADV	_	3 jerked	advmod
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 let	advmod
6	Dad	Dad	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 let	nsubj
7	let	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 jerked	advcl
8	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 let	xcomp
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 brake	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 brake	det
11	brake	brake	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 go	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 jerked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	jerk	past	the car	forward property	vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent
2	let	past	Dad		tree rules
3	go	infinitive	Dad not said here	of the brake	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme of brake=Initial_Location

Example 2

She jerked her hand away from the hot pan.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 jerked	nsubj
2	jerked	jerk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 hand	nmod:poss
4	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 jerked	obj
5	away	away	ADV	_	2 jerked	advmod
6	from	from	ADP	_	9 pan	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 pan	det
8	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 pan	amod
9	pan	pan	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 away	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 jerked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	jerk	past	She	her hand				away property	vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme

Example 3

The train stopped with a jerk.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 train	det
2	train	train	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stopped	nsubj
3	stopped	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 jerk	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 jerk	det
6	jerk	jerk	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stopped	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stopped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	past	the train					with a jerk	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with jerk=Location

Example 4

The fish gave a jerk on the line.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fish	det
2	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	nsubj
3	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 jerk	det
5	jerk	jerk	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 line	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 line	det
8	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	the fish	a jerk		the line			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: agent=Agent jerk=Theme on line=Asset

Example 5

He woke up with a jerk.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 woke	nsubj
2	woke	wake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 woke	compound:prt
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 jerk	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 jerk	det
6	jerk	jerk	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 woke	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 woke	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wake up	past	He					with a jerk	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with jerk=Instrument

Example 6

It was rude to call him a jerk.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 rude	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 rude	cop
3	rude	rude	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 call	mark
5	call	call	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 rude	advcl
6	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 call	obj
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 jerk	det
8	jerk	jerk	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 call	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 rude	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	It					rude property	tree rules
2	call	to-infinitive		him = he					vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme jerk=Result

Example 7

The doctor tapped my knee and my leg jerked.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 doctor	det
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tapped	nsubj
3	tapped	tap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 knee	nmod:poss
5	knee	knee	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tapped	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 jerked	cc
7	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 leg	nmod:poss
8	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 jerked	nsubj
9	jerked	jerk	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 tapped	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 tapped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tap	past	the doctor	my knee					vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent knee=Location
2	jerk	participle	my leg						vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent

Example 8

Seizing one corner of the half-worn blanket, Iktomi pulled it off with a jerk.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Seizing	seize	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 pulled	advcl
2	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 corner	nummod
3	corner	corner	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Seizing	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	9 blanket	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 blanket	det
6	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	8 worn	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 half	punct
8	worn	worn	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 blanket	amod
9	blanket	blanket	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 corner	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Seizing	punct
11	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 pulled	nsubj
12	pulled	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 pulled	obj
14	off	off	ADP	_	12 pulled	compound:prt
15	with	with	ADP	_	17 jerk	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 jerk	det
17	jerk	jerk	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 pulled	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 pulled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	seize	gerund	Iktomi not said here	one corner of the worn blanket					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent corner=Theme
2	pull off	past	Iktomi	corner				with a jerk	vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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