jump Who acts: you, jump, frog, mouse, She, grasshopper · What happens: jump, be, do, make, not jump, read · To what, where: air, one push, 39 inches, 9 inches, 20 jumps, rope
«jump» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: jump in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To jump is to push yourself up or forward into the air with your legs.
The tree, 15 words mark csubj cop mark obj compound:prt cc conj case det obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root To PART jump VERB is AUX to PART push VERB yourself PRON up ADP or CCONJ forward ADV into ADP the DET air NOUN with ADP your PRON legs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 jump mark 2 jump jump VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 push csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 push cop 4 to to PART _ 5 push mark 5 push push VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 5 push obj 7 up up ADP _ 5 push compound:prt 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 forward cc 9 forward forward ADV _ 5 push conj 10 into into ADP _ 12 air case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 air det 12 air air NOUN Number=Sing 5 push obl 13 with with ADP _ 15 legs case 14 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 legs nmod:poss 15 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 12 air nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 push punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump to-infinitive vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present the air with your legs push property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To jump is to move suddenly because you are surprised or scared.
mark csubj cop mark advmod mark nsubj cop advcl cc conj punct root To PART jump VERB is AUX to PART move VERB suddenly ADV because SCONJ you PRON are AUX surprised ADJ or CCONJ scared ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 jump mark 2 jump jump VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 move csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 move cop 4 to to PART _ 5 move mark 5 move move VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 5 move advmod 7 because because SCONJ _ 10 surprised mark 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 surprised nsubj 9 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 surprised cop 10 surprised surprised ADJ Degree=Pos 5 move advcl 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 scared cc 12 scared scared ADJ Degree=Pos 10 surprised conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 move punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump to-infinitive vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present move, suddenly property tree rules 3 is present you surprised property tree rules 4 be you not said here tree rules
Meaning 3 To jump is to rise suddenly, like a price or a number.
mark cop mark xcomp advmod punct case det obl cc det conj punct root To PART jump VERB is AUX to PART rise VERB suddenly ADV , PUNCT like ADP a DET price NOUN or CCONJ a DET number NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 jump mark 2 jump jump VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 rise cop 4 to to PART _ 5 rise mark 5 rise rise VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 jump xcomp 6 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 5 rise advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 price punct 8 like like ADP _ 10 price case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 price det 10 price price NOUN Number=Sing 5 rise obl 11 or or CCONJ _ 13 number cc 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 number det 13 number number NOUN Number=Sing 10 price conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 jump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump to-infinitive tree rules 2 is present like a price or a number; rise, suddenly property tree rules
Meaning 4 A jump is one push into the air, or the distance of it.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj cop nummod case det nmod punct cc det conj case nmod punct root A DET jump NOUN is AUX one NUM push NOUN into ADP the DET air NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ the DET distance NOUN of ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 jump det 2 jump jump NOUN Number=Sing 5 push nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 push cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 push nummod 5 push push NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 into into ADP _ 8 air case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 air det 8 air air NOUN Number=Sing 5 push nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 distance punct 10 or or CCONJ _ 12 distance cc 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 distance det 12 distance distance NOUN Number=Sing 5 push conj 13 of of ADP _ 14 it case 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 distance nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 push punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a jump one push or the distance of distance the air tree rules
Example 1 The frog jumped 39 inches.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET frog NOUN jumped VERB 39 NUM inches NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 frog det 2 frog frog NOUN Number=Sing 3 jumped nsubj 3 jumped jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 39 39 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 inches nummod 5 inches inch NOUN Number=Plur 3 jumped obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 jumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump past the frog 39 inches vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme inch=Trajectory
Example 2 The mouse jumped 9 inches less than the frog.
det nsubj nummod obj obl case det obl punct root The DET mouse NOUN jumped VERB 9 NUM inches NOUN less ADJ than ADP the DET frog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 mouse det 2 mouse mouse NOUN Number=Sing 3 jumped nsubj 3 jumped jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 9 9 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 inches nummod 5 inches inch NOUN Number=Plur 3 jumped obj 6 less less ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 jumped obl 7 than than ADP _ 9 frog case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 frog det 9 frog frog NOUN Number=Sing 6 less obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 jumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump past the mouse 9 inches less obl vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme inch=Trajectory
Example 3 She did 20 jumps.
nsubj nummod obj punct root She PRON did VERB 20 NUM jumps NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 did nsubj 2 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 jumps nummod 4 jumps jump NOUN Number=Plur 2 did obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past She 20 jumps vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jump=Eventuality
Example 4 How far did the grasshopper jump?
advmod advmod aux det nsubj punct root How ADV far ADV did AUX the DET grasshopper NOUN jump VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 far advmod 2 far far ADV Degree=Pos 6 jump advmod 3 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 jump aux 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 grasshopper det 5 grasshopper grasshopper NOUN Number=Sing 6 jump nsubj 6 jump jump VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 jump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump past · do-support the grasshopper far property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 We jump rope at recess.
nsubj obj case obl punct root We PRON jump VERB rope NOUN at ADP recess NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 jump nsubj 2 jump jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 rope rope NOUN Number=Sing 2 jump obj 4 at at ADP _ 5 recess case 5 recess recess NOUN Number=Sing 2 jump obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 jump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump present We rope recess vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent rope=Theme at recess=Trajectory
Example 6 The loud bang made me jump.
det amod nsubj obj xcomp punct root The DET loud ADJ bang NOUN made VERB me PRON jump VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bang det 2 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 3 bang amod 3 bang bang NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj 4 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 made obj 6 jump jump VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 made xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the loud bang me tree rules 2 jump infinitive me not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 On the number line, make jumps of 5 from 0 to 30.
case det compound obl punct obj case nmod case obl case nmod punct root On ADP the DET number NOUN line NOUN , PUNCT make VERB jumps NOUN of ADP 5 NUM from ADP 0 NUM to ADP 30 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on ADP _ 4 line case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 line det 3 number number NOUN Number=Sing 4 line compound 4 line line NOUN Number=Sing 6 make obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 line punct 6 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 jumps jump NOUN Number=Plur 6 make obj 8 of of ADP _ 9 5 case 9 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 jumps nmod 10 from from ADP _ 11 0 case 11 0 0 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 make obl 12 to to ADP _ 13 30 case 13 30 30 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 0 nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make imperative you not said here jumps of 5 the number line from 0 to 30 vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset jump=Product from 0=Material
Example 8 The price of apples jumped last week.
det nsubj case nmod amod obl:unmarked punct root The DET price NOUN of ADP apples NOUN jumped VERB last ADJ week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 price det 2 price price NOUN Number=Sing 5 jumped nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 apples case 4 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 2 price nmod 5 jumped jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 7 week amod 7 week week NOUN Number=Sing 5 jumped obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 jumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump past the price of apples week vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 9 The horse jumped over the fence.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET horse NOUN jumped VERB over ADP the DET fence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 horse det 2 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 3 jumped nsubj 3 jumped jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 over over ADP _ 6 fence case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 fence det 6 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 3 jumped obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 jumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump past the horse the fence vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over fence=Trajectory
Example 10 Don't jump to conclusions before you read the whole story.
aux advmod case obl mark nsubj advcl det amod obj punct root Do AUX n't PART jump VERB to ADP conclusions NOUN before SCONJ you PRON read VERB the DET whole ADJ story NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 jump aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 jump advmod 3 jump jump VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 5 conclusions case 5 conclusions conclusion NOUN Number=Plur 3 jump obl 6 before before SCONJ _ 8 read mark 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 read nsubj 8 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 jump advcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 story det 10 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 11 story amod 11 story story NOUN Number=Sing 8 read obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 jump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not jump imperative · do-support you not said here to conclusions result vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to conclusion=Result 2 read present you the whole story vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Topic
Example 11 Perhaps he could jump over it.
advmod nsubj aux case obl punct root Perhaps ADV he PRON could AUX jump VERB over ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Perhaps perhaps ADV _ 4 jump advmod 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 jump nsubj 3 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 jump aux 4 jump jump VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 over over ADP _ 6 it case 6 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 jump obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 jump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump could he it perhaps property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over it=Trajectory
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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