lean Who acts: Lean, you, She, Leaning Tower, runner · What happens: lean, be, lean on, mean, have, not lean · To what, where: weight, someone, little fat, window, bike, wall · Speech: someone speaks here
«lean» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lean in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To lean is to bend your body towards something or away from straight: «Lean forward».
The tree, 15 words mark csubj cop mark nmod:poss obj case obl cc conj case obl punct punct parataxis advmod punct punct root To PART lean VERB is AUX to PART bend VERB your PRON body NOUN towards ADP something PRON or CCONJ away ADV from ADP straight ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT Lean VERB forward ADV » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lean mark 2 lean lean VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 bend csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 bend cop 4 to to PART _ 5 bend mark 5 bend bend VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 body nmod:poss 7 body body NOUN Number=Sing 5 bend obj 8 towards towards ADP _ 9 something case 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 bend obl 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 away cc 11 away away ADV _ 9 something conj 12 from from ADP _ 13 straight case 13 straight straight ADV _ 11 away obl 14 : : PUNCT _ 16 Lean punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 16 Lean punct 16 Lean lean VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 bend parataxis 17 forward forward ADV _ 16 Lean advmod 18 » » PUNCT _ 16 Lean punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 bend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lean to-infinitive vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present towards something; bend property tree rules 3 lean in a quote infinitive forward property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To lean on or against something is to rest your weight on it.
mark compound:prt cc case obl cop mark conj nmod:poss obj case obl punct root To PART lean VERB on ADP or CCONJ against ADP something PRON is AUX to PART rest VERB your PRON weight NOUN on ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lean mark 2 lean lean VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 2 lean compound:prt 4 or or CCONJ _ 9 rest cc 5 against against ADP _ 6 something case 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 rest obl 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 rest cop 8 to to PART _ 9 rest mark 9 rest rest VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 lean conj 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 weight nmod:poss 11 weight weight NOUN Number=Sing 9 rest obj 12 on on ADP _ 13 it case 13 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 rest obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 lean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lean on to-infinitive vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 is present weight against something; rest property tree rules
Meaning 3 To lean on someone is to depend on them for help.
mark advcl case obl cop mark case obl case obl punct root To PART lean VERB on ADP someone PRON is AUX to PART depend VERB on ADP them PRON for ADP help NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lean mark 2 lean lean VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 depend advcl 3 on on ADP _ 4 someone case 4 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 lean obl 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 depend cop 6 to to PART _ 7 depend mark 7 depend depend VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 on on ADP _ 9 them case 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 depend obl 10 for for ADP _ 11 help case 11 help help NOUN Number=Sing 7 depend obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 depend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lean to-infinitive someone vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on someone=Location 2 is present on them = they ; for help; depend property tree rules
Meaning 4 Lean (adjective) means thin and fit, or (of meat) having little fat.
The tree, 12 words nsubj punct appos punct xcomp cc conj punct cc punct case compound punct ccomp amod obj punct root Lean NOUN ( PUNCT adjective NOUN ) PUNCT means VERB thin ADJ and CCONJ fit ADJ , PUNCT or CCONJ ( PUNCT of ADP meat NOUN ) PUNCT having VERB little ADJ fat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lean lean NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 adjective punct 3 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 1 Lean appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 adjective punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means xcomp 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 fit cc 8 fit fit ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thin conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 15 having punct 10 or or CCONJ _ 15 having cc 11 ( ( PUNCT _ 13 meat punct 12 of of ADP _ 13 meat case 13 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing 15 having compound 14 ) ) PUNCT _ 13 meat punct 15 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 means ccomp 16 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 17 fat amod 17 fat fat NOUN Number=Sing 15 having obj 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Lean thin property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 have gerund little fat vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fat=Patient
Example 1 Don't lean out of the window.
aux advmod case case det obl punct root Do AUX n't PART lean VERB out ADP of ADP the DET window NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 lean aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 lean advmod 3 lean lean VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 out out ADP _ 7 window case 5 of of ADP _ 7 window case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 window det 7 window window NOUN Number=Sing 3 lean obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 lean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not lean imperative · do-support you not said here the window vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent out window=Location
Example 2 Lean your bike against the wall.
nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root Lean VERB your PRON bike NOUN against ADP the DET wall NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lean lean VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 bike nmod:poss 3 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 1 Lean obj 4 against against ADP _ 6 wall case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 wall det 6 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 1 Lean obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Lean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lean imperative you not said here your bike the wall vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bike=Theme against wall=Destination
Example 3 She leaned forward to hear better.
nsubj advmod mark advcl xcomp punct root She PRON leaned VERB forward ADV to PART hear VERB better ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 leaned nsubj 2 leaned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 forward forward ADV _ 2 leaned advmod 4 to to PART _ 5 hear mark 5 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 leaned advcl 6 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 hear xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 leaned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past She forward property vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 hear to-infinitive She not said here good property vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer
Example 4 The Leaning Tower of Pisa leans to one side.
det compound nsubj case nmod case nummod obl punct root The DET Leaning PROPN Tower PROPN of ADP Pisa PROPN leans VERB to ADP one NUM side NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Tower det 2 Leaning Leaning PROPN Number=Sing 3 Tower compound 3 Tower Tower PROPN Number=Sing 6 leans nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 5 Pisa case 5 Pisa Pisa PROPN Number=Sing 3 Tower nmod 6 leans lean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to ADP _ 9 side case 8 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 side nummod 9 side side NOUN Number=Sing 6 leans obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 leans punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lean present the Leaning Tower of Pisa to one side vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 You can always lean on your family for help.
nsubj aux advmod case nmod:poss obl case obl punct root You PRON can AUX always ADV lean VERB on ADP your PRON family NOUN for ADP help NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 lean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 lean aux 3 always always ADV PronType=Tot 4 lean advmod 4 lean lean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 family case 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 family nmod:poss 7 family family NOUN Number=Sing 4 lean obl 8 for for ADP _ 9 help case 9 help help NOUN Number=Sing 4 lean obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 lean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lean can You your family for help; always property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on family=Location
Example 6 Don't lean back on your chair.
aux advmod advmod case nmod:poss obl punct root Do AUX n't PART lean VERB back ADV on ADP your PRON chair NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 lean aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 lean advmod 3 lean lean VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 back back ADV _ 3 lean advmod 5 on on ADP _ 7 chair case 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 chair nmod:poss 7 chair chair NOUN Number=Sing 3 lean obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 lean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not lean back imperative · do-support you not said here your chair vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on chair=Location
Example 7 Choose lean meat for a healthy meal.
amod obj case det amod obl punct root Choose VERB lean ADJ meat NOUN for ADP a DET healthy ADJ meal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Choose choose VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 lean lean ADJ Degree=Pos 3 meat amod 3 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing 1 Choose obj 4 for for ADP _ 7 meal case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 meal det 6 healthy healthy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 meal amod 7 meal meal NOUN Number=Sing 1 Choose obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Choose punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 choose imperative you not said here lean meat for a healthy meal vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent meat=Theme for meal=Beneficiary
Example 8 The runner was tall and lean.
det nsubj cop cc conj punct root The DET runner NOUN was AUX tall ADJ and CCONJ lean VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 runner det 2 runner runner NOUN Number=Sing 4 tall nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 tall cop 4 tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 lean cc 6 lean lean VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 tall conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 tall punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the runner tall property tree rules 2 lean infinitive the runner not said here vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 9 Lean your little head against us."
nmod:poss amod obj case obl punct punct root Lean VERB your PRON little ADJ head NOUN against ADP us PRON . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lean lean VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 head nmod:poss 3 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 4 head amod 4 head head NOUN Number=Sing 1 Lean obj 5 against against ADP _ 6 us case 6 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 1 Lean obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Lean punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 1 Lean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lean imperative you not said here your little head against us vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme against we=Destination
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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