lengthen Who acts: days, Mum, I, you, shadows, Runners · What happens: lengthen, mean, make, become, grow, go down · To what, where: something, it, skirt, sentence, trousers, shadows · Speech: someone speaks here
«lengthen» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lengthen in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To lengthen something means to make it longer: «lengthen a skirt», «lengthen a sentence».
The tree, 14 words mark csubj obj mark xcomp obj xcomp punct punct parataxis det obj punct punct punct conj det obj punct punct root To PART lengthen VERB something PRON means VERB to PART make VERB it PRON longer ADJ : PUNCT « PUNCT lengthen VERB a DET skirt NOUN » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT lengthen VERB a DET sentence NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lengthen mark 2 lengthen lengthen VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 lengthen obj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 make mark 6 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 make obj 8 longer long ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 make xcomp 9 : : PUNCT _ 11 lengthen punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 11 lengthen punct 11 lengthen lengthen VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 means parataxis 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 skirt det 13 skirt skirt NOUN Number=Sing 11 lengthen obj 14 » » PUNCT _ 11 lengthen punct 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 lengthen punct 16 « « PUNCT _ 17 lengthen punct 17 lengthen lengthen VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 11 lengthen conj 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 sentence det 19 sentence sentence NOUN Number=Sing 17 lengthen obj 20 » » PUNCT _ 17 lengthen punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lengthen to-infinitive something vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent something=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 make not said to happen to-infinitive it long property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product 4 lengthen in a quote infinitive a skirt vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent skirt=Patient 5 lengthen in a quote infinitive a sentence vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sentence=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To lengthen means to become longer: «The days lengthen in spring».
The tree, 11 words mark csubj mark xcomp advmod punct punct det nsubj parataxis case obl punct punct root To PART lengthen VERB means VERB to PART become VERB longer ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET days NOUN lengthen VERB in ADP spring NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lengthen mark 2 lengthen lengthen VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 become mark 5 become become VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 longer long ADV Degree=Cmp 5 become advmod 7 : : PUNCT _ 11 lengthen punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 11 lengthen punct 9 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 days det 10 days day NOUN Number=Plur 11 lengthen nsubj 11 lengthen lengthen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 means parataxis 12 in in ADP _ 13 spring case 13 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 11 lengthen obl 14 » » PUNCT _ 11 lengthen punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lengthen to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 become not said to happen to-infinitive long property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient 4 lengthen in a quote present the days spring vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 1 The days lengthen after midwinter.
det nsubj case obl punct root The DET days NOUN lengthen VERB after ADP midwinter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 days det 2 days day NOUN Number=Plur 3 lengthen nsubj 3 lengthen lengthen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 after after ADP _ 5 midwinter case 5 midwinter midwinter NOUN Number=Sing 3 lengthen obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 lengthen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lengthen present the days after midwinter vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 Mum lengthened my trousers because I grew.
nsubj nmod:poss obj mark nsubj advcl punct root Mum NOUN lengthened VERB my PRON trousers NOUN because SCONJ I PRON grew VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 lengthened nsubj 2 lengthened lengthen VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 trousers nmod:poss 4 trousers trousers NOUN Number=Plur 2 lengthened obj 5 because because SCONJ _ 7 grew mark 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 grew nsubj 7 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 lengthened advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 lengthened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lengthen participle Mum my trousers vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent trousers=Patient 2 grow past I vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 Can you lengthen this sentence with an adjective?
aux nsubj det obj case det obl punct root Can AUX you PRON lengthen VERB this DET sentence NOUN with ADP an DET adjective NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 lengthen aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 lengthen nsubj 3 lengthen lengthen VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 sentence det 5 sentence sentence NOUN Number=Sing 3 lengthen obj 6 with with ADP _ 8 adjective case 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 adjective det 8 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 3 lengthen obl 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 lengthen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lengthen can you this sentence with a adjective vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent sentence=Patient with adjective=Instrument
Example 4 The shadows lengthened as the sun went down.
det nsubj acl case det obl advmod punct root The DET shadows NOUN lengthened VERB as ADP the DET sun NOUN went VERB down ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 shadows det 2 shadows shadow NOUN Number=Plur 7 went nsubj 3 lengthened lengthen VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 shadows acl 4 as as ADP _ 6 sun case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sun det 6 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 3 lengthened obl 7 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 down down ADV _ 7 went advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lengthen participle the shadows not said here as the sun vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 go down past the shadows down property vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Example 5 Runners lengthen their stride to go faster.
nsubj nmod:poss obj mark advcl advmod punct root Runners NOUN lengthen VERB their PRON stride NOUN to PART go VERB faster ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Runners runner NOUN Number=Plur 2 lengthen nsubj 2 lengthen lengthen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 stride nmod:poss 4 stride stride NOUN Number=Sing 2 lengthen obj 5 to to PART _ 6 go mark 6 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 lengthen advcl 7 faster fast ADV Degree=Cmp 6 go advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 lengthen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lengthen present Runners Runners's stride vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent stride=Patient 2 go to-infinitive Runners not said here fast property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 stride Runners = runner nom stride «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 The teacher lengthened break time because of the sunshine.
det acl compound obl:unmarked case fixed det obl punct root The DET teacher NOUN lengthened VERB break NOUN time NOUN because ADP of ADP the DET sunshine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 lengthened lengthen VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 teacher acl 4 break break NOUN Number=Sing 5 time compound 5 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 lengthened obl:unmarked 6 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 9 sunshine case 7 of of ADP _ 6 because fixed 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 sunshine det 9 sunshine sunshine NOUN Number=Sing 3 lengthened obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 teacher punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lengthen participle the teacher not said here time because the sunshine vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 7 We lengthened the rope by tying two together.
nsubj det obj mark advcl obj advmod punct root We PRON lengthened VERB the DET rope NOUN by SCONJ tying VERB two NUM together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 lengthened nsubj 2 lengthened lengthen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 rope det 4 rope rope NOUN Number=Sing 2 lengthened obj 5 by by SCONJ _ 6 tying mark 6 tying tie VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 lengthened advcl 7 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 tying obj 8 together together ADV _ 7 two advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 lengthened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lengthen past We the rope vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent rope=Patient 2 tie gerund We not said here two vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent two=Patient
Example 8 The queue lengthened as more people came.
det nsubj acl case amod obl punct root The DET queue NOUN lengthened VERB as ADP more ADJ people NOUN came VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 queue det 2 queue queue NOUN Number=Sing 7 came nsubj 3 lengthened lengthen VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 queue acl 4 as as ADP _ 6 people case 5 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 people amod 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 lengthened obl 7 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lengthen participle the queue not said here as more people vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 come past the queue vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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