letter Who acts: letter, we, you, word, mailman, She · What happens: be, use, write, send, stand, mean · To what, where: one, signs, words, written message, someone, maths · Speech: someone speaks here
«letter» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: letter in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A letter is one of the signs we use to write words, like A, b or Z.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl mark advcl obj punct case det punct conj cc conj punct root A DET letter NOUN is AUX one NUM of ADP the DET signs NOUN we PRON use VERB to PART write VERB words NOUN , PUNCT like ADP A DET , PUNCT b NOUN or CCONJ Z NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 letter det 2 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 4 one nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 one cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 signs case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 signs det 7 signs sign NOUN Number=Plur 4 one nmod 8 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 use nsubj 9 use use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 signs acl:relcl 10 to to PART _ 11 write mark 11 write write VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 use advcl 12 words word NOUN Number=Plur 11 write obj 13 , , PUNCT _ 17 b punct 14 like like ADP _ 17 b case 15 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 b det 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 b punct 17 b B NOUN Number=Sing 4 one conj 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 Z cc 19 Z z NOUN Number=Sing 17 b conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a letter one and a b or Z of the signs tree rules 2 use present we the signs not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Patient 3 write to-infinitive we not said here words vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A letter is a written message you send to someone, usually in an envelope by post.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det amod nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct advmod case det parataxis case nmod punct root A DET letter NOUN is AUX a DET written VERB message NOUN you PRON send VERB to ADP someone PRON , PUNCT usually ADV in ADP an DET envelope NOUN by ADP post NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 letter det 2 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 6 message nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 message cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 message det 5 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 message amod 6 message message NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 send nsubj 8 send send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 message acl:relcl 9 to to ADP _ 10 someone case 10 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 send obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 envelope punct 12 usually usually ADV _ 15 envelope advmod 13 in in ADP _ 15 envelope case 14 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 envelope det 15 envelope envelope NOUN Number=Sing 6 message parataxis 16 by by ADP _ 17 post case 17 post post NOUN Number=Sing 15 envelope nmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 message punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a letter a written message tree rules 3 send present you a written message not said here someone vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent message=Theme to someone=Destination
Meaning 3 In maths, a letter like x or n can stand for an unknown number.
The tree, 14 words case obl punct det nsubj case nmod cc conj aux case det amod obl punct root In ADP maths NOUN , PUNCT a DET letter NOUN like ADP x NOUN or CCONJ n NOUN can AUX stand VERB for ADP an DET unknown ADJ number NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 maths case 2 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 11 stand obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 maths punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 letter det 5 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 11 stand nsubj 6 like like ADP _ 7 x case 7 x x NOUN Number=Sing 5 letter nmod 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 n cc 9 n n NOUN Number=Sing 7 x conj 10 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 stand aux 11 stand stand VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 12 for for ADP _ 15 number case 13 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 number det 14 unknown unknown ADJ Degree=Pos 15 number amod 15 number number NOUN Number=Sing 11 stand obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 11 stand punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand can a letter like x or n maths for a unknown number vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in math=Location
Meaning 4 «To the letter» means exactly as told.
punct case det nsubj punct advmod mark ccomp punct root « PUNCT To ADP the DET letter NOUN » PUNCT means VERB exactly ADV as SCONJ told VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 letter punct 2 To to ADP _ 4 letter case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 letter det 4 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 letter punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 exactly exactly ADV _ 9 told advmod 8 as as SCONJ _ 9 told mark 9 told tell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 means ccomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the letter vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 tell speech: assert participle exactly property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The word «apple» has 5 letters.
det nsubj punct appos punct nummod obj punct root The DET word NOUN « PUNCT apple NOUN » PUNCT has VERB 5 NUM letters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 word det 2 word word NOUN Number=Sing 6 has nsubj 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 apple punct 4 apple apple NOUN Number=Sing 2 word appos 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 apple punct 6 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 letters nummod 8 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 6 has obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the word 5 letters vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient
Example 2 The mailman delivers 120 letters a day.
det nsubj nummod obj det obl:unmarked punct root The DET mailman NOUN delivers VERB 120 NUM letters NOUN a DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 mailman det 2 mailman mailman NOUN Number=Sing 3 delivers nsubj 3 delivers deliver VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 120 120 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 letters nummod 5 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 3 delivers obj 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 day det 7 day day NOUN Number=Sing 3 delivers obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 delivers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 deliver present the mailman 120 letters day vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient
Example 3 She wrote 3 letters to her friends.
nsubj nummod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root She PRON wrote VERB 3 NUM letters NOUN to ADP her PRON friends NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 wrote nsubj 2 wrote write VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 letters nummod 4 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 2 wrote obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 friends case 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 friends nmod:poss 7 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 2 wrote obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 wrote punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write past She 3 letters her friends vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent letter=Topic to friend=Recipient
Example 4 Let the letter n stand for the number of apples.
det compound amod obj case det obl case nmod punct root Let VERB the DET letter NOUN n ADJ stand NOUN for ADP the DET number NOUN of ADP apples NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 stand det 3 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 5 stand compound 4 n n ADJ Degree=Pos 5 stand amod 5 stand stand NOUN Number=Sing 1 Let obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 number case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 number det 8 number number NOUN Number=Sing 1 Let obl 9 of of ADP _ 10 apples case 10 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 8 number nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let imperative you not said here the letter n stand for the number of apples vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent stand=Theme for number=Asset
Example 5 Start every sentence with a capital letter.
det obj case det compound obl punct root Start VERB every DET sentence NOUN with ADP a DET capital NOUN letter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Start start VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 every every DET PronType=Tot 3 sentence det 3 sentence sentence NOUN Number=Sing 1 Start obj 4 with with ADP _ 7 letter case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 letter det 6 capital capital NOUN Number=Sing 7 letter compound 7 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 1 Start obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Start punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 start imperative you not said here every sentence with a capital letter vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.subeventuality»: agent=Agent sentence=Eventuality with letter=Subeventuality
Example 6 The English alphabet has 26 letters.
det amod nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET English ADJ alphabet NOUN has VERB 26 NUM letters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 alphabet det 2 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 3 alphabet amod 3 alphabet alphabet NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 26 26 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 letters nummod 6 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the English alphabet 26 letters vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient
Example 7 The school sent a letter home about the trip.
det nsubj det obj advmod case det obl punct root The DET school NOUN sent VERB a DET letter NOUN home ADV about ADP the DET trip NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 school det 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 sent nsubj 3 sent send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 letter det 5 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 3 sent obj 6 home home ADV _ 3 sent advmod 7 about about ADP _ 9 trip case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 trip det 9 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 3 sent obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past the school a letter about the trip; home property vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme
Example 8 He posted a letter to his grandma in Ireland.
nsubj det obj case nmod:poss nmod case nmod punct root He PRON posted VERB a DET letter NOUN to ADP his PRON grandma NOUN in ADP Ireland PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 posted nsubj 2 posted post VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 letter det 4 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 2 posted obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 grandma case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 grandma nmod:poss 7 grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 4 letter nmod 8 in in ADP _ 9 Ireland case 9 Ireland Ireland PROPN Number=Sing 7 grandma nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 posted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 post past He a letter his grandma in Ireland vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent letter=Theme to grandma=Destination
Example 9 She followed the recipe to the letter.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root She PRON followed VERB the DET recipe NOUN to ADP the DET letter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 followed nsubj 2 followed follow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 recipe det 4 recipe recipe NOUN Number=Sing 2 followed obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 letter case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 letter det 7 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 2 followed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 followed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 follow past She the recipe the letter vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent recipe=Theme to letter=Trajectory
Example 10 What a tour that letter had made!
det det nsubj:pass det nsubj:pass aux punct root What DET a DET tour NOUN that PRON letter NOUN had AUX made VERB ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what DET PronType=Int 3 tour det 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 tour det 3 tour tour NOUN Number=Sing 7 made nsubj:pass 4 that that PRON PronType=Rel 5 letter det 5 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 7 made nsubj:pass 6 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 made aux 7 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 7 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past · perfect · passive what tour vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous lethargynext → letting↑ back to L in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/letter/