lofty

Who acts: castle, Eagles, She, lofty dreams, He, lofty pine trees · What happens: act, joke, have, nest, become, speak · To what, where: lofty manner, lofty towers, lofty cliffs, lofty dreams, astronaut, lofty way · Speech: someone speaks here

«lofty» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lofty in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Very high or tall: lofty mountains.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Very	very	ADV	_	2 high	advmod
2	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 tall	cc
4	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 high	conj
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 mountains	punct
6	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 mountains	amod
7	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 high	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 high	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 2

Very grand, noble or ambitious: lofty ideas.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Very	very	ADV	_	2 grand	advmod
2	grand	grand	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 noble	punct
4	noble	noble	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 grand	conj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 ambitious	cc
6	ambitious	ambitious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 grand	conj
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 ideas	punct
8	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 ideas	amod
9	ideas	idea	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grand	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 grand	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

Proud and acting as if better than others: a lofty manner.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Proud	proud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 acting	amod
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 acting	cc
3	acting	act	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	as	as	SCONJ	_	6 better	mark
5	if	if	SCONJ	_	6 better	mark
6	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 acting	ccomp
7	than	than	ADP	_	8 others	case
8	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 better	obl
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 acting	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 manner	det
11	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 manner	amod
12	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 acting	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 acting	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	act	gerund		a lofty manner					vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Meaning 4

Usage: Australia, slang — kept apart, not parsed.

A joking nickname for a very tall person, or sometimes for a short one.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 nickname	det
2	joking	joke	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 nickname	amod
3	nickname	nickname	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	8 person	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 person	det
6	very	very	ADV	_	7 tall	advmod
7	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 person	amod
8	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 nickname	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 one	punct
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 one	cc
11	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	15 one	advmod
12	for	for	ADP	_	15 one	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 one	det
14	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 one	amod
15	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 nickname	conj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 nickname	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	joke speech: other	gerund							vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

The castle had lofty towers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 castle	det
2	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 towers	amod
5	towers	tower	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 had	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the castle	lofty towers					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tower=Patient

Example 2

Eagles nest on lofty cliffs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Eagles	eagle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 nest	nsubj
2	nest	nest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 cliffs	case
4	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cliffs	amod
5	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 nest	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 nest	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	nest	present	Eagles			lofty cliffs			vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 3

She has lofty dreams of becoming an astronaut.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 dreams	amod
4	dreams	dream	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 has	obj
5	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 becoming	mark
6	becoming	become	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 dreams	acl
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 astronaut	det
8	astronaut	astronaut	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 becoming	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	She	lofty dreams					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dream=Patient
2	become	gerund	lofty dreams not said here	a astronaut					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient astronaut=Result

Example 4

He spoke in a lofty way, as if he knew everything.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 spoke	nsubj
2	spoke	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 way	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 way	det
5	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 way	amod
6	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spoke	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 knew	punct
8	as	as	SCONJ	_	11 knew	mark
9	if	if	SCONJ	_	11 knew	mark
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 knew	nsubj
11	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 spoke	parataxis
12	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	11 knew	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spoke	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	past	He			a lofty way			vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	know a condition, not said to happen	past	he	everything					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer everything=Stimulus

Example 5

The lofty pine trees blocked out the sun.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 trees	det
2	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 trees	amod
3	pine	pine	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 trees	compound
4	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 blocked	nsubj
5	blocked	block	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	out	out	ADP	_	5 blocked	compound:prt
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sun.	det
8	sun.	sun.	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 blocked	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	block out	past	the lofty pine trees	the sun.					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer sun.=Theme

Example 6

His nickname at school was Lofty because he was so tall.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 nickname	nmod:poss
2	nickname	nickname	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 Lofty	nsubj
3	at	at	ADP	_	4 school	case
4	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 nickname	nmod
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 Lofty	cop
6	Lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 tall	mark
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 tall	nsubj
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 tall	cop
10	so	so	ADV	_	11 tall	advmod
11	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 Lofty	advcl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 Lofty	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	is	past	His nickname at school		lofty property	tree rules
2	is	past	he		tall property	tree rules
3	nickname		His = he	school		nom nickname «communication transitive»: poss=agent at=place

Example 7

Their lofty plans did not work in real life.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 plans	nmod:poss
2	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 plans	amod
3	plans	plan	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 work	nsubj
4	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 work	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 work	advmod
6	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 life	case
8	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 life	amod
9	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 work	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 work	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not work	past · do-support	Their lofty plans					in real life	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in life=Theme
2	plan		Their = they						nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Example 8

The church had a lofty ceiling.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 church	det
2	church	church	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 ceiling	det
5	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 ceiling	amod
6	ceiling	ceiling	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the church	a lofty ceiling					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ceiling=Patient

Example 9

The houses stood there, so lofty, so close!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 houses	det
2	houses	house	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stood	nsubj
3	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 stood	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 lofty	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	7 lofty	advmod
7	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stood	parataxis
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 close	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	10 close	advmod
10	close	close	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 lofty	conj
11	!	!	PUNCT	_	3 stood	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	past	the houses			there			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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