lonesome Who acts: you, puppy, cowboy, Grandpa, Grandma, Nan · What happens: be, have, feel, sing, lead, get · To what, where: friends, lonesome, lonesome song, lonesome road, desert, Nan · Speech: someone speaks here
«lonesome» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lonesome in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Sad because you are alone and have no friends or company; lonely.
mark nsubj cop advcl cc conj det obj cc conj punct conj punct root Sad ADJ because SCONJ you PRON are AUX alone ADJ and CCONJ have VERB no DET friends NOUN or CCONJ company NOUN ; PUNCT lonely ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 because because SCONJ _ 5 alone mark 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 alone nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 alone cop 5 alone alone ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Sad advcl 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 have cc 7 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Sad conj 8 no no DET PronType=Neg 9 friends det 9 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 7 have obj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 company cc 11 company company NOUN Number=Sing 9 friends conj 12 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 lonely punct 13 lonely lonely ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Sad conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 1 Sad punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present you alone property tree rules 2 have present no friends or company vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Far from other people; empty and quiet, as in a lonesome road.
The tree, 12 words advmod case amod obl punct cc conj punct case case det amod conj punct root Far ADV from ADP other ADJ people NOUN ; PUNCT empty ADJ and CCONJ quiet ADJ , PUNCT as ADP in ADP a DET lonesome ADJ road NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Far far ADV Degree=Pos 6 empty advmod 2 from from ADP _ 4 people case 3 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 4 people amod 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 1 Far obl 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 1 Far punct 6 empty empty ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 quiet cc 8 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 6 empty conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 road punct 10 as as ADP _ 14 road case 11 in in ADP _ 14 road case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 road det 13 lonesome lonesome ADJ Degree=Pos 14 road amod 14 road road NOUN Number=Sing 6 empty conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 empty punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 The puppy felt lonesome without its brothers and sisters.
det nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl cc conj punct root The DET puppy NOUN felt VERB lonesome NOUN without ADP its PRON brothers NOUN and CCONJ sisters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 puppy det 2 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing 3 felt nsubj 3 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 lonesome lonesome NOUN Number=Sing 3 felt obj 5 without without ADP _ 7 brothers case 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 brothers nmod:poss 7 brothers brother NOUN Number=Plur 3 felt obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 sisters cc 9 sisters sister NOUN Number=Plur 7 brothers conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel past the puppy lonesome without puppy's brothers and sisters vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lonesome=Theme
Example 2 The cowboy sang a lonesome song by the fire.
det nsubj det compound obj case det obl punct root The DET cowboy NOUN sang VERB a DET lonesome NOUN song NOUN by ADP the DET fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cowboy det 2 cowboy cowboy NOUN Number=Sing 3 sang nsubj 3 sang sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 song det 5 lonesome lonesome NOUN Number=Sing 6 song compound 6 song song NOUN Number=Sing 3 sang obj 7 by by ADP _ 9 fire case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 fire det 9 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 3 sang obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 sang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express past the cowboy a lonesome song by the fire vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme
Example 3 A lonesome road led across the desert.
det amod acl case det obl punct root A DET lonesome ADJ road NOUN led VERB across ADP the DET desert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 road det 2 lonesome lonesome ADJ Degree=Pos 3 road amod 3 road road NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 led lead VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 road acl 5 across across ADP _ 7 desert case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 desert det 7 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 4 led obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 road punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lead participle a lonesome road not said here the desert vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent across desert=Destination
Example 4 Grandpa gets lonesome since Grandma died.
nsubj obj mark nsubj advcl punct root Grandpa NOUN gets VERB lonesome NOUN since SCONJ Grandma PROPN died VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa grandpa NOUN Number=Sing 2 gets nsubj 2 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 lonesome lonesome NOUN Number=Sing 2 gets obj 4 since since SCONJ _ 6 died mark 5 Grandma Grandma PROPN Number=Sing 6 died nsubj 6 died die VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 gets advcl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 gets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get present Grandpa lonesome vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lonesome=Stimulus 2 die past Grandma vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Example 5 «What are you doing here on your lonesome?» asked Nan.
punct obj aux nsubj ccomp advmod case nmod:poss obl punct punct iobj punct root « PUNCT What PRON are AUX you PRON doing VERB here ADV on ADP your PRON lonesome NOUN ? PUNCT » PUNCT asked VERB Nan PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 doing punct 2 What what PRON PronType=Int 5 doing obj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 doing aux 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 doing nsubj 5 doing do VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 asked ccomp 6 here here ADV PronType=Dem 5 doing advmod 7 on on ADP _ 9 lonesome case 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 lonesome nmod:poss 9 lonesome lonesome NOUN Number=Sing 5 doing obl 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 doing punct 11 » » PUNCT _ 5 doing punct 12 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 13 Nan Nan PROPN Number=Sing 12 asked iobj 14 . . PUNCT _ 12 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do in a quote present · progressive Nan your lonesome; here vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality 2 ask speech: ask past Nan vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent nan=Recipient clause=Topic
Example 6 The lonesome wolf howled at the moon.
det amod acl case det obl punct root The DET lonesome ADJ wolf NOUN howled VERB at ADP the DET moon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 wolf det 2 lonesome lonesome ADJ Degree=Pos 3 wolf amod 3 wolf wolf NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 howled howl VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 wolf acl 5 at at ADP _ 7 moon case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 moon det 7 moon moon NOUN Number=Sing 4 howled obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 wolf punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 howl participle the lonesome wolf not said here at the moon vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at moon=Stimulus
Example 7 If a friend seems lonesome, ask them to play.
mark det nsubj advcl obj punct iobj mark xcomp punct root If SCONJ a DET friend NOUN seems VERB lonesome NOUN , PUNCT ask VERB them PRON to PART play VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 4 seems mark 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 friend det 3 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 4 seems nsubj 4 seems seem VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 ask advcl 5 lonesome lonesome NOUN Number=Sing 4 seems obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 4 seems punct 7 ask ask VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 ask iobj 9 to to PART _ 10 play mark 10 play play VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 ask xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 ask punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 seem a condition, not said to happen present a friend lonesome vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme lonesome=Attribute 2 ask speech: ask imperative you not said here them = they vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic 3 play not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 He feel mighty lonesome, en he feel mighty mad, Brer Rabbit did.
The tree, 12 words nsubj amod obj punct nsubj nsubj conj amod xcomp punct nsubj flat advcl punct root He PRON feel VERB mighty ADJ lonesome NOUN , PUNCT en NOUN he PRON feel VERB mighty ADJ mad ADJ , PUNCT Brer PROPN Rabbit PROPN did VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 feel nsubj 2 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 3 mighty mighty ADJ Degree=Pos 4 lonesome amod 4 lonesome lonesome NOUN Number=Sing 2 feel obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 feel punct 6 en en NOUN Number=Sing 8 feel nsubj 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 feel nsubj 8 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 feel conj 9 mighty mighty ADJ Degree=Pos 10 mad amod 10 mad mad ADJ Degree=Pos 8 feel xcomp 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 did punct 12 Brer Brer PROPN Number=Sing 14 did nsubj 13 Rabbit Rabbit PROPN Number=Sing 12 Brer flat 14 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 feel advcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel infinitive He mighty lonesome vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lonesome=Theme 2 feel infinitive en mad property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 3 do past Brer vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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