lumbering Who acts: bear, work, lumbering giant, old bus, Dinosaurs, big dog · What happens: move, walk, lumber, cut down, prepare, sell · To what, where: clumsy way, heavy clumsy way, trees, wood, forest, hill
«lumbering» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lumbering in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Moving slowly and heavily, in a clumsy way, like an elephant or a big tired bear.
The tree, 16 words advmod cc conj punct case det amod obl punct case det obl cc det amod amod conj punct root Moving VERB slowly ADV and CCONJ heavily ADV , PUNCT in ADP a DET clumsy ADJ way NOUN , PUNCT like ADP an DET elephant NOUN or CCONJ a DET big ADJ tired ADJ bear NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Moving move VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 slowly slowly ADV _ 1 Moving advmod 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 heavily cc 4 heavily heavily ADV _ 2 slowly conj 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 way punct 6 in in ADP _ 9 way case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 way det 8 clumsy clumsy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 way amod 9 way way NOUN Number=Sing 1 Moving obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 elephant punct 11 like like ADP _ 13 elephant case 12 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 elephant det 13 elephant elephant NOUN Number=Sing 1 Moving obl 14 or or CCONJ _ 18 bear cc 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 bear det 16 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 18 bear amod 17 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos 18 bear amod 18 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 13 elephant conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 1 Moving punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move gerund a clumsy way like a elephant or a big tired bear; slowly property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in way=Trajectory
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: verb, -ing form — kept apart, not parsed.
Walking or moving in a heavy, clumsy way: «the bear was lumbering along».
The tree, 13 words advcl cc conj case det amod punct amod obl punct punct det nsubj aux advmod punct punct root Walking VERB or CCONJ moving VERB in ADP a DET heavy ADJ , PUNCT clumsy ADJ way NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET bear NOUN was AUX lumbering VERB along ADV » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Walking walk VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 15 lumbering advcl 2 or or CCONJ _ 3 moving cc 3 moving move VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Walking conj 4 in in ADP _ 9 way case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 way det 6 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 way amod 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 heavy punct 8 clumsy clumsy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 way amod 9 way way NOUN Number=Sing 3 moving obl 10 : : PUNCT _ 1 Walking punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 15 lumbering punct 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 bear det 13 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 15 lumbering nsubj 14 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 15 lumbering aux 15 lumbering lumber VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 16 along along ADV _ 15 lumbering advmod 17 » » PUNCT _ 15 lumbering punct 18 . . PUNCT _ 15 lumbering punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk gerund the bear not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 move gerund the bear not said here a heavy clumsy way vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in way=Trajectory 3 lumber in a quote past · progressive the bear along property vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: North America — kept apart, not parsed.
The work of cutting down trees and preparing wood (lumber) to sell.
The tree, 12 words det mark acl compound:prt obj cc conj obj punct appos punct mark advcl punct root The DET work NOUN of SCONJ cutting VERB down ADP trees NOUN and CCONJ preparing VERB wood NOUN ( PUNCT lumber NOUN ) PUNCT to PART sell VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 work det 2 work work NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of SCONJ _ 4 cutting mark 4 cutting cut VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 work acl 5 down down ADP _ 4 cutting compound:prt 6 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 4 cutting obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 preparing cc 8 preparing prepare VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 cutting conj 9 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 8 preparing obj 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 lumber punct 11 lumber lumber NOUN Number=Sing 9 wood appos 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 lumber punct 13 to to PART _ 14 sell mark 14 sell sell VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 preparing advcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 work punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut down gerund the work not said here trees vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tree=Product 2 prepare gerund the work not said here wood vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wood=Patient 3 sell to-infinitive the work not said here vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent
Example 1 A lumbering giant stepped out of the forest.
det compound nsubj case case det obl punct root A DET lumbering NOUN giant NOUN stepped VERB out ADP of ADP the DET forest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 giant det 2 lumbering lumbering NOUN Number=Sing 3 giant compound 3 giant giant NOUN Number=Sing 4 stepped nsubj 4 stepped step VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 out out ADP _ 8 forest case 6 of of ADP _ 8 forest case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 forest det 8 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 4 stepped obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 stepped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 step out past a lumbering giant the forest vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location forest=Theme
Example 2 The old bus came lumbering up the hill.
det amod nsubj advcl compound:prt det obj punct root The DET old ADJ bus NOUN came VERB lumbering VERB up ADP the DET hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bus det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 bus amod 3 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 4 came nsubj 4 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 lumbering lumber VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 came advcl 6 up up ADP _ 5 lumbering compound:prt 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 hill det 8 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 5 lumbering obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past the old bus vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 lumber up gerund the old bus not said here the hill vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location hill=Theme
Example 3 The bear was lumbering across the meadow.
det nsubj aux case det obl punct root The DET bear NOUN was AUX lumbering VERB across ADP the DET meadow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bear det 2 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 4 lumbering nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 lumbering aux 4 lumbering lumber VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 across across ADP _ 7 meadow case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 meadow det 7 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 4 lumbering obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 lumbering punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lumber past · progressive the bear the meadow vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across meadow=Trajectory
Example 4 Dinosaurs like Brachiosaurus were huge, lumbering animals.
nsubj case nmod cop punct advcl obj punct root Dinosaurs NOUN like ADP Brachiosaurus PROPN were AUX huge ADJ , PUNCT lumbering VERB animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN Number=Plur 5 huge nsubj 2 like like ADP _ 3 Brachiosaurus case 3 Brachiosaurus Brachiosaurus PROPN Number=Sing 1 Dinosaurs nmod 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 huge cop 5 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 lumbering punct 7 lumbering lumber VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 huge advcl 8 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 7 lumbering obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 huge punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Dinosaurs like Brachiosaurus huge property tree rules 2 lumber gerund Dinosaurs like Brachiosaurus not said here animals vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location animal=Theme
Example 5 The lumbering tractor held up all the traffic.
det compound acl compound:prt det:predet det obl:agent punct root The DET lumbering NOUN tractor NOUN held VERB up ADP all DET the DET traffic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 tractor det 2 lumbering lumbering NOUN Number=Sing 3 tractor compound 3 tractor tractor NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 held hold VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 tractor acl 5 up up ADP _ 4 held compound:prt 6 all all DET PronType=Tot 8 traffic det:predet 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 traffic det 8 traffic traffic NOUN Number=Sing 4 held obl:agent 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 tractor punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold up participle the lumbering tractor not said here vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot
Example 6 My big dog came lumbering in, covered in mud.
nmod:poss amod nsubj xcomp advmod punct advcl case obl punct root My PRON big ADJ dog NOUN came VERB lumbering VERB in ADV , PUNCT covered VERB in ADP mud NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 dog nmod:poss 2 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 3 dog amod 3 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 4 came nsubj 4 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 lumbering lumber VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 came xcomp 6 in in ADV _ 5 lumbering advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 covered punct 8 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 lumbering advcl 9 in in ADP _ 10 mud case 10 mud mud NOUN Number=Sing 8 covered obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past My big dog tree rules 2 lumber gerund My big dog not said here vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 cover participle My big dog not said here in mud vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in mud=Theme
Example 7 Lumbering was the main job in many Canadian towns in the 1800s.
nsubj cop det amod case amod amod nmod case det nmod punct root Lumbering NOUN was AUX the DET main ADJ job NOUN in ADP many ADJ Canadian ADJ towns NOUN in ADP the DET 1800s NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lumbering lumbering NOUN Number=Sing 5 job nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 job cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 job det 4 main main ADJ Degree=Pos 5 job amod 5 job job NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 9 towns case 7 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 9 towns amod 8 Canadian Canadian ADJ Degree=Pos 9 towns amod 9 towns town NOUN Number=Plur 5 job nmod 10 in in ADP _ 12 1800s case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 1800s det 12 1800s 1800 NOUN Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card 9 towns nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 job punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Lumbering the main job many Canadian towns in the 1800s tree rules
Example 8 The robot moved with a lumbering, clanking walk.
det nsubj case det obl punct advcl obj punct root The DET robot NOUN moved VERB with ADP a DET lumbering NOUN , PUNCT clanking VERB walk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 robot det 2 robot robot NOUN Number=Sing 3 moved nsubj 3 moved move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 with with ADP _ 6 lumbering case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 lumbering det 6 lumbering lumbering NOUN Number=Sing 3 moved obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 clanking punct 8 clanking clank VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 moved advcl 9 walk walk NOUN Number=Sing 8 clanking obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 moved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move past the robot with a lumbering vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 2 clank gerund the robot not said here walk vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location walk=Theme
Example 9 "Tan-ta-ra-ra, tan-ta-ra-ra," sounded the horn, and the mail-coach came lumbering up.
The tree, 18 words punct nsubj punct compound punct compound punct nsubj punct compound punct appos punct compound punct conj punct punct det obj punct cc det compound punct nsubj conj advcl compound:prt punct root " PUNCT Tan PROPN - PUNCT ta NOUN - PUNCT ra NOUN - PUNCT ra NOUN , PUNCT tan NOUN - PUNCT ta NOUN - PUNCT ra NOUN - PUNCT ra NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT sounded VERB the DET horn NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET mail NOUN - PUNCT coach NOUN came VERB lumbering VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 8 ra punct 2 Tan Tan PROPN Number=Sing 8 ra nsubj 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 Tan punct 4 ta ta NOUN Number=Sing 8 ra compound 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 ta punct 6 ra ra NOUN Number=Sing 8 ra compound 7 - - PUNCT _ 8 ra punct 8 ra ra NOUN Number=Sing 19 sounded nsubj 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 ta punct 10 tan tan NOUN Number=Sing 12 ta compound 11 - - PUNCT _ 10 tan punct 12 ta ta NOUN Number=Sing 8 ra appos 13 - - PUNCT _ 12 ta punct 14 ra ra NOUN Number=Sing 16 ra compound 15 - - PUNCT _ 14 ra punct 16 ra ra NOUN Number=Sing 8 ra conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 8 ra punct 18 " " PUNCT _ 8 ra punct 19 sounded sound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 horn det 21 horn horn NOUN Number=Sing 19 sounded obj 22 , , PUNCT _ 28 came punct 23 and and CCONJ _ 28 came cc 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 27 coach det 25 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 27 coach compound 26 - - PUNCT _ 25 mail punct 27 coach coach NOUN Number=Sing 28 came nsubj 28 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 19 sounded conj 29 lumbering lumber VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 28 came advcl 30 up up ADP _ 29 lumbering compound:prt 31 . . PUNCT _ 19 sounded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ra in a quote Tan tree rules 2 sound past ta ra ra and ra ra the horn vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location horn=Theme 3 come past the mail coach vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 lumber up gerund the mail coach not said here vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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