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manga

Who acts: cousin, library, we, Many popular cartoons, She, Manga · What happens: read, leave, have, draw, start, save up · To what, where: Japanese comics, right, new manga, Manga books, whole shelf, cat

«manga» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: manga in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Japanese comics and graphic novels, usually read from right to left, with a special drawing style (big eyes, speed lines).

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Japanese	Japanese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 comics	amod
2	comics	comic	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 novels	cc
4	graphic	graphic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 novels	amod
5	novels	novel	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 comics	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 read	punct
7	usually	usually	ADV	_	8 read	advmod
8	read	read	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 comics	acl
9	from	from	ADP	_	10 right	case
10	right	right	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 read	obl
11	to	to	SCONJ	_	12 left	mark
12	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 right	acl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 style	punct
14	with	with	ADP	_	18 style	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 style	det
16	special	special	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 style	amod
17	drawing	drawing	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 style	compound
18	style	style	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 left	obl
19	(	(	PUNCT	_	21 eyes	punct
20	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 eyes	amod
21	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 style	appos
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 lines	punct
23	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 lines	compound
24	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 eyes	conj
25	)	)	PUNCT	_	21 eyes	punct
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 comics	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read	participle		Japanese comics and graphic novels not said here		right		usually property	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from right=Source
2	leave	participle						with a special drawing style	vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent with style=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

The drawing style of these comics.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 style	det
2	drawing	drawing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 style	compound
3	style	style	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 comics	case
5	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	6 comics	det
6	comics	comic	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 style	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 style	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

My cousin reads a new manga every week.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 cousin	nmod:poss
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reads	nsubj
3	reads	read	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 manga	det
5	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 manga	amod
6	manga	manga	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reads	obj
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	8 week	det
8	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reads	obl:unmarked
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 reads	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read	present	My cousin	a new manga			week		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manga=Topic

Example 2

Manga books are read from right to left.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Manga	manga	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 books	compound
2	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 read	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 read	aux:pass
4	read	read	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 right	case
6	right	right	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 read	obl
7	to	to	SCONJ	_	8 left	mark
8	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 right	acl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 read	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read	present · passive		Manga books		right			vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Topic from right=Source
2	leave	participle							vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 3

Our library has a whole shelf of manga.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 library	nmod:poss
2	library	library	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 shelf	det
5	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 shelf	amod
6	shelf	shelf	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 manga	case
8	manga	manga	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shelf	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Our library	a whole shelf of manga					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shelf=Patient

Example 4

In art we drew a cat in manga style with big shiny eyes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 art	case
2	art	art	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 drew	obl
3	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 drew	nsubj
4	drew	draw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 cat	det
6	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 drew	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 style	case
8	manga	manga	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 style	compound
9	style	style	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 drew	obl
10	with	with	ADP	_	13 eyes	case
11	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 eyes	amod
12	shiny	shiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 eyes	amod
13	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 style	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 drew	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	past	we	a cat		art		in manga style with big shiny eyes	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cat=Theme in art=Destination

Example 5

Many popular cartoons started as manga.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cartoons	amod
2	popular	popular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cartoons	amod
3	cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 started	nsubj
4	started	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	as	as	ADP	_	6 manga	case
6	manga	manga	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 started	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 started	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	past	Many popular cartoons					as manga	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Example 6

She is saving up for the next volume of her manga series.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 saving	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 saving	aux
3	saving	save	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 saving	compound:prt
5	for	for	ADP	_	8 volume	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 volume	det
7	next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 volume	amod
8	volume	volume	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 saving	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 series	case
10	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 series	nmod:poss
11	manga	manga	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 series	compound
12	series	series	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 volume	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 saving	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	save up	present · progressive	She					for the next volume of her manga series	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent for volume=Source

Example 7

«Manga» is a Japanese loanword.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Manga	punct
2	Manga	manga	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 loanword	nsubj
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Manga	punct
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 loanword	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 loanword	det
6	Japanese	Japanese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 loanword	amod
7	loanword	loanword	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 loanword	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Manga	a Japanese loanword					tree rules

Example 8

Check the age rating, because some manga are for adults.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Check	check	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 rating	det
3	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rating	compound
4	rating	rating	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Check	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 manga	punct
6	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	8 manga	case
7	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	8 manga	det
8	manga	manga	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 adults	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 adults	cop
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 adults	case
11	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Check	parataxis
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Check	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	check	imperative	you not said here	the age rating					vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rating=Theme
2	is	present	some manga					for adults	tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/manga/