nitrogen Who acts: smell, taste, we, Most, 78, Plants · What happens: make up, be, breathe, need, grow, freeze · To what, where: chemical element, air, nitrogen, green leaves, flower, liquid nitrogen
«nitrogen» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: nitrogen in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A gas with no colour, no smell and no taste that makes up about 78% (nearly four fifths) of the air around us. It is a chemical element with the symbol N.
Sentence 1: A gas with no colour, no smell and no taste that makes up about 78% (nearly four fifths) of the air around us.
The tree, 24 words det case det nmod punct det appos cc det conj nsubj acl:relcl compound:prt advmod nummod obj punct advmod nummod appos punct case det nmod case nmod punct root A DET gas NOUN with ADP no DET colour NOUN , PUNCT no DET smell NOUN and CCONJ no DET taste NOUN that PRON makes VERB up ADP about ADV 78 NUM % SYM ( PUNCT nearly ADV four NUM fifths NOUN ) PUNCT of ADP the DET air NOUN around ADP us PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 gas det 2 gas gas NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 with with ADP _ 5 colour case 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 5 colour det 5 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 2 gas nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 smell punct 7 no no DET PronType=Neg 8 smell det 8 smell smell NOUN Number=Sing 2 gas appos 9 and and CCONJ _ 11 taste cc 10 no no DET PronType=Neg 11 taste det 11 taste taste NOUN Number=Sing 8 smell conj 12 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 makes nsubj 13 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 smell acl:relcl 14 up up ADP _ 13 makes compound:prt 15 about about ADV _ 16 78 advmod 16 78 78 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 17 % nummod 17 % % SYM Number=Sing 13 makes obj 18 ( ( PUNCT _ 21 fifths punct 19 nearly nearly ADV _ 20 four advmod 20 four four NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 21 fifths nummod 21 fifths fifth NOUN Number=Plur 17 % appos 22 ) ) PUNCT _ 21 fifths punct 23 of of ADP _ 25 air case 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 air det 25 air air NOUN Number=Sing 21 fifths nmod 26 around around ADP _ 27 us case 27 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 25 air nmod 28 . . PUNCT _ 2 gas punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make up present no smell and no taste vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme %=Pivot
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: It is a chemical element with the symbol N.
nsubj cop det amod case det compound nmod punct root It PRON is AUX a DET chemical ADJ element NOUN with ADP the DET symbol NOUN N PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 element nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 element cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 element det 4 chemical chemical ADJ Degree=Pos 5 element amod 5 element element NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 with with ADP _ 9 N case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 N det 8 symbol symbol NOUN Number=Sing 9 N compound 9 N N PROPN Number=Sing 5 element nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 element punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present taste a chemical element with the symbol N tree rules
Example 1 Most of the air we breathe is nitrogen.
nsubj case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl cop punct root Most ADJ of ADP the DET air NOUN we PRON breathe VERB is AUX nitrogen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 8 nitrogen nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 4 air case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 air det 4 air air NOUN Number=Sing 1 Most nmod 5 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 breathe nsubj 6 breathe breathe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 air acl:relcl 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 nitrogen cop 8 nitrogen nitrogen NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 nitrogen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 breathe present we the air not said here vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme 2 is a present Most of the air nitrogen tree rules
Example 2 About 78 out of every 100 parts of air are nitrogen.
advmod nsubj case case det nummod nmod case nmod cop punct root About ADV 78 NUM out ADP of ADP every DET 100 NUM parts NOUN of ADP air NOUN are AUX nitrogen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 About about ADV _ 2 78 advmod 2 78 78 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 nitrogen nsubj 3 out out ADP _ 7 parts case 4 of of ADP _ 7 parts case 5 every every DET PronType=Tot 7 parts det 6 100 100 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 parts nummod 7 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 2 78 nmod 8 of of ADP _ 9 air case 9 air air NOUN Number=Sing 7 parts nmod 10 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 nitrogen cop 11 nitrogen nitrogen NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 nitrogen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present 78 out every 100 parts of air nitrogen tree rules
Example 3 Plants need nitrogen to grow green leaves.
nsubj obj mark advcl amod obj punct root Plants NOUN need VERB nitrogen NOUN to PART grow VERB green ADJ leaves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 need nsubj 2 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 nitrogen nitrogen NOUN Number=Sing 2 need obj 4 to to PART _ 5 grow mark 5 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 need advcl 6 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 7 leaves amod 7 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 5 grow obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present Plants nitrogen vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot nitrogen=Theme 2 grow to-infinitive Plants not said here green leaves vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location leaf=Theme
Example 4 The scientist froze a flower in liquid nitrogen.
det nsubj det obj case amod obl punct root The DET scientist NOUN froze VERB a DET flower NOUN in ADP liquid ADJ nitrogen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 scientist det 2 scientist scientist NOUN Number=Sing 3 froze nsubj 3 froze freeze VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 flower det 5 flower flower NOUN Number=Sing 3 froze obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 nitrogen case 7 liquid liquid ADJ Degree=Pos 8 nitrogen amod 8 nitrogen nitrogen NOUN Number=Sing 3 froze obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 froze punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 freeze past the scientist a flower liquid nitrogen vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient flower=Result
Example 5 Nitrogen has the chemical symbol N.
nsubj det amod obj flat punct root Nitrogen PROPN has VERB the DET chemical ADJ symbol NOUN N PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nitrogen Nitrogen PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 symbol det 4 chemical chemical ADJ Degree=Pos 5 symbol amod 5 symbol symbol NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 6 N N PROPN Number=Sing 5 symbol flat 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Nitrogen the chemical symbol vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent symbol=Patient
Example 6 Fertilisers give plants extra nitrogen.
nsubj obj amod obj punct root Fertilisers NOUN give VERB plants NOUN extra ADJ nitrogen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fertilisers fertiliser NOUN Number=Plur 2 give nsubj 2 give give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 give obj 4 extra extra ADJ Degree=Pos 5 nitrogen amod 5 nitrogen nitrogen NOUN Number=Sing 2 give obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present Fertilisers plants vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent plant=Recipient nitrogen=Theme
Example 7 Crisp packets are filled with nitrogen to keep crisps fresh.
compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl mark advcl obj xcomp punct root Crisp NOUN packets NOUN are AUX filled VERB with ADP nitrogen NOUN to PART keep VERB crisps NOUN fresh ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crisp crisp NOUN Number=Sing 2 packets compound 2 packets packet NOUN Number=Plur 4 filled nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 filled aux:pass 4 filled fill VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 nitrogen case 6 nitrogen nitrogen NOUN Number=Sing 4 filled obl 7 to to PART _ 8 keep mark 8 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 filled advcl 9 crisps crisp NOUN Number=Plur 8 keep obj 10 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 8 keep xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 filled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fill present · passive Crisp packets with nitrogen vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with nitrogen=Instrument 2 keep to-infinitive crisps fresh property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crisp=Theme
Example 8 Nitrogen has no colour and no smell.
nsubj det obj cc det conj punct root Nitrogen PROPN has VERB no DET colour NOUN and CCONJ no DET smell NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nitrogen Nitrogen PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 no no DET PronType=Neg 4 colour det 4 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 smell cc 6 no no DET PronType=Neg 7 smell det 7 smell smell NOUN Number=Sing 4 colour conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Nitrogen no colour and no smell vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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