offer Who acts: you, them, offer, someone, thing, She · What happens: offer, be, give, hold out, take, do · To what, where: something, someone, it, deal, thing, money · Speech: someone speaks here
«offer» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: offer in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To offer is to say you will give something to someone, or to hold it out for them to take.
The tree, 20 words mark csubj cop mark nsubj aux ccomp obj case obl punct cc mark conj obj compound:prt mark nsubj mark advcl punct root To PART offer VERB is AUX to PART say VERB you PRON will AUX give VERB something PRON to ADP someone PRON , PUNCT or CCONJ to PART hold VERB it PRON out ADP for SCONJ them PRON to PART take VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 offer mark 2 offer offer VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 say csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 say cop 4 to to PART _ 5 say mark 5 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 give nsubj 7 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 give aux 8 give give VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 say ccomp 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 give obj 10 to to ADP _ 11 someone case 11 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 give obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 hold punct 13 or or CCONJ _ 15 hold cc 14 to to PART _ 15 hold mark 15 hold hold VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 say conj 16 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 hold obj 17 out out ADP _ 15 hold compound:prt 18 for for SCONJ _ 21 take mark 19 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 21 take nsubj 20 to to PART _ 21 take mark 21 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 hold advcl 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 offer to-infinitive vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent 2 be speech: assert present say property tree rules 3 give future you something someone vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent something=Theme to someone=Recipient 4 hold out to-infinitive it vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme 5 take to-infinitive them = they vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To offer to do something is to say you are willing to do it.
The tree, 14 words mark advcl mark xcomp obj cop mark nsubj cop ccomp mark xcomp obj punct root To PART offer VERB to PART do VERB something PRON is AUX to PART say VERB you PRON are AUX willing ADJ to PART do VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 offer mark 2 offer offer VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 say advcl 3 to to PART _ 4 do mark 4 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 offer xcomp 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 do obj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 say cop 7 to to PART _ 8 say mark 8 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 willing nsubj 10 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 willing cop 11 willing willing ADJ Degree=Pos 8 say ccomp 12 to to PART _ 13 do mark 13 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 willing xcomp 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 do obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 offer to-infinitive tree rules 2 do not said to happen to-infinitive something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 3 be speech: assert present say property tree rules 4 is present you willing property tree rules 5 do to-infinitive you not said here it vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
Meaning 3 An offer is a deal, like a lower price: a special offer.
The tree, 12 words det nsubj cop det punct case det amod nmod punct det amod conj punct root An DET offer NOUN is AUX a DET deal NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET lower ADJ price NOUN : PUNCT a DET special ADJ offer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 offer det 2 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 5 deal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 deal cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 deal det 5 deal deal NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 price punct 7 like like ADP _ 10 price case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 price det 9 lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp 10 price amod 10 price price NOUN Number=Sing 5 deal nmod 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 offer punct 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 offer det 13 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 14 offer amod 14 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 5 deal conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 deal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a offer a deal and a special offer like a lower price tree rules
Meaning 4 An offer is also the thing or money someone says they will give.
det nsubj cop advmod det cc conj nsubj acl:relcl nsubj aux parataxis punct root An DET offer NOUN is AUX also ADV the DET thing NOUN or CCONJ money NOUN someone PRON says VERB they PRON will AUX give VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 offer det 2 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 6 thing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 thing cop 4 also also ADV _ 6 thing advmod 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 thing det 6 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 money cc 8 money money NOUN Number=Sing 6 thing conj 9 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 says nsubj 10 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 money acl:relcl 11 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 give nsubj 12 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 13 give aux 13 give give VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 thing parataxis 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 thing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a offer the thing or money tree rules 2 say speech: assert present someone money not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent money=Topic 3 give future thing vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Example 1 She offered 3 cookies to each friend.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root She PRON offered VERB 3 NUM cookies NOUN to ADP each DET friend NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 offered nsubj 2 offered offer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 cookies nummod 4 cookies cookie NOUN Number=Plur 2 offered obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 friend case 6 each each DET PronType=Tot 7 friend det 7 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 2 offered obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 offered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 offer past She 3 cookies each friend vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent cookie=Theme to friend=Goal
Example 2 The shop has an offer: 2 for 5 dollars.
det nsubj det obj punct appos case nummod nmod punct root The DET shop NOUN has VERB an DET offer NOUN : PUNCT 2 NUM for ADP 5 NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 shop det 2 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 offer det 5 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 6 : : PUNCT _ 7 2 punct 7 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 offer appos 8 for for ADP _ 10 dollars case 9 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 dollars nummod 10 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 7 2 nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the shop a offer vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent offer=Patient
Example 3 He offered to pay half.
nsubj mark xcomp obj punct root He PRON offered VERB to PART pay VERB half NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 offered nsubj 2 offered offer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 pay mark 4 pay pay VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 offered xcomp 5 half half NOUN Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 4 pay obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 offered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 offer past He tree rules 2 pay not said to happen to-infinitive He not said here half vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Asset
Example 4 On offer, pens are 1 dollar each.
case obl punct nsubj cop nummod nmod:unmarked punct root On ADP offer NOUN , PUNCT pens NOUN are AUX 1 NUM dollar NOUN each DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on ADP _ 2 offer case 2 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 7 dollar obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 offer punct 4 pens pen NOUN Number=Plur 7 dollar nsubj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 dollar cop 6 1 1 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 dollar nummod 7 dollar dollar NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 each each DET PronType=Tot 7 dollar nmod:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 dollar punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present pens 1 dollar offer each nmod:unmarked tree rules
Example 5 He offered his seat to an older lady.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case det amod obl punct root He PRON offered VERB his PRON seat NOUN to ADP an DET older ADJ lady NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 offered nsubj 2 offered offer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 seat nmod:poss 4 seat seat NOUN Number=Sing 2 offered obj 5 to to ADP _ 8 lady case 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 lady det 7 older old ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 lady amod 8 lady lady NOUN Number=Sing 2 offered obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 offered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 offer past He his seat a older lady vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent seat=Theme to lady=Goal
Example 6 Thank you for the offer, but I am full.
obj case det obl punct cc nsubj cop conj punct root Thank VERB you PRON for ADP the DET offer NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ I PRON am AUX full ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thank thank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 2 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 1 Thank obj 3 for for ADP _ 5 offer case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 offer det 5 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 1 Thank obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 full punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 10 full cc 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 full nsubj 9 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 full cop 10 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Thank conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Thank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thank speech: thank present you for the offer vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent you=Theme for offer=Attribute 2 is present I full property tree rules
Example 7 Never accept an offer of a ride from a stranger.
advmod det obj case det nmod case det obl punct root Never ADV accept VERB an DET offer NOUN of ADP a DET ride NOUN from ADP a DET stranger NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 accept advmod 2 accept accept VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 offer det 4 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 2 accept obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 ride case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 ride det 7 ride ride NOUN Number=Sing 4 offer nmod 8 from from ADP _ 10 stranger case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 stranger det 10 stranger stranger NOUN Number=Sing 2 accept obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 accept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not accept imperative you not said here a offer of a ride a stranger vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent offer=Theme from stranger=Source 2 offer a ride nom offer «communication transitive»: of=patient
Example 8 The special offer ends on Sunday.
det amod nsubj case obl punct root The DET special ADJ offer NOUN ends VERB on ADP Sunday PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 offer det 2 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 3 offer amod 3 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 4 ends nsubj 4 ends end VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 on on ADP _ 6 Sunday case 6 Sunday Sunday PROPN Number=Sing 4 ends obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 ends punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 end present the special offer sunday vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 9 The library offers free reading clubs.
det nsubj amod compound obj punct root The DET library NOUN offers VERB free ADJ reading NOUN clubs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 library det 2 library library NOUN Number=Sing 3 offers nsubj 3 offers offer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 free free ADJ Degree=Pos 6 clubs amod 5 reading reading NOUN Number=Sing 6 clubs compound 6 clubs club NOUN Number=Plur 3 offers obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 offers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 offer present the library free reading clubs vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent club=Theme
Example 10 One of them offered him an Alpine rose.
nsubj case nmod iobj det amod obj punct root One NUM of ADP them PRON offered VERB him PRON an DET Alpine ADJ rose NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 offered nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 3 them case 3 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 1 One nmod 4 offered offer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 offered iobj 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 rose det 7 Alpine alpine ADJ Degree=Pos 8 rose amod 8 rose rose NOUN Number=Sing 4 offered obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 offered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 offer past One of them a Alpine rose him = he vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent he=Goal rose=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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