overdraft Who acts: overdraft, you, your, Mum, we, bank · What happens: be, take out, have, owe, account, say · To what, where: more money, account, bank, bank money, amount, money · Speech: someone speaks here
«overdraft» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: overdraft in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: money — kept apart, not parsed.
An overdraft is when a bank lets you take out more money from your account than you have in it, so you owe the bank money.
The tree, 26 words det nsubj cop mark det nsubj obj xcomp compound:prt amod obj case nmod:poss obl mark nsubj advcl case obl punct advmod nsubj parataxis det compound obj punct root An DET overdraft NOUN is AUX when SCONJ a DET bank NOUN lets VERB you PRON take VERB out ADP more ADJ money NOUN from ADP your PRON account NOUN than SCONJ you PRON have VERB in ADP it PRON , PUNCT so ADV you PRON owe VERB the DET bank NOUN money NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 overdraft det 2 overdraft overdraft NOUN Number=Sing 7 lets nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 lets cop 4 when when SCONJ _ 7 lets mark 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bank det 6 bank bank NOUN Number=Sing 7 lets nsubj 7 lets let VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 lets obj 9 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 lets xcomp 10 out out ADP _ 9 take compound:prt 11 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 12 money amod 12 money money NOUN Number=Sing 9 take obj 13 from from ADP _ 15 account case 14 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 account nmod:poss 15 account account NOUN Number=Sing 9 take obl 16 than than SCONJ _ 18 have mark 17 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 18 have nsubj 18 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 take advcl 19 in in ADP _ 20 it case 20 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 have obl 21 , , PUNCT _ 24 owe punct 22 so so ADV _ 24 owe advmod 23 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 24 owe nsubj 24 owe owe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 lets parataxis 25 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 27 money det 26 bank bank NOUN Number=Sing 27 money compound 27 money money NOUN Number=Sing 24 owe obj 28 . . PUNCT _ 7 lets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a overdraft let property tree rules 2 take out infinitive a overdraft not said here more money your account vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent money=Theme from account=Initial_Location 3 have present you bank vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 owe present you the bank money vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent money=Theme 5 account your nom account «communication transitive»: poss=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: money — kept apart, not parsed.
An overdraft is the amount of money owed in this way.
det nsubj cop det case nmod acl case det obl punct root An DET overdraft NOUN is AUX the DET amount NOUN of ADP money NOUN owed VERB in ADP this DET way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 overdraft det 2 overdraft overdraft NOUN Number=Sing 5 amount nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 amount cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 amount det 5 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 money case 7 money money NOUN Number=Sing 5 amount nmod 8 owed owe VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 money acl 9 in in ADP _ 11 way case 10 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 11 way det 11 way way NOUN Number=Sing 8 owed obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 amount punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a overdraft the amount of money tree rules 2 owe participle money not said here this way vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Mum said we were nearly in our overdraft, so no takeaway this week.
The tree, 13 words nsubj nsubj cop advmod case nmod:poss ccomp punct advmod det appos det nmod:unmarked punct root Mum NOUN said VERB we PRON were AUX nearly ADV in ADP our PRON overdraft NOUN , PUNCT so ADV no DET takeaway NOUN this DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 said nsubj 2 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 overdraft nsubj 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 overdraft cop 5 nearly nearly ADV _ 8 overdraft advmod 6 in in ADP _ 8 overdraft case 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 overdraft nmod:poss 8 overdraft overdraft NOUN Number=Sing 2 said ccomp 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 takeaway punct 10 so so ADV _ 12 takeaway advmod 11 no no DET PronType=Neg 12 takeaway det 12 takeaway takeaway NOUN Number=Sing 8 overdraft appos 13 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 14 week det 14 week week NOUN Number=Sing 12 takeaway nmod:unmarked 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past Mum vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is past we our overdraft nearly property tree rules
Example 2 The bank gave Dad an overdraft of £500.
det nsubj iobj det obj case nmod nummod punct root The DET bank NOUN gave VERB Dad PROPN an DET overdraft NOUN of ADP £ SYM 500 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bank det 2 bank bank NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 Dad Dad PROPN Number=Sing 3 gave iobj 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 overdraft det 6 overdraft overdraft NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 £ case 8 £ £ SYM _ 6 overdraft nmod 9 500 500 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 £ nummod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the bank a overdraft Dad vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent dad=Recipient overdraft=Theme
Example 3 He had £40 and spent £60, so he had a £20 overdraft.
The tree, 15 words nsubj obj nummod cc conj obj nummod punct advmod nsubj conj det compound nummod obj punct root He PRON had VERB £ SYM 40 NUM and CCONJ spent VERB £ SYM 60 NUM , PUNCT so ADV he PRON had VERB a DET £ SYM 20 NUM overdraft NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 £ £ SYM _ 2 had obj 4 40 40 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 £ nummod 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 spent cc 6 spent spend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 had conj 7 £ £ SYM _ 6 spent obj 8 60 60 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 £ nummod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 had punct 10 so so ADV _ 12 had advmod 11 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 had nsubj 12 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 had conj 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 overdraft det 14 £ £ SYM _ 16 overdraft compound 15 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 14 £ nummod 16 overdraft overdraft NOUN Number=Sing 12 had obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past He vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent £=Patient 2 spend past He not said here vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent £=Asset 3 have past he a £ overdraft vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent overdraft=Patient
Example 4 Overdrafts can be expensive because banks charge fees.
nsubj aux cop mark nsubj advcl obj punct root Overdrafts NOUN can AUX be AUX expensive ADJ because SCONJ banks NOUN charge VERB fees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Overdrafts overdraft NOUN Number=Plur 4 expensive nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 expensive aux 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 expensive cop 4 expensive expensive ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 because because SCONJ _ 7 charge mark 6 banks bank NOUN Number=Plur 7 charge nsubj 7 charge charge VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 expensive advcl 8 fees fee NOUN Number=Plur 7 charge obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 expensive punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is can Overdrafts expensive property tree rules 2 charge present banks fees vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location fee=Theme
Example 5 They worked hard to pay off their overdraft.
nsubj advmod mark xcomp compound:prt nmod:poss obj punct root They PRON worked VERB hard ADV to PART pay VERB off ADP their PRON overdraft NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 worked nsubj 2 worked work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 hard hard ADV Degree=Pos 2 worked advmod 4 to to PART _ 5 pay mark 5 pay pay VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 worked xcomp 6 off off ADP _ 5 pay compound:prt 7 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 overdraft nmod:poss 8 overdraft overdraft NOUN Number=Sing 5 pay obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 worked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work past They hard property vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 pay off to-infinitive They not said here their overdraft vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent overdraft=Asset
Example 6 Her overdraft limit is £200, so she can't spend more.
nmod:poss amod nsubj cop nummod punct advmod nsubj aux advmod conj obj punct root Her PRON overdraft ADJ limit NOUN is AUX £ SYM 200 NUM , PUNCT so ADV she PRON ca AUX n't PART spend VERB more ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 limit nmod:poss 2 overdraft overdraft ADJ Degree=Pos 3 limit amod 3 limit limit NOUN Number=Sing 5 £ nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 £ cop 5 £ £ SYM _ root root 6 200 200 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 £ nummod 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 spend punct 8 so so ADV _ 12 spend advmod 9 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 spend nsubj 10 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 spend aux 11 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 12 spend advmod 12 spend spend VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 £ conj 13 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 12 spend obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 £ punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not spend can she more vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Asset
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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