pestilence Who acts: deadly disease, pestilence, Black Death, People, Rats, Old prayers · What happens: spread, send, plague, be, sweep, flee · To what, where: One, Egypt, town, warnings, Bible, terrible pestilence
«pestilence» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pestilence in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: old or formal — kept apart, not parsed.
A deadly disease that spreads quickly through many people, such as the plague.
The tree, 13 words det amod nsubj acl:relcl advmod case amod obl punct case fixed det nmod punct root A DET deadly ADJ disease NOUN that PRON spreads VERB quickly ADV through ADP many ADJ people NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP the DET plague NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 disease det 2 deadly deadly ADJ Degree=Pos 3 disease amod 3 disease disease NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 that that PRON PronType=Rel 5 spreads nsubj 5 spreads spread VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 disease acl:relcl 6 quickly quickly ADV _ 5 spreads advmod 7 through through ADP _ 9 people case 8 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 9 people amod 9 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 spreads obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 plague punct 11 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 14 plague case 12 as as ADP _ 11 such fixed 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 plague det 14 plague plague NOUN Number=Sing 9 people nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 disease punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spread present a deadly disease through many people such the plague; quickly property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through people=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.
One of the disasters sent as punishment or warning, as in the plagues of Egypt; the rider "Pestilence" of the Book of Revelation.
The tree, 23 words obl case det obl case obl cc conj punct case case det obl case nmod punct det compound punct obl punct case det nmod case nmod punct root One NUM of ADP the DET disasters NOUN sent VERB as ADP punishment NOUN or CCONJ warning NOUN , PUNCT as ADP in ADP the DET plagues NOUN of ADP Egypt PROPN ; PUNCT the DET rider NOUN " PUNCT Pestilence NOUN " PUNCT of ADP the DET Book PROPN of ADP Revelation PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 sent obl 2 of of ADP _ 4 disasters case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 disasters det 4 disasters disaster NOUN Number=Plur 5 sent obl 5 sent send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 as as ADP _ 7 punishment case 7 punishment punishment NOUN Number=Sing 5 sent obl 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 warning cc 9 warning warning NOUN Number=Sing 7 punishment conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 plagues punct 11 as as ADP _ 14 plagues case 12 in in ADP _ 14 plagues case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 plagues det 14 plagues plague NOUN Number=Plur 5 sent obl 15 of of ADP _ 16 Egypt case 16 Egypt Egypt PROPN Number=Sing 14 plagues nmod 17 ; ; PUNCT _ 21 Pestilence punct 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 rider det 19 rider rider NOUN Number=Sing 21 Pestilence compound 20 " " PUNCT _ 21 Pestilence punct 21 Pestilence pestilence NOUN Number=Sing 5 sent obl 22 " " PUNCT _ 21 Pestilence punct 23 of of ADP _ 25 Book case 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 Book det 25 Book Book PROPN Number=Sing 21 Pestilence nmod 26 of of ADP _ 27 Revelation case 27 Revelation Revelation PROPN Number=Sing 25 Book nmod 28 . . PUNCT _ 5 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past One of the disasters; as punishment or warning; as the plagues of Egypt; rider Pestilence of the Book of Revelation obl vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent of disaster=Initial_Location 2 plague Egypt nom plague «state transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 3 Something that is very harmful or annoying (old use).
nsubj cop advmod acl:relcl cc conj punct amod parataxis punct punct root Something PRON that PRON is AUX very ADV harmful ADJ or CCONJ annoying ADJ ( PUNCT old ADJ use NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 2 that that PRON PronType=Rel 5 harmful nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 harmful cop 4 very very ADV _ 5 harmful advmod 5 harmful harmful ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Something acl:relcl 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 annoying cc 7 annoying annoying ADJ Degree=Pos 5 harmful conj 8 ( ( PUNCT _ 10 use punct 9 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 10 use amod 10 use use NOUN Number=Sing 5 harmful parataxis 11 ) ) PUNCT _ 10 use punct 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present harmful property tree rules 2 be tree rules
Example 1 The pestilence swept through the town in 1665.
det nsubj case det obl case obl punct root The DET pestilence NOUN swept VERB through ADP the DET town NOUN in ADP 1665 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pestilence det 2 pestilence pestilence NOUN Number=Sing 3 swept nsubj 3 swept sweep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 through through ADP _ 6 town case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 town det 6 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 swept obl 7 in in ADP _ 8 1665 case 8 1665 1665 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 swept obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 swept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sweep past the pestilence the town in 1665 vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through town=Trajectory
Example 2 In the Bible, pestilence and famine are warnings.
case det obl punct nsubj cc conj cop punct root In ADP the DET Bible PROPN , PUNCT pestilence NOUN and CCONJ famine NOUN are AUX warnings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 Bible case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Bible det 3 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 9 warnings obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 pestilence punct 5 pestilence pestilence NOUN Number=Sing 9 warnings nsubj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 famine cc 7 famine famine NOUN Number=Sing 5 pestilence conj 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 warnings cop 9 warnings warning NOUN Number=Plur root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 warnings punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present pestilence and famine warnings the Bible tree rules
Example 3 The Black Death was a terrible pestilence.
det amod nsubj cop det amod punct root The DET Black ADJ Death PROPN was AUX a DET terrible ADJ pestilence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Death det 2 Black black ADJ Degree=Pos 3 Death amod 3 Death Death PROPN Number=Sing 7 pestilence nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 pestilence cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 pestilence det 6 terrible terrible ADJ Degree=Pos 7 pestilence amod 7 pestilence pestilence NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 pestilence punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the Black Death a terrible pestilence tree rules
Example 4 People fled the city to escape the pestilence.
nsubj det obj mark advcl det obj punct root People NOUN fled VERB the DET city NOUN to PART escape VERB the DET pestilence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 2 fled nsubj 2 fled flee VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 city det 4 city city NOUN Number=Sing 2 fled obj 5 to to PART _ 6 escape mark 6 escape escape VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 fled advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 pestilence det 8 pestilence pestilence NOUN Number=Sing 6 escape obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 fled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flee past People the city vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme city=Initial_Location 2 escape to-infinitive People not said here the pestilence vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme pestilence=Initial_Location
Example 5 Rats and fleas helped spread the pestilence.
nsubj cc conj xcomp det obj punct root Rats NOUN and CCONJ fleas NOUN helped VERB spread VERB the DET pestilence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rats rat NOUN Number=Plur 4 helped nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 fleas cc 3 fleas flea NOUN Number=Plur 1 Rats conj 4 helped help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 spread spread VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 helped xcomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 pestilence det 7 pestilence pestilence NOUN Number=Sing 5 spread obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 helped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help past Rats and fleas vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 spread infinitive Rats and fleas not said here the pestilence vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pestilence=Theme
Example 6 Old prayers asked God to keep people safe from pestilence.
amod nsubj iobj mark xcomp obj xcomp case obl punct root Old ADJ prayers NOUN asked VERB God PROPN to PART keep VERB people NOUN safe ADJ from ADP pestilence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Old old ADJ Degree=Pos 2 prayers amod 2 prayers prayer NOUN Number=Plur 3 asked nsubj 3 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 God God PROPN Number=Sing 3 asked iobj 5 to to PART _ 6 keep mark 6 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 asked xcomp 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 6 keep obj 8 safe safe ADJ Degree=Pos 6 keep xcomp 9 from from ADP _ 10 pestilence case 10 pestilence pestilence NOUN Number=Sing 8 safe obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask past Old prayers God vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent god=Recipient clause=Topic 2 keep not said to happen to-infinitive Old prayers not said here people safe property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme
Example 7 But at last the gods afflicted the country with a grievous pestilence, which made terrible havoc among the people.
The tree, 19 words cc case nsubj:outer det nsubj det obj case det amod obl punct nsubj acl:relcl amod obj case det obl punct root But CCONJ at ADP last ADJ the DET gods NOUN afflicted VERB the DET country NOUN with ADP a DET grievous ADJ pestilence NOUN , PUNCT which PRON made VERB terrible ADJ havoc NOUN among ADP the DET people NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 But but CCONJ _ 6 afflicted cc 2 at at ADP _ 3 last case 3 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 6 afflicted nsubj:outer 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 gods det 5 gods god NOUN Number=Plur 3 last nsubj 6 afflicted afflict VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 country det 8 country country NOUN Number=Sing 6 afflicted obj 9 with with ADP _ 12 pestilence case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 pestilence det 11 grievous grievous ADJ Degree=Pos 12 pestilence amod 12 pestilence pestilence NOUN Number=Sing 6 afflicted obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 made punct 14 which which PRON PronType=Rel 15 made nsubj 15 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 pestilence acl:relcl 16 terrible terrible ADJ Degree=Pos 17 havoc amod 17 havoc havoc NOUN Number=Sing 15 made obj 18 among among ADP _ 20 people case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 people det 20 people people NOUN Number=Plur 15 made obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 6 afflicted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 afflict past last the country with a grievous pestilence vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus country=Experiencer 2 make past a grievous pestilence terrible havoc among the people vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset havoc=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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