photograph Who acts: photograph, Mum, old photograph, you, We, plants · What happens: be, make, photograph, take, show, ask · To what, where: picture, something, photograph, beach, great grandad, plants
«photograph» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: photograph in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A photograph is a picture made with a camera.
det nsubj cop det acl case det obl punct root A DET photograph NOUN is AUX a DET picture NOUN made VERB with ADP a DET camera NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 photograph det 2 photograph photograph NOUN Number=Sing 5 picture nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 picture cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 picture det 5 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 picture acl 7 with with ADP _ 9 camera case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 camera det 9 camera camera NOUN Number=Sing 6 made obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 picture punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a photograph a picture tree rules 2 make participle a picture not said here with a camera vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To photograph something is to take a picture of it with a camera.
mark advcl obj cop mark det obj case nmod case det obl punct root To PART photograph VERB something PRON is AUX to PART take VERB a DET picture NOUN of ADP it PRON with ADP a DET camera NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 photograph mark 2 photograph photograph VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 take advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 photograph obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 take cop 5 to to PART _ 6 take mark 6 take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 picture det 8 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 6 take obj 9 of of ADP _ 10 it case 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 picture nmod 11 with with ADP _ 13 camera case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 camera det 13 camera camera NOUN Number=Sing 6 take obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 photograph to-infinitive something vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 2 is present with a camera; take property tree rules
Example 1 Mum took a photograph of us on the beach.
nsubj det obj case nmod case det obl punct root Mum NOUN took VERB a DET photograph NOUN of ADP us PRON on ADP the DET beach NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 photograph det 4 photograph photograph NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 us case 6 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 photograph nmod 7 on on ADP _ 9 beach case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 beach det 9 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past Mum a photograph of us the beach vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent photograph=Theme on beach=Destination
Example 2 This old photograph shows my great-grandad.
det amod nsubj nmod:poss amod punct obj punct root This DET old ADJ photograph NOUN shows VERB my PRON great ADJ - PUNCT grandad NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 photograph det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 photograph amod 3 photograph photograph NOUN Number=Sing 4 shows nsubj 4 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 grandad nmod:poss 6 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 8 grandad amod 7 - - PUNCT _ 6 great punct 8 grandad grandad NOUN Number=Sing 4 shows obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 shows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present this old photograph my great grandad vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent grandad=Recipient
Example 3 Ask before you take someone's photograph.
mark nsubj ccomp nmod:poss case obj punct root Ask VERB before SCONJ you PRON take VERB someone PRON 's PART photograph NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ask ask VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 before before SCONJ _ 4 take mark 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 take nsubj 4 take take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Ask ccomp 5 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 photograph nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 someone case 7 photograph photograph NOUN Number=Sing 4 take obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Ask punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask imperative you not said here vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 take present you someone's photograph vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent photograph=Theme
Example 4 We photographed the plants every day to see them grow.
nsubj det obj det obl:unmarked mark advcl obj xcomp punct root We PRON photographed VERB the DET plants NOUN every DET day NOUN to PART see VERB them PRON grow VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 photographed nsubj 2 photographed photograph VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 plants det 4 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 photographed obj 5 every every DET PronType=Tot 6 day det 6 day day NOUN Number=Sing 2 photographed obl:unmarked 7 to to PART _ 8 see mark 8 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 photographed advcl 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 see obj 10 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 see xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 photographed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 photograph past We the plants day vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Theme 2 see to-infinitive We not said here plants = plant tree rules 3 grow infinitive plants = plant not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Our school photograph is on the wall.
nmod:poss compound nsubj cop case det punct root Our PRON school NOUN photograph NOUN is AUX on ADP the DET wall NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 photograph nmod:poss 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 photograph compound 3 photograph photograph NOUN Number=Sing 7 wall nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 wall cop 5 on on ADP _ 7 wall case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 wall det 7 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 wall punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Our school photograph the wall tree rules
Example 6 Who is the girl in the photograph?
nsubj cop det case det nmod punct root Who PRON is AUX the DET girl NOUN in ADP the DET photograph NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Who who PRON PronType=Rel 4 girl nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 girl cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 girl det 4 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 photograph case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 photograph det 7 photograph photograph NOUN Number=Sing 4 girl nmod 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 girl punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the girl the photograph tree rules
Example 7 You may see photographs of these merry little black fellows before their troubles begin, in “Northern Races of Central Australia,” by Messrs.
The tree, 22 words nsubj aux obj case nsubj amod amod amod nmod mark nmod:poss nsubj advcl punct case punct amod obl case flat nmod punct punct case obl punct root You PRON may AUX see VERB photographs NOUN of ADP these PRON merry ADJ little ADJ black ADJ fellows NOUN before SCONJ their PRON troubles NOUN begin VERB , PUNCT in ADP “ PUNCT Northern ADJ Races NOUN of ADP Central PROPN Australia PROPN , PUNCT ” PUNCT by ADP Messrs PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 see nsubj 2 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 see aux 3 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 photographs photograph NOUN Number=Plur 3 see obj 5 of of ADP _ 10 fellows case 6 these this PRON Number=Plur PronType=Dem 10 fellows nsubj 7 merry merry ADJ Degree=Pos 10 fellows amod 8 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 10 fellows amod 9 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 10 fellows amod 10 fellows fellow NOUN Number=Plur 4 photographs nmod 11 before before SCONJ _ 14 begin mark 12 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 troubles nmod:poss 13 troubles trouble NOUN Number=Plur 14 begin nsubj 14 begin begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 see advcl 15 , , PUNCT _ 19 Races punct 16 in in ADP _ 19 Races case 17 “ " PUNCT _ 19 Races punct 18 Northern northern ADJ Degree=Pos 19 Races amod 19 Races race NOUN Number=Plur 14 begin obl 20 of of ADP _ 22 Australia case 21 Central Central PROPN Number=Sing 22 Australia flat 22 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 19 Races nmod 23 , , PUNCT _ 14 begin punct 24 ” " PUNCT _ 14 begin punct 25 by by ADP _ 26 Messrs case 26 Messrs Messrs PROPN Number=Sing 14 begin obl 27 . . PUNCT _ 3 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see may You photographs of merry little black fellows vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer photograph=Stimulus 2 begin present fellows's troubles Northern Races of Central Australia by Messrs vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 3 trouble fellows = fellow nom trouble «cognition transitive»: poss=agent 4 race in a quote Central Australia nom race «event intransitive»: of=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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