plagiarism Who acts: Plagiarism, words, someone, Copying, you, your · What happens: copy, pretend, be, word, use, avoid · To what, where: words, website word, plagiarism, own words, kind, quotation marks · Speech: someone speaks here
«plagiarism» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: plagiarism in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Plagiarism is copying someone else's words, ideas or work and pretending they are your own.
The tree, 16 words nsubj aux nmod:poss advmod case obj punct conj cc conj cc conj nsubj cop nmod:poss ccomp punct root Plagiarism NOUN is AUX copying VERB someone PRON else ADV 's PART words NOUN , PUNCT ideas NOUN or CCONJ work NOUN and CCONJ pretending VERB they PRON are AUX your PRON own ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plagiarism plagiarism NOUN Number=Sing 3 copying nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 copying aux 3 copying copy VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 words nmod:poss 5 else else ADV _ 4 someone advmod 6 's 's PART _ 4 someone case 7 words word NOUN Number=Plur 3 copying obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 ideas punct 9 ideas idea NOUN Number=Plur 7 words conj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 work cc 11 work work NOUN Number=Sing 7 words conj 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 pretending cc 13 pretending pretend VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 copying conj 14 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 own nsubj 15 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 own cop 16 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 own nmod:poss 17 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 13 pretending ccomp 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 copying punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 copy present · progressive Plagiarism someone's words and ideas or work vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme 2 pretend gerund Plagiarism not said here tree rules 3 is present words = word own property tree rules 4 word someone nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Copying a website word for word is plagiarism.
csubj det compound obj case nmod cop punct root Copying VERB a DET website NOUN word NOUN for ADP word NOUN is AUX plagiarism NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Copying copy VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 plagiarism csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 word det 3 website website NOUN Number=Sing 4 word compound 4 word word NOUN Number=Sing 1 Copying obj 5 for for ADP _ 6 word case 6 word word NOUN Number=Sing 4 word nmod 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 plagiarism cop 8 plagiarism plagiarism NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 plagiarism punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 copy gerund a website word for word vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme 2 is a present Copying plagiarism tree rules
Example 2 Use your own words to avoid plagiarism.
nmod:poss amod obj mark advcl obj punct root Use VERB your PRON own ADJ words NOUN to PART avoid VERB plagiarism NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 words nmod:poss 3 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 4 words amod 4 words word NOUN Number=Plur 1 Use obj 5 to to PART _ 6 avoid mark 6 avoid avoid VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Use advcl 7 plagiarism plagiarism NOUN Number=Sing 6 avoid obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here your own words vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient 2 avoid to-infinitive you not said here plagiarism vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent plagiarism=Location 3 word your nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 The teacher spotted the plagiarism.
det nsubj det obj punct root The DET teacher NOUN spotted VERB the DET plagiarism NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 spotted nsubj 3 spotted spot VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 plagiarism det 5 plagiarism plagiarism NOUN Number=Sing 3 spotted obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 spotted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spot past the teacher the plagiarism vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent plagiarism=Destination
Example 4 Always say where your facts came from.
advmod advmod nmod:poss nsubj ccomp obl punct root Always ADV say VERB where ADV your PRON facts NOUN came VERB from ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Always always ADV PronType=Tot 2 say advmod 2 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 where where ADV PronType=Rel 6 came advmod 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 facts nmod:poss 5 facts fact NOUN Number=Plur 6 came nsubj 6 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 say ccomp 7 from from ADP _ 6 came obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert imperative you not said here always property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 come past your facts vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Plagiarism is a kind of cheating.
nsubj cop det case nmod punct root Plagiarism NOUN is AUX a DET kind NOUN of ADP cheating NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plagiarism plagiarism NOUN Number=Sing 4 kind nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 kind cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 kind det 4 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 cheating case 6 cheating cheating NOUN Number=Sing 4 kind nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 kind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Plagiarism a kind of cheating tree rules
Example 6 Putting quotation marks around copied words and naming the writer is not plagiarism.
csubj compound obj case amod obl cc conj det obj cop advmod punct root Putting VERB quotation NOUN marks NOUN around ADP copied VERB words NOUN and CCONJ naming VERB the DET writer NOUN is AUX not PART plagiarism NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Putting put VERB VerbForm=Ger 13 plagiarism csubj 2 quotation quotation NOUN Number=Sing 3 marks compound 3 marks mark NOUN Number=Plur 1 Putting obj 4 around around ADP _ 6 words case 5 copied copy VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 words amod 6 words word NOUN Number=Plur 1 Putting obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 naming cc 8 naming name VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Putting conj 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 writer det 10 writer writer NOUN Number=Sing 8 naming obj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 plagiarism cop 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 plagiarism advmod 13 plagiarism plagiarism NOUN Number=Sing root root 14 . . PUNCT _ 13 plagiarism punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put gerund quotation marks copied words vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent mark=Theme around word=Destination 2 copy participle vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 name gerund the writer vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent writer=Theme 4 not is a present Putting plagiarism tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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