pneumonia Who acts: Pneumonia, lungs, Grandad, doctor, vaccines, He · What happens: be, become, fill, cause, make, breathe · To what, where: serious illness, fluid, Pneumonia, hospital, it, medicine · Speech: someone speaks here
«pneumonia» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pneumonia in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Pneumonia is a serious illness in which the lungs become swollen and fill with fluid, often caused by germs, making it hard to breathe.
The tree, 24 words nsubj cop det amod case obl det nsubj parataxis xcomp cc conj case obl punct advmod acl:relcl case obl punct advcl obj xcomp mark xcomp punct root Pneumonia NOUN is AUX a DET serious ADJ illness NOUN in ADP which PRON the DET lungs NOUN become VERB swollen ADJ and CCONJ fill VERB with ADP fluid NOUN , PUNCT often ADV caused VERB by ADP germs NOUN , PUNCT making VERB it PRON hard ADJ to PART breathe VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pneumonia pneumonia NOUN Number=Sing 5 illness nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 illness cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 illness det 4 serious serious ADJ Degree=Pos 5 illness amod 5 illness illness NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 which case 7 which which PRON PronType=Rel 10 become obl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 lungs det 9 lungs lung NOUN Number=Plur 10 become nsubj 10 become become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 illness parataxis 11 swollen swollen ADJ Degree=Pos 10 become xcomp 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 fill cc 13 fill fill VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 become conj 14 with with ADP _ 15 fluid case 15 fluid fluid NOUN Number=Sing 13 fill obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 caused punct 17 often often ADV _ 18 caused advmod 18 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 15 fluid acl:relcl 19 by by ADP _ 20 germs case 20 germs germ NOUN Number=Plur 18 caused obl 21 , , PUNCT _ 22 making punct 22 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 18 caused advcl 23 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 22 making obj 24 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 22 making xcomp 25 to to PART _ 26 breathe mark 26 breathe breathe VERB VerbForm=Inf 24 hard xcomp 27 . . PUNCT _ 5 illness punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Pneumonia a serious illness tree rules 2 become present the lungs a serious illness swollen property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in which=Result 3 fill present the lungs not said here with fluid vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with fluid=Instrument 4 cause participle fluid not said here by germs; often property vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition 5 make gerund Pneumonia hard property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product 6 breathe to-infinitive Pneumonia not said here vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Grandad was in hospital with pneumonia.
nsubj cop case case nmod punct root Grandad PROPN was AUX in ADP hospital NOUN with ADP pneumonia NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandad Grandad PROPN Number=Sing 4 hospital nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 hospital cop 3 in in ADP _ 4 hospital case 4 hospital hospital NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 pneumonia case 6 pneumonia pneumonia NOUN Number=Sing 4 hospital nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 hospital punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Grandad hospital with pneumonia tree rules
Example 2 Pneumonia makes it hard to breathe.
nsubj obj xcomp mark xcomp punct root Pneumonia NOUN makes VERB it PRON hard ADJ to PART breathe VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pneumonia pneumonia NOUN Number=Sing 2 makes nsubj 2 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 makes obj 4 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 2 makes xcomp 5 to to PART _ 6 breathe mark 6 breathe breathe VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 hard xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Pneumonia it hard property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product 2 breathe to-infinitive vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The doctor said she had pneumonia and gave her medicine.
det nsubj nsubj ccomp obj cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET doctor NOUN said VERB she PRON had VERB pneumonia NOUN and CCONJ gave VERB her PRON medicine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doctor det 2 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 3 said nsubj 3 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 had nsubj 5 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 said ccomp 6 pneumonia pneumonia NOUN Number=Sing 5 had obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 gave cc 8 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 had conj 9 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 medicine nmod:poss 10 medicine medicine NOUN Number=Sing 8 gave obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past the doctor vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 have past doctor pneumonia vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pneumonia=Patient 3 give past doctor not said here doctor's medicine vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme 4 medicine doctor nom medicine «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 Some vaccines help protect against pneumonia.
det nsubj xcomp case obl punct root Some DET vaccines NOUN help VERB protect VERB against ADP pneumonia NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 vaccines det 2 vaccines vaccine NOUN Number=Plur 3 help nsubj 3 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 protect protect VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 help xcomp 5 against against ADP _ 6 pneumonia case 6 pneumonia pneumonia NOUN Number=Sing 4 protect obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present some vaccines vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 protect infinitive some vaccines not said here against pneumonia vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent against pneumonia=Theme
Example 5 Pneumonia can follow a bad cold or flu.
nsubj aux det amod obj cc conj punct root Pneumonia NOUN can AUX follow VERB a DET bad ADJ cold NOUN or CCONJ flu NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pneumonia pneumonia NOUN Number=Sing 3 follow nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 follow aux 3 follow follow VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 cold det 5 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 6 cold amod 6 cold cold NOUN Number=Sing 3 follow obj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 flu cc 8 flu flu NOUN Number=Sing 6 cold conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 follow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 follow can Pneumonia a bad cold or flu vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme
Example 6 He coughed a lot when he had pneumonia.
nsubj det obj advmod nsubj advcl obj punct root He PRON coughed VERB a DET lot NOUN when ADV he PRON had VERB pneumonia NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 coughed nsubj 2 coughed cough VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 lot det 4 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 2 coughed obj 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 had advmod 6 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 had nsubj 7 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 coughed advcl 8 pneumonia pneumonia NOUN Number=Sing 7 had obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 coughed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cough past He a lot vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme 2 have past he pneumonia vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pneumonia=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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