preserve

Who acts: food, Salt, We, Grandma, turn, Freezing · What happens: keep, preserve, treat, last, dry, salt · To what, where: something, harm, old buildings, wildlife, food, jam

«preserve» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: preserve in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To keep something safe from harm, damage or change: preserve old buildings, preserve wildlife.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 keep	mark
2	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 keep	obj
4	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 something	amod
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 harm	case
6	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 keep	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 damage	punct
8	damage	damage	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 harm	conj
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 change	cc
10	change	change	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 harm	conj
11	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 preserve	punct
12	preserve	preserve	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 keep	conj
13	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 buildings	amod
14	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 preserve	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 preserve	punct
16	preserve	preserve	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	12 preserve	conj
17	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 preserve	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 keep	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	roles by
1	keep	to-infinitive	something	harm and damage or change	vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer something=Beneficiary from harm=Eventuality
2	preserve	infinitive	old buildings		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent building=Beneficiary
3	preserve	infinitive	wildlife		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wildlife=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To treat food so it lasts a long time, by drying, salting, freezing, pickling or making jam.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 treat	mark
2	treat	treat	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 treat	obj
4	so	so	SCONJ	_	6 lasts	mark
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 lasts	nsubj
6	lasts	last	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 treat	advcl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 time	det
8	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 time	amod
9	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lasts	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 drying	punct
11	by	by	SCONJ	_	12 drying	mark
12	drying	dry	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 treat	advcl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 salting	punct
14	salting	salt	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 drying	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 freezing	punct
16	freezing	freeze	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 drying	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 pickling	punct
18	pickling	pickle	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 freezing	conj
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 making	cc
20	making	make	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 freezing	conj
21	jam	jam	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 making	obj
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 treat	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	treat	to-infinitive		food		vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent food=Recipient
2	last	present	food		time	vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
3	dry	gerund				vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	salt	gerund				vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent
5	freeze	gerund				vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
6	pickle	gerund				vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
7	make	gerund		jam		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset jam=Product

Meaning 3

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

Jam or fruit cooked with sugar to keep: strawberry preserves.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jam	jam	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	3 fruit	cc
3	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Jam	conj
4	cooked	cook	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 fruit	acl
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 sugar	case
6	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cooked	obl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 keep	mark
8	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 cooked	advcl
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 preserves	punct
10	strawberry	strawberry	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 preserves	compound
11	preserves	preserve	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Jam	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Jam	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cook	participle		fruit not said here				with sugar	vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient with sugar=Instrument
2	keep	to-infinitive							vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Meaning 4

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

An area kept for wild animals, or something that belongs to only one group: «a game preserve».

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 area	det
2	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 area	acl
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 animals	case
5	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 animals	amod
6	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 kept	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 something	punct
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 something	cc
9	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 area	appos
10	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 belongs	nsubj
11	belongs	belong	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 something	acl:relcl
12	to	to	ADP	_	15 group	case
13	only	only	ADV	_	14 one	advmod
14	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	15 group	nummod
15	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 belongs	obl
16	:	:	PUNCT	_	20 preserve	punct
17	«	«	PUNCT	_	20 preserve	punct
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 preserve	det
19	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 preserve	compound
20	preserve	preserve	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 group	nmod
21	»	»	PUNCT	_	20 preserve	punct
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 area	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	participle		a area not said here				for wild animals	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	belong	present						to one group a game preserve	vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme

Example 1

Salt helps preserve fish.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 helps	nsubj
2	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	preserve	preserve	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 helps	xcomp
4	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 preserve	obj
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 helps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	Salt						vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	preserve	infinitive	Salt not said here		fish				vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Beneficiary

Example 2

The insect was preserved in amber for millions of years.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 insect	det
2	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 preserved	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 preserved	aux:pass
4	preserved	preserve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 amber	case
6	amber	amber	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 preserved	obl
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 millions	case
8	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 preserved	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 years	case
10	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 millions	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 preserved	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	preserve	past · passive		the insect		amber		for millions of years	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary

Example 3

We must preserve the rainforest for future people.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 preserve	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 preserve	aux
3	preserve	preserve	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 rainforest	det
5	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 preserve	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 people	case
7	future	future	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 people	amod
8	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 rainforest	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 preserve	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	preserve	must	We	the rainforest				for future people	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rainforest=Beneficiary

Example 4

Grandma makes plum preserves every autumn.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	plum	plum	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 preserves	compound
4	preserves	preserve	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 makes	obj
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 autumn	det
6	autumn	autumn	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	xcomp
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 makes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Grandma	plum preserves					vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent preserve=Product

Example 5

The mammoth was preserved in the ice.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mammoth	det
2	mammoth	mammoth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 preserved	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 preserved	aux:pass
4	preserved	preserve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 ice	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ice	det
7	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 preserved	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 preserved	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	preserve	past · passive		the mammoth		the ice			vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary

Example 6

A turn preserves the size and shape of a triangle.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 turn	det
2	turn	turn	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 preserves	nsubj
3	preserves	preserve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 size	det
5	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 preserves	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 shape	cc
7	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 size	conj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 triangle	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 triangle	det
10	triangle	triangle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 shape	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 preserves	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	preserve	present	a turn	the size and shape of a triangle					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent size=Beneficiary

Example 7

The old castle is well preserved.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 castle	det
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 castle	amod
3	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 preserved	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 preserved	aux:pass
5	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 preserved	advmod
6	preserved	preserve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 preserved	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	preserve	present · passive		the old castle				well property	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary

Example 8

Freezing preserves food for months.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Freezing	freezing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 preserves	nsubj
2	preserves	preserve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 preserves	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 months	case
5	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 preserves	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 preserves	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	preserve	present	Freezing	food			month		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Beneficiary

Example 9

I should have liked to preserve a specimen.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 liked	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 liked	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 liked	aux
4	liked	like	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 preserve	mark
6	preserve	preserve	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 liked	xcomp
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 specimen	det
8	specimen	specimen	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 preserve	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 liked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	like	should · perfect	I						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	preserve not said to happen	to-infinitive	I not said here	a specimen					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent specimen=Beneficiary

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/preserve/