pupa Who acts: insect, caterpillar, butterfly, We, Bees, you · What happens: rest, change, turn, call, come out, draw · To what, where: case, pupa, butterfly pupa, whole body, four stages, pupa stage · Speech: someone speaks here
«pupa» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pupa in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The stage in the life of some insects between the larva (like a caterpillar) and the adult (like a butterfly), when the insect rests and changes inside a case.
The tree, 29 words det case det nmod case det nmod case det nmod punct case det appos punct cc det conj punct case det appos punct punct mark det nsubj parataxis cc conj case det obl punct root The DET stage NOUN in ADP the DET life NOUN of ADP some DET insects NOUN between ADP the DET larva NOUN ( PUNCT like ADP a DET caterpillar NOUN ) PUNCT and CCONJ the DET adult NOUN ( PUNCT like ADP a DET butterfly NOUN ) PUNCT , PUNCT when SCONJ the DET insect NOUN rests VERB and CCONJ changes VERB inside ADP a DET case NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 stage det 2 stage stage NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 life case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 life det 5 life life NOUN Number=Sing 2 stage nmod 6 of of ADP _ 8 insects case 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 8 insects det 8 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 5 life nmod 9 between between ADP _ 11 larva case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 larva det 11 larva larva NOUN Number=Sing 8 insects nmod 12 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 caterpillar punct 13 like like ADP _ 15 caterpillar case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 caterpillar det 15 caterpillar caterpillar NOUN Number=Sing 11 larva appos 16 ) ) PUNCT _ 15 caterpillar punct 17 and and CCONJ _ 19 adult cc 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 adult det 19 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 11 larva conj 20 ( ( PUNCT _ 23 butterfly punct 21 like like ADP _ 23 butterfly case 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 butterfly det 23 butterfly butterfly NOUN Number=Sing 19 adult appos 24 ) ) PUNCT _ 23 butterfly punct 25 , , PUNCT _ 29 rests punct 26 when when SCONJ _ 29 rests mark 27 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 28 insect det 28 insect insect NOUN Number=Sing 29 rests nsubj 29 rests rest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 adult parataxis 30 and and CCONJ _ 31 changes cc 31 changes change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 29 rests conj 32 inside inside ADP _ 34 case case 33 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 34 case det 34 case case NOUN Number=Sing 31 changes obl 35 . . PUNCT _ 2 stage punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rest present the insect vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 change present the insect not said here a case vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The caterpillar turned into a pupa.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET caterpillar NOUN turned VERB into ADP a DET pupa NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 caterpillar det 2 caterpillar caterpillar NOUN Number=Sing 3 turned nsubj 3 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 into into ADP _ 6 pupa case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 pupa det 6 pupa pupa NOUN Number=Sing 3 turned obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn past the caterpillar a pupa vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into pupa=Trajectory
Example 2 A butterfly pupa is called a chrysalis.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass det xcomp punct root A DET butterfly NOUN pupa NOUN is AUX called VERB a DET chrysalis NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 pupa det 2 butterfly butterfly NOUN Number=Sing 3 pupa compound 3 pupa pupa NOUN Number=Sing 5 called nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 called aux:pass 5 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 chrysalis det 7 chrysalis chrysalis NOUN Number=Sing 5 called xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present · passive a butterfly pupa vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 3 Inside the pupa, the insect changes its whole body.
case det obl punct det nsubj nmod:poss amod obj punct root Inside ADP the DET pupa NOUN , PUNCT the DET insect NOUN changes VERB its PRON whole ADJ body NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Inside inside ADP _ 3 pupa case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 pupa det 3 pupa pupa NOUN Number=Sing 7 changes obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 pupa punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 insect det 6 insect insect NOUN Number=Sing 7 changes nsubj 7 changes change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 body nmod:poss 9 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 10 body amod 10 body body NOUN Number=Sing 7 changes obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 changes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 change present the insect insect's whole body the pupa vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Patient
Example 4 After two weeks a butterfly came out of the pupa.
case nummod obl det nsubj case case det obl punct root After ADP two NUM weeks NOUN a DET butterfly NOUN came VERB out ADP of ADP the DET pupa NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 weeks case 2 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 weeks nummod 3 weeks week NOUN Number=Plur 6 came obl 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 butterfly det 5 butterfly butterfly NOUN Number=Sing 6 came nsubj 6 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 out out ADP _ 10 pupa case 8 of of ADP _ 10 pupa case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 pupa det 10 pupa pupa NOUN Number=Sing 6 came obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come out past a butterfly the pupa week vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient pupa=Result
Example 5 We drew the four stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult.
nsubj det nummod obj punct appos punct conj punct conj cc conj punct root We PRON drew VERB the DET four NUM stages NOUN : PUNCT egg NOUN , PUNCT larva NOUN , PUNCT pupa NOUN and CCONJ adult NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 drew nsubj 2 drew draw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 stages det 4 four four NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 stages nummod 5 stages stage NOUN Number=Plur 2 drew obj 6 : : PUNCT _ 7 egg punct 7 egg egg NOUN Number=Sing 5 stages appos 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 larva punct 9 larva larva NOUN Number=Sing 7 egg conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 pupa punct 11 pupa pupa NOUN Number=Sing 7 egg conj 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 adult cc 13 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 11 pupa conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 drew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw past We the four stages vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stage=Theme
Example 6 Bees and beetles also have a pupa stage.
nsubj cc conj advmod det compound obj punct root Bees NOUN and CCONJ beetles NOUN also ADV have VERB a DET pupa NOUN stage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bees bee NOUN Number=Plur 5 have nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 beetles cc 3 beetles beetle NOUN Number=Plur 1 Bees conj 4 also also ADV _ 5 have advmod 5 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 stage det 7 pupa pupa NOUN Number=Sing 8 stage compound 8 stage stage NOUN Number=Sing 5 have obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Bees and beetles a pupa stage vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stage=Patient
Example 7 Do not touch the pupa, or you might hurt it.
aux advmod det obj punct cc nsubj aux conj obj punct root Do AUX not PART touch VERB the DET pupa NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ you PRON might AUX hurt VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 touch aux 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 3 touch advmod 3 touch touch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 pupa det 5 pupa pupa NOUN Number=Sing 3 touch obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 hurt punct 7 or or CCONJ _ 10 hurt cc 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 hurt nsubj 9 might might AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 hurt aux 10 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 touch conj 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 hurt obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 touch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not touch imperative · do-support you not said here the pupa vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme pupa=Co-Theme 2 hurt might you pupa vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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