rifle Who acts: long gun, bullet, burglar, He, soldier, Someone · What happens: fire, spin, fly, search, steal, rifle · To what, where: shoulder, something, drawers, ball, net, rifle · Speech: someone speaks here
«rifle» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rifle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A long gun fired from the shoulder, with spiral grooves inside the barrel so the bullet spins and flies straight.
The tree, 20 words det amod nsubj case det obl punct case amod obl case det nmod mark det nsubj advcl cc conj advmod punct root A DET long ADJ gun NOUN fired VERB from ADP the DET shoulder NOUN , PUNCT with ADP spiral ADJ grooves NOUN inside ADP the DET barrel NOUN so SCONJ the DET bullet NOUN spins VERB and CCONJ flies VERB straight ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 gun det 2 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 3 gun amod 3 gun gun NOUN Number=Sing 4 fired nsubj 4 fired fire VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 from from ADP _ 7 shoulder case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 shoulder det 7 shoulder shoulder NOUN Number=Sing 4 fired obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 grooves punct 9 with with ADP _ 11 grooves case 10 spiral spiral ADJ Degree=Pos 11 grooves amod 11 grooves groove NOUN Number=Plur 4 fired obl 12 inside inside ADP _ 14 barrel case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 barrel det 14 barrel barrel NOUN Number=Sing 11 grooves nmod 15 so so SCONJ _ 18 spins mark 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 bullet det 17 bullet bullet NOUN Number=Sing 18 spins nsubj 18 spins spin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fired advcl 19 and and CCONJ _ 20 flies cc 20 flies fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 spins conj 21 straight straight ADV _ 20 flies advmod 22 . . PUNCT _ 4 fired punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fire participle a long gun the shoulder with spiral grooves inside the barrel vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent from shoulder=Initial_Location 2 spin present the bullet vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 3 fly present the bullet not said here straight property vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To search quickly and roughly through something, often to steal: «The burglar rifled through the drawers.».
The tree, 16 words mark advcl advmod cc conj case obl punct advmod mark punct punct det nsubj ccomp case det obl punct punct punct root To PART search VERB quickly ADV and CCONJ roughly ADV through ADP something PRON , PUNCT often ADV to PART steal VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET burglar NOUN rifled VERB through ADP the DET drawers NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 search mark 2 search search VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 steal advcl 3 quickly quickly ADV _ 2 search advmod 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 roughly cc 5 roughly roughly ADV _ 3 quickly conj 6 through through ADP _ 7 something case 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 search obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 steal punct 9 often often ADV _ 11 steal advmod 10 to to PART _ 11 steal mark 11 steal steal VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 12 : : PUNCT _ 16 rifled punct 13 « « PUNCT _ 16 rifled punct 14 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 burglar det 15 burglar burglar NOUN Number=Sing 16 rifled nsubj 16 rifled rifle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 steal ccomp 17 through through ADP _ 19 drawers case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 drawers det 19 drawers drawer NOUN Number=Plur 16 rifled obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 16 rifled punct 21 » » PUNCT _ 16 rifled punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 11 steal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 search to-infinitive something quickly property vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through something=Location 2 steal to-infinitive often property tree rules 3 rifle in a quote participle the burglar the drawers vn rummage-35.5-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through drawer=Location
Meaning 3 Usage: verb, sport — kept apart, not parsed.
To hit or kick a ball very hard and straight: «He rifled the ball into the net.».
The tree, 17 words mark cc conj det obj advmod advmod cc conj punct punct nsubj conj det obj case det obl punct punct punct root To PART hit VERB or CCONJ kick VERB a DET ball NOUN very ADV hard ADV and CCONJ straight ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT He PRON rifled VERB the DET ball NOUN into ADP the DET net NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 hit mark 2 hit hit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 kick cc 4 kick kick VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 hit conj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 ball det 6 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 4 kick obj 7 very very ADV _ 8 hard advmod 8 hard hard ADV Degree=Pos 4 kick advmod 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 straight cc 10 straight straight ADV _ 8 hard conj 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 rifled punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 14 rifled punct 13 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 rifled nsubj 14 rifled rifle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 kick conj 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 ball det 16 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 14 rifled obj 17 into into ADP _ 19 net case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 net det 19 net net NOUN Number=Sing 14 rifled obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 2 hit punct 21 » » PUNCT _ 2 hit punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hit to-infinitive vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 kick infinitive a ball hard property vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent ball=Patient 3 rifle in a quote past He the ball the net vn rummage-35.5-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent ball=Location
Example 1 The soldier carried a rifle on his shoulder.
det nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET soldier NOUN carried VERB a DET rifle NOUN on ADP his PRON shoulder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 soldier det 2 soldier soldier NOUN Number=Sing 3 carried nsubj 3 carried carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 rifle det 5 rifle rifle NOUN Number=Sing 3 carried obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 shoulder case 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 shoulder nmod:poss 8 shoulder shoulder NOUN Number=Sing 3 carried obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 carried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry past the soldier a rifle soldier's shoulder vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rifle=Theme
Example 2 Someone had rifled through my schoolbag.
nsubj aux case nmod:poss obl punct root Someone PRON had AUX rifled VERB through ADP my PRON schoolbag NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 rifled nsubj 2 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 rifled aux 3 rifled rifle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 through through ADP _ 6 schoolbag case 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 schoolbag nmod:poss 6 schoolbag schoolbag NOUN Number=Sing 3 rifled obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 rifled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rifle past · perfect Someone my schoolbag vn rummage-35.5-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through schoolbag=Location
Example 3 She rifled through the cupboard looking for her shoes.
nsubj case det obl advcl case nmod:poss obl punct root She PRON rifled VERB through ADP the DET cupboard NOUN looking VERB for ADP her PRON shoes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 rifled nsubj 2 rifled rifle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 through through ADP _ 5 cupboard case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 cupboard det 5 cupboard cupboard NOUN Number=Sing 2 rifled obl 6 looking look VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 rifled advcl 7 for for ADP _ 9 shoes case 8 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 shoes nmod:poss 9 shoes shoe NOUN Number=Plur 6 looking obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 rifled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rifle past She the cupboard vn rummage-35.5-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through cupboard=Location 2 look gerund She not said here for her shoes vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for shoe=Theme
Example 4 The striker rifled the ball into the top corner.
det nsubj det obj case det amod obl punct root The DET striker NOUN rifled VERB the DET ball NOUN into ADP the DET top ADJ corner NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 striker det 2 striker striker NOUN Number=Sing 3 rifled nsubj 3 rifled rifle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 ball det 5 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 3 rifled obj 6 into into ADP _ 9 corner case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 corner det 8 top top ADJ Degree=Pos 9 corner amod 9 corner corner NOUN Number=Sing 3 rifled obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 rifled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rifle past the striker the ball the top corner vn rummage-35.5-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent ball=Location
Example 5 Farmers in Australia may use a rifle to protect sheep from foxes.
nsubj case nmod aux det obj mark advcl obj case obl punct root Farmers NOUN in ADP Australia PROPN may AUX use VERB a DET rifle NOUN to PART protect VERB sheep NOUN from ADP foxes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 5 use nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 Australia case 3 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 1 Farmers nmod 4 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 use aux 5 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 rifle det 7 rifle rifle NOUN Number=Sing 5 use obj 8 to to PART _ 9 protect mark 9 protect protect VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 use advcl 10 sheep sheep NOUN Number=Plur 9 protect obj 11 from from ADP _ 12 foxes case 12 foxes fox NOUN Number=Plur 9 protect obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use may Farmers in Australia a rifle vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rifle=Patient 2 protect to-infinitive Farmers in Australia not said here sheep from foxes vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent sheep=Beneficiary from fox=Theme
Example 6 Never touch a rifle or any gun; tell an adult straight away.
advmod det obj cc det conj punct conj det obj advmod advmod punct root Never ADV touch VERB a DET rifle NOUN or CCONJ any DET gun NOUN ; PUNCT tell VERB an DET adult NOUN straight ADV away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 touch advmod 2 touch touch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 rifle det 4 rifle rifle NOUN Number=Sing 2 touch obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 7 gun cc 6 any any DET PronType=Ind 7 gun det 7 gun gun NOUN Number=Sing 4 rifle conj 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 tell punct 9 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 touch conj 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 adult det 11 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 9 tell obj 12 straight straight ADV _ 13 away advmod 13 away away ADV _ 9 tell advmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 touch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not touch imperative you not said here a rifle or any gun vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme rifle=Co-Theme 2 tell speech: assert infinitive you not said here a adult away property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient
Example 7 So he took up a rifle which he had laid at his bedside.
advmod nsubj compound:prt det obj nsubj:pass nsubj aux acl:relcl case nmod:poss obl punct root So ADV he PRON took VERB up ADP a DET rifle NOUN which PRON he PRON had AUX laid VERB at ADP his PRON bedside NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 So so ADV _ 3 took advmod 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 took nsubj 3 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 up up ADP _ 3 took compound:prt 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 rifle det 6 rifle rifle NOUN Number=Sing 3 took obj 7 which which PRON PronType=Rel 10 laid nsubj:pass 8 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 laid nsubj 9 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 laid aux 10 laid lay VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 rifle acl:relcl 11 at at ADP _ 13 bedside case 12 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 bedside nmod:poss 13 bedside bedside NOUN Number=Sing 10 laid obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take up past he a rifle vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rifle=Theme 2 lay past · perfect · passive a rifle his bedside vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme at bedside=Destination
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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